cEP-0030: Next Generation Action System

Closes #181

cEP-0030.md

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+# Next Generation Action System
+
+| Metadata |                                                |
+| -------- | -----------------------------------------------|
+| cEP      | 30                                             |
+| Version  | 1.0                                            |
+| Title    | Next Generation Action System                  |
+| Authors  | Akshat Karani <mailto:[email protected]>  |
+| Status   | Proposed                                       |
+| Type     | Process                                        |
+
+# Abstract
+
+This cEP describes the details about Next Generation Action System which
+will allow bears to define their own actions as a part of 
+[GSoC'19 project](https://summerofcode.withgoogle.com/projects/#5450946933424128).
+
+# Introduction
+
+Bears run some analysis on a piece of code and output is in form of 
+a `Result` object. Then some action from a predefined set of actions 
+is applied to that `Result` object. This system is a bit restrictive 
+as action from predefined set of actionscan be taken. 
+If there is a system which will support bears defining their 
+own actions, then it will make bears more useful.
+This project is about changing the current action system so that bears 
+can define their own actions.
+
+
+# Implementation
+
+The idea is to add a new attribute to `Result` class which will be a list of
+action instances defined by origin of the Result. When bears yield a Result, 
+they can pass optional argument defining actions.
+Then `Result.actions` is added to list of predefined actions when user is asked 
+for a action to apply.
+
+## Changing the `Result` class
+
+1. The first step is to facilitate bears defining their own actions. For this 
+the `__init__` and `from_values` method of the Result class are be changed. 
+While yielding Result object a new optional parameter `actions` can be passed. 
+This is a list of actions that are specific to the bear.
+
+```python
+
+class Result:
+
+    # A new parameter `actions` is added
+    def __init__(self,
+                 origin,
+                 message: str,
+                 affected_code: (tuple, list) = (),
+                 severity: int = RESULT_SEVERITY.NORMAL,
+                 additional_info: str = '',
+                 debug_msg='',
+                 diffs: (dict, None) = None,
+                 confidence: int = 100,
+                 aspect: (aspectbase, None) = None,
+                 message_arguments: dict = {},
+                 applied_actions: dict = {},
+                 actions: list = []):
+
+        # A new attribute `actions` is added 
+        self.actions = actions
+
+    # A new parameter `actions` is added
+    def from_values(cls,
+                    origin,
+                    message: str,
+                    file: str,
+                    line: (int, None) = None,
+                    column: (int, None) = None,
+                    end_line: (int, None) = None,
+                    end_column: (int, None) = None,
+                    severity: int = RESULT_SEVERITY.NORMAL,
+                    additional_info: str = '',
+                    debug_msg='',
+                    diffs: (dict, None) = None,
+                    confidence: int = 100,
+                    aspect: (aspectbase, None) = None,
+                    message_arguments: dict = {},
+                    actions: list = []):
+
+        # Passing an optional argument `actions`
+        return cls(origin=origin,
+                   message=message,
+                   affected_code=(source_range,),
+                   severity=severity,
+                   additional_info=additional_info,
+                   debug_msg=debug_msg,
+                   diffs=diffs,
+                   confidence=confidence,
+                   aspect=aspect,
+                   message_arguments=message_arguments,
+                   actions=actions)
+
+```
+
+## Modifying `ConsoleInteraction` module
+
+1. `ConsoleInteraction` module needs to be modified to add 
+`Result.actions` to list of predefined actions when asking user 
+for an action to apply
+2. For this `acquire_actions_and_apply` function needs to be modified.
+
+```python
+
+def acquire_actions_and_apply(console_printer,
+                              section,
+                              file_diff_dict,
+                              result,
+                              file_dict,
+                              cli_actions=None,
+                              apply_single=False):
+    cli_actions = CLI_ACTIONS if cli_actions is None else cli_actions
+    failed_actions = set()
+    applied_actions = {}
+
+    while True:
+        action_dict = {}
+        metadata_list = []
+        # Only change is adding result.actions here
+        for action in list(cli_actions) + result.actions:
+            # All the applicable actions from cli_actions and result.actions
+            # are appended to `metadata_list`.
+            # Then user if asked for action from `metadata_list`.
+            if action.is_applicable(result,
+                                    file_dict,
+                                    file_diff_dict,
+                                    tuple(applied_actions.keys())) is True:
+                metadata = action.get_metadata()
+                action_dict[metadata.name] = action
+                metadata_list.append(metadata)
+
+        if not metadata_list:
+            return
+
+```
+
+## Modifying `Processing` module
+
+1. To allow user to autoapply the actions defined by the bears,
+`Processing` module needs to be modified.
+2. Definition of `ACTIONS` needs to be modified to contain action 
+objects instead of action class.
+
+```python
+
+ACTIONS = [DoNothingAction(),
+           ApplyPatchAction(),
+           PrintDebugMessageAction(),
+           ShowPatchAction(),
+           IgnoreResultAction(),
+           ShowAppliedPatchesAction(),
+           GeneratePatchesAction()]
+
+```
+
+3. `autoapply_actions` needs to be modified to enable user to 
+autoapply bear defined actions.
+
+```python
+def autoapply_actions(results,
+                      file_dict,
+                      file_diff_dict,
+                      section,
+                      log_printer=None):
+
+    bear_actions = []
+    # bear defined actions from all the results are added to `bear_actions`.
+    for result in results:
+        bear_actions += result.actions
+
+    # `bear_actions` is passed as a argument to `get_default_actions` function.
+    default_actions, invalid_actions = get_default_actions(section,
+                                                           bear_actions)
+    no_autoapply_warn = bool(section.get('no_autoapply_warn', False))
+    for bearname, actionname in invalid_actions.items():
+        logging.warning('Selected default action {!r} for bear {!r} does not '
+                        'exist. Ignoring action.'.format(actionname, bearname))
+
+    if len(default_actions) == 0:
+        return results
+
+    not_processed_results = []
+    for result in results:
+        try:
+            action = default_actions[result.origin]
+        except KeyError:
+            for bear_glob in default_actions:
+                if fnmatch(result.origin, bear_glob):
+                    action = default_actions[bear_glob]
+                    break
+            else:
+                not_processed_results.append(result)
+                continue
+
+        # This condition checks that if action is in bear_actions which means
+        # that default action is one defined by a bear, then action must be in
+        # result.actions because then only that action can be applied to that 
+        # result.
+        if action not in bear_actions or action in result.actions:
+            applicable = action.is_applicable(result,
+                                              file_dict,
+                                              file_diff_dict)
+            if applicable is not True:
+                if not no_autoapply_warn:
+                    logging.warning('{}: {}'.format(result.origin, applicable))
+                not_processed_results.append(result)
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                action.apply_from_section(result,
+                                          file_dict,
+                                          file_diff_dict,
+                                          section)
+                logging.info('Applied {!r} on {} from {!r}.'.format(
+                    action.get_metadata().name,
+                    result.location_repr(),
+                    result.origin))
+            except Exception as ex:
+                not_processed_results.append(result)
+                log_exception(
+                    'Failed to execute action {!r} with error: {}.'.format(
+                        action.get_metadata().name, ex),
+                    ex)
+                logging.debug('-> for result ' + repr(result) + '.')
+        # Otherwise this result is added to the list of not processed results.
+        else:
+            not_processed_results.append(result)
+
+    return not_processed_results
+
+```
+
+4. `get_default_action` function needs to be modified to get default 
+actions from `bears_actions` also.
+
+```python
+
+# A new parameter `bear_actions` is added.
+def get_default_actions(section, bear_actions):
+    try:
+        default_actions = dict(section['default_actions'])
+    except IndexError:
+        return {}, {}
+
+    # `action_dict` now contains all the actions from `ACTIONS` as well as
+    # bear_actions.
+    # bears_actions contain action objects, to be consistent with this 
+    # `ACTIONS` was changed to contain action objects.
+    action_dict = {action.get_metadata().name: action
+                   for action in ACTIONS + bear_actions}
+    invalid_action_set = default_actions.values() - action_dict.keys()
+    invalid_actions = {}
+    if len(invalid_action_set) != 0:
+        invalid_actions = {
+            bear: action
+            for bear, action in default_actions.items()
+            if action in invalid_action_set}
+        for invalid in invalid_actions.keys():
+            del default_actions[invalid]
+
+    actions = {bearname: action_dict[action_name]
+               for bearname, action_name in default_actions.items()}
+    return actions, invalid_actions
+
+```
+
+5. Auto applying actions specific to bears is same as auto-applying 
+predefined actions. User just need to add 
+`default_actions = BearName: ActionName` in coafile.
+
+## Writing bear specific actions
+
+1. The above changes will now allow bears to define their own actions and 
+user can apply these actions interactively or by default.
+2. While writing any action for bear user needs to implement `is_applicable` 
+and `apply` method with correct logic. User can also add a `init` method to 
+pass the necessary data.
+3. It may be the case that `is_appicable` method need to be implemented in 
+such a way that once action is applied is should return False. For this user 
+can use `file_diff_dict` to know if action has been applied or not.
+
+### AddNewlineAction for GitCommitBear
+
+1. `AddNewlineAction` is an action specific to `GitCommitBear`. Whenever 
+`GitCommitBear` detects that there is no newline between shorlog and 
+body of the commit message it will yield a `Result` and pass 
+`AddNewlineAction` as a argument.
+
+```python
+
+yield Result(self,
+             message,
+             actions=[AddNewlineAction(message, shortlog, body)])
+
+```
+
+2. Implemtation of `AddNewlineAction`
+
+```python
+
+from coalib.misc.Shell import run_shell_command
+from coalib.results.result_actions.ResultAction import ResultAction
+
+
+class AddNewlineAction(ResultAction):
+
+    SUCCESS_MESSAGE = 'New Line added successfully.'
+
+    def __init__(self, shortlog, body):
+        self.shortlog = shortlog
+        self.body = body
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def is_applicable(result,
+                      original_file_dict,
+                      file_diff_dict,
+                      applied_actions=()):
+        return 'AddNewlineAction' not in file_diff_dict
+
+    def apply(self, result, original_file_dict, file_diff_dict, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Add (N)ewline
+        """
+        new_commit_message = '{}\n\n{}'.format(self.shortlog, self.body)
+        command = 'git commit --amend -m "{}"'.format(new_commit_message)
+        stdout, err = run_shell_command(command)
+        # When action is applied a new element is added to 
+        # `file_diff_dict`. This is used in `is_applicable` to know
+        # if the action was applied or not.
+        file_diff_dict['AddNewlineAction'] = True
+        return file_diff_dict
+
+```
+
+3. Some other ideas for actions which can be implemented for GitCommitBear
+are:
+`OpenEditorAction` - Opens up a editor to edit your commit message.
+`FixLinelengthAction` - Fixes that line length of shortlog are body if greater
+that specified limit.
+
+## Bears with Multiple Patches
+
+1. To support bears with multiple patches a new action `PatchAction` 
+is implemented. Corresponding to each patch provided for a problem we 
+have a instance of `PatchAction` in `result.actions`.
+2. `PatchAction` is implemented such that it implicitly includes 
+`ShowPatchAction` and `ApplyPatchAction` for that patch.
+3. Initially only `ShowPatchAction` of one patch is applied. 
+If user wants to apply this patch the `ApplyPatchAction` of that patch 
+is applied. If the user asks for another patch then `ShowPatchAction` 
+corresponding to that patch is applied.