fix(brew-bump.sh): add checks and handle errors

[jsjoeio]

This PR adds a lot of bash helper functions (+ tests) used in brew-bump.sh in order to ensure this script doesn't fail when publishing a release.

TODOs

• add BATS test for steps-lib.sh
• add check + test for $VERSION
• add check for cdr/ci/homebrew
• add check for remote upstream
• add check for $HOMEBREW_GITHUB_API_TOKEN
• add check for git-ask-pass.sh
• add check for cleaning up homebrew-core
• fix Trivy vulnerability (chore(deps): upgrade ansi-regex to 5.0.1 and tmpl to 1.0.5 #4251)
• test the GIT_ASKPASS in isolated environment

Fixes #3962

Test Plan

To test out the other parts of the script (specifically GIT_ASKPASS), here is what I did:

1. Create new Workspace on https://master.cdr.dev/workspaces
2. "log out" of git with:

git config --global --unset user.name
git config --global --unset user.email
git config --global --unset credential.helper

3. Verify log out by trying to clone via HTTPS a private repo:

git clone https://github.com/jsjoeio/dip.chat-v2.git

4. Create script similar to brew-bump.sh and add steps-lib.sh to Workspace.
5. Make script executable chmod +x test-brew.sh
6. Run script: VERSION="1.2.3" HOMEBREW_GITHUB_API_TOKEN="<redcated>" ./test-brew.sh (make sure the token had repo and workflow in scope).

Notes

Ran into issues with scripts that used set -u so that's why I created a new file called steps-lib.sh.

See: sstephenson/bats#171

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #4236 (9aac550) into main (8f72481) will not change coverage.
The diff coverage is n/a.

❗ Current head 9aac550 differs from pull request most recent head 8ef950a. Consider uploading reports for the commit 8ef950a to get more accurate results

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #4236   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   65.09%   65.09%           
=======================================
  Files          36       36           
  Lines        1882     1882           
  Branches      380      380           
=======================================
  Hits         1225     1225           
  Misses        559      559           
  Partials       98       98           

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[jawnsy]

left some really minor suggestions for your consideration, this is good-to-go as it is

[jawnsy]

If you change the functions to return stuff instead of echo, then you'd have to change this to check the $status instead of $output

[jsjoeio]

Good point! Okay if/after I refactor, I'll update these!