Add ruleSet and KMS setting for CLI CSFLE during init

[channingdong]

Release Notes

This PR serves as a following up PR to finalize the CSFLE feature on CLI, including the following changes:

Breaking Changes

• PLACEHOLDER

New Features

• Add ruleSet and Key Management Service (KMS) driver support to finalize the Client Side Field Level Encryption (CSFLE) feature for confluent kafka topic [produce | consume]

Bug Fixes

• PLACEHOLDER

Checklist

• Leave this box unchecked if features are not yet available in production

What

• Add the KMS driver and field-level encryption executor for each schema type during serializer/deserializer init.
• Add all the built-in schemas required as reference/extension schemas for the CSFLE features.
• Add encryption related test cases for all 3 types of schemas.
• For protobuf, use Golang file embedding feature to add the built-in schemas during compile time, and copy then to a local temporary folder in running time during Kafka topic produce/consume (same folder as the main schema).
• Update the AVRO schema serializer such that ruleSet can be extracted correctly from the native Go object.
• Update the PROTOBUF schema deserializer process to parse the ruleSet correctly.
• Update the confluent-kafka-go library to latest version.
• Update the serializer/deserializer unit tests such that the temporary schema directory creation and deletion only happens once before/after all tests start/finish, instead of doing the temp directory creation/deletion inside each individual unit test.

References

https://docs.confluent.io/cloud/current/security/encrypt/csfle/overview.html

Test & Review

Thorough manual verification have been conducted to test different types (string, JSON, Prototype, Avro) of schemas with simple, reference, nested and ruleSet (with KMS) features, which all show the passing result.

The details verification result under different category can be found here:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GwXz9hNOkub_Br-2nssoYWCf6elZBvwo7TMhCNYinwE/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.1xcbdvagwov4

[confluent-cla-assistant]

🎉 All Contributor License Agreements have been signed. Ready to merge.
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[rayokota]

Thanks @channingdong , left some comments

[rayokota]

Thanks @channingdong , LGTM

[sgagniere]

After syncing w/ Channing: we need to make the proto files available even when users don't have any copy on their machine

[sgagniere]

lgtm