Rust for EDKII

This project is an experiment and should not be used production workloads.

Notes for the rust_and_tests branch

rustup update - Make sure you've got some good Rust. cargo install cargo-xbuild - Make sure you've got the cross build tools.

rustup default nightly - Switch to nightly for certain build features.

rm Conf/tools_def.txt Conf/build_rules.txt - To make sure you get the best config.

rustup component add rust-src - To make sure you can build.

Make sure to build r_efi Externals prior to build. Change to the RustPkg/External/r-efi directory. For HOST_APPLICATION: cargo build For UEFI targets:

cargo xbuild --release --target x86_64-unknown-uefi
cargo xbuild --target x86_64-unknown-uefi
cargo xbuild --release --target i686-unknown-uefi
cargo xbuild --target i686-unknown-uefi

Background

There have been various instances of advocacy https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2019/11/07/using-rust-in-windows/ for building system level software in Rust https://www.rust-lang.org/. Given the ability to migrate components to Rust incrementally, we are trying to add support for building EDKII components in Rust as the first step.

Branch Description

The code base of development is edk2-stable201911 tag.

This branch owner: Jiewen Yao <[email protected]>

Preface

For rust, we use x86_64-unknown-uefi and i686-unknown-uefi target to generate PE library or .efi image in Windows or Linux.

For C code, we use LLVM9 toolchain to generate PE binary in Windows or Linux.

For asm, we use nasm in Windows or Linux.

How to use

Pre-Requisite

Rust Tool

1. Install rust using installer.

Goto https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install for windows or linux

Rust version should be nightly.

You can also set profile to minimal install.

Then you should use blow command to install rust-src component

rustup component add rust-src

Or (install from source)

You can install rust from source code this is not recommend

2. Install cargo-xbuild

cargo install cargo-xbuild

3. Prebuild binary

goto RustPkg\External\r-efi

cargo xbuild --release --target x86_64-unknown-uefi
cargo xbuild --target x86_64-unknown-uefi
cargo xbuild --release --target i686-unknown-uefi
cargo xbuild --target i686-unknown-uefi

LLVM9

REF: https://github.com/tianocore/tianocore.github.io/wiki/CLANG9-Tools-Chain

1. Install LLVM9.0.0 from

http://releases.llvm.org/download.html#9.0.0

2. set Enviroment

set CLANG_HOST_BIN=n
set CLANG_BIN=C:\Program Files\LLVM\bin\

or

export CLANG_BIN=/home/your_llvm_bin_path

Build

Currently, we may use ways to build UEFI module with rust support.

1. Build the rust module with Cargo.

go to rust folder, such as RustPkg\Test\TestRustLangApp, RustPkg\MdeModulePkg\Universal\CapsulePei

cargo xbuild [--release] --target [x86_64-unknown-uefi|i686-unknown-uefi]

the output is target/[x86_64-unknown-uefi|i686-unknown-uefi]/[debug|release]/test_rust_lang_app.efi

This only works for UEFI application.

2. Build the rust module with EDKII tools.

build -p RustPkg/RustPkg.dsc -t CLANGPDB -a IA32
build -p RustPkg/RustPkg.dsc -t CLANGPDB -a X64

Supported Build combination

1. C source + Rust source mixed in INF (Library or Module)

Rust source code is supported by EDKII build rule – Rust-To-Lib-File (.rs => .lib)

Limitation: Rust cannot have external dependency.

2. Pure Rust Module only.

   A Cargo.toml file is added to INF file as source.

   Rust Module build is supported by EDKII build rule – Toml-File.RUST_MODULE (Toml => .efi)

   Limitation: Runtime might be a problem, not sure about virtual address translation for rust internal global variable.

3. Pure Rust Module + Pure Rust Library with Cargo Dependency.

The cargo dependency means the rust lib dependency declared in Cargo.toml.

4. Pure Rust Module + C Library with EDKII Dependency.

Rust Module build is supported by EDKII build rule – Toml-File (Toml => .lib)

The EDKII dependency means the EDKII lib dependency declared in INF.

If a rust module is built with C, the cargo must use staticlib. Or rlib should be used.

5. C Module + Pure Rust Library with EDKII Dependency.

Rust Lib build is supported by EDKII build rule – Toml-File. (Toml => .lib)

6. Pure Rust Module + Pure Rust Library with EDKII Dependency.

Same as #4 + #5.

TODO

• support cross module include.
• add more rust modules.

Appendix A: Build Rust from source

1. download the source code

https://github.com/rust-lang/rust

2. follow readme.md to generate config.toml.

NOTE:

set lld = true to build rust-lld.
set extended = true to build rust-lld.
set docs = false to save build time.

Linux OS:

set prefix, sysconfdir = in Linux OS.

Windows OS:

set python = "python" in Windows OS.
set buid, host, target = x86_64-pc-windows-msvc in Windows OS.
set allow-old-toolchain = true , if visual studio < vs2019

3. follow readme.md to build the source.

./x.py build

4. Install rust and cargo.

a) For Linux OS:

Use below commend to install.

./x.py install ./x.py install cargo

rustc is at /bin.
rust-lld is at /lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin.

export RUST_PREFIX= export PATH=$RUST_PREFIX/bin:$RUST_PREFIX/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin:$PATH export RUST_SRC= # modify to the rust git. export XARGO_RUST_SRC=$RUST_SRC/src

b) For Windows OS:

Set CARGO_HOME environment (default to ~/.cargo. windows example: c:\users.cargo)

Add binary location to PATH (Assume RUST_SRC= @REM modify to the rust git.)

rustc.exe toolchain is at %RUST_SRC%\build\x86_64-pc-windows-msvc\stage2\bin
cargo.exe and tools is at %RUST_SRC%\build\x86_64-pc-windows-msvc\stage2-tools-bin

set RUST_SRC= @REM modify to the rust git. set CARGO_HOME=c:\work.cargo set PATH=%CARGO_HOME%\bin;%RUST_SRC%\build\x86_64-pc-windows-msvc\stage2\bin;%RUST_SRC%\build\x86_64-pc-windows-msvc\stage2-tools-bin;%PATH% set XARGO_RUST_SRC=%RUST_SRC%\src

Other way: Copy cargo.exe from %RUST_SRC%\build\x86_64-pc-windows-msvc\stage2-tools-bin to %RUST_SRC%\build\x86_64-pc-windows-msvc\stage2\bin

set RUST_SRC= @REM modify to the rust git. rustup toolchain link rust-uefi %RUST_SRC%x\build\x86_64-pc-windows-msvc\stage2 rustup default rust-uefi set XARGO_RUST_SRC=%RUST_SRC%\src

Appendix B: Build LLVM from source

1. download the source.

Follow http://clang.llvm.org/get_started.html

2. configure

Linux OS:

cmake -DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS="clang;lld" -G "Unix Makefiles" ../llvm

Windows OS: (assume using VS2017)

cmake -DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS="clang;lld" -G "Visual Studio 15 2017" -A x64 -Thost=x64 ..\llvm

NOTE:

use LLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS=clang to build clang.
use LLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS=lld to build lld-link. (https://lld.llvm.org/)
use CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release to build release version. (https://llvm.org/docs/CMake.html)

3. build the source

Linux OS:

make

Windows OS: (please use release build, the debug build is very slow.)

devenv LLVM.sln /Build Release /Project ALL_BUILD

4. install

a) For Linux OS:

Add binary location to PATH (Assume LLVM_SRC= # modify to the llvm-project git.)

clang and lld-link are at $LLVM_SRC/build/bin.

export LLVM_SRC= # modify to the llvm-project git. export PATH=$LLVM_SRC/build/bin;$PATH

b) For Windows OS:

Add binary location to PATH (Assume LLVM_SRC= @REM modify to the llvm-project git.)

clang and lld-link are at %LLVM_SRC%\build\Release\bin.

set LLVM_SRC= @REM modify to the llvm-project git. set PATH=%LLVM_SRC%\build\Release\bin;%PATH%