Test swig exception-handling

Related to AMICI-dev#2478.

python/tests/test_swig_interface.py

@@ -534,3 +534,28 @@ def test_rdataview(sbml_example_presimulation_module):
 
     # field names are included by dir()
     assert "x" in dir(rdata)
+
+
+def test_python_exceptions(sbml_example_presimulation_module):
+    """Test that C++ exceptions are correctly caught and re-raised in Python."""
+
+    # only amici-base extension
+    solver = amici.CVodeSolver()
+    with pytest.raises(
+        RuntimeError, match="maxsteps must be a positive number"
+    ):
+        solver.setMaxSteps(-1)
+
+    # only model extension
+    model = sbml_example_presimulation_module.get_model()
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="Steadystate mask has wrong size"):
+        model.set_steadystate_mask([1] * model.nx_solver * 2)
+
+    edata = amici.ExpData(1, 1, 1, [1])
+    # too short sx0
+    edata.sx0 = (1, 2)
+    with pytest.raises(
+        RuntimeError,
+        match=r"Number of initial conditions sensitivities \(36\) in model does not match ExpData \(2\).",
+    ):
+        amici.runAmiciSimulation(model, solver, edata)