Remove Ubuntu 20 and add Ubuntu 24 in CI #1157

Job	Run time
reusable_tests / asan	3m 16s
reusable_tests / clang	1m 38s
reusable_tests / flaky	3m 3s
reusable_tests / coverage	3m 37s
reusable_tests / multiplatform-tests (Release, ubuntu-22.04)	5m 3s
reusable_tests / python-linter	11s
reusable_tests / tsan	3m 30s
reusable_tests / uncrustify	29s
reusable_tests / multiplatform-tests (Release, ubuntu-24.04)	3m 51s
reusable_tests / multiplatform-tests (Release, windows-2019)	4m 51s
reusable_tests / multiplatform-tests (Release, windows-2022)	4m 48s
reusable_tests / multiplatform-tests (Debug, ubuntu-22.04)	3m 12s
reusable_tests / multiplatform-tests (Debug, ubuntu-24.04)	3m 14s
reusable_tests / multiplatform-tests (Debug, windows-2019)	4m 52s
reusable_tests / multiplatform-tests (Debug, windows-2022)	4m 56s
	50m 31s

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