Feature/geo

[pmaciel]

This PR provides minimal functionality for a grid library, under eckit::geo and resulting in libeckit_geo.dylib. It is meant as a (much) larger superset of the eckit::geometry library which it intends to replace, as well as a very large rewrite.

It has basic support for the following:

• regular ll, regular gg, reduced gg, ORCA, HEALPix grids (ring & nested); They can
  • iterate (inside eg. a for loop)
  • generate a list of points (a pair of lat/lon vectors, or a single list of points)
  • generate a spec ("gridspec"), which can be reused to recreate the same grid
  • be instantiated from a spec ("gridspec")
• regular ll, regular gg, reduced gg grids can crop
• the framework for Projections, Figure (shape and size), is in place
• all new class hierarchies are fully adequate for Python interfaces (if need be), that is, the classes are components

Everything is done "as late as possible", and the expensive calculations are cached. There is sufficient support for ORCA grids cached to/from disk to support the existing stack.

What's not there:

• ordering (GRIB scanningMode) handling (incl. HEALPix ordering: nested but that is simple to add now)
• projections (incl. rotations), there is heavy testing done already (so it is simple to add now, one-by-one)

This is meant as a starting point. If one aims for full complete integration with eccodes, I would say we are 75% of the way there -- but the last % take longer.

This considers eccodes + atlas + mir + multio (the ORCA and HEALPix parts) + earthkit-regrid. There is also a parallel effort that can trigger most of the above functionality from eccodes, which has been considered for this design so it is suitable, with an equivalent grib_get_data (and an additional grib_get_data_diff) already supporting integration into eccodes (the first project with eckit::geo upstream of eccodes).

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[iainrussell]

🎆