Console-based Audio Visualizer for ALSA
also supports audio input from Pulseaudio, fifo (mpd), sndio and squeezelite.
thanks to anko for the gif, here is the recipe.
Table of Contents generated with DocToc
- What it is
- Build requirements
- Getting started
- Capturing audio
- Running via ssh
- Font notes
- Latency notes
- Usage
- Configuration
- Contribution
C.A.V.A. is a bar spectrum audio visualizer for the Linux terminal using ALSA, pulseaudio or fifo buffer for input.
This program is not intended for scientific use. It's written to look responsive and aesthetic when used to visualize music.
- FFTW
- ncursesw dev files (bundled in ncurses in arch)
- ALSA dev files
- Pulseaudio dev files
- libtool
Only FFTW is actually required for CAVA to compile, but for maximum usage and performance ncurses and pulseaudio and/or alsa dev files are recommended. Not sure how to get the pulseaudio dev files for other distros than debian/ubuntu or if they are bundled in pulseaudio.
All the requirements can be installed easily in all major distros:
Debian/Raspbian:
apt-get install libfftw3-dev libasound2-dev libncursesw5-dev libpulse-dev libtool
ArchLinux:
pacman -S base-devel fftw ncurses alsa-lib iniparser pulseaudio
openSUSE:
zypper install alsa-devel ncurses-devel fftw3-devel libpulse-devel libtool
Fedora:
dnf install alsa-lib-devel ncurses-devel fftw3-devel pulseaudio-libs-devel libtool
Iniparser is also required, but if it is not already installed, a bundled version will be used.
To run the autogen script you will also need automake, libtool and git.
./autogen.sh
./configure
make
You can use the following for compilation options:
--enable-debug enable debug messages and frequency table output
--enable-legacy_iniparser enable legacy iniparser mode necessary to build cava with iniparser < 4.0
For example, turning on debugging messages:
./configure --enable-debug
Install cava to default /usr/local:
make install
Or you can change PREFIX, for example:
./configure --prefix=PREFIX
make uninstall
Tumbleweed users have cava in their repo. They can just use:
zypper in cava
Leap users need to add the multimedia:apps repository first:
zypper ar -f obs://multimedia:apps/openSUSE_Leap_42.2 multimedia
If you use another version just replace openSUSE_Leap_42.2 with openSUSE_13.2, adjust it to your version.
Cava is available in Fedora 26 and later. You can install Cava by running:
dnf install cava
Cava is in AUR.
pacaur -S cava
Michael Nguyen has added CAVA to his PPA, it can be installed with:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tehtotalpwnage/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cava
All distro specific instalation sources might be out of date.
First make sure you have installed pulseaudio dev files and that cava has been built with pulseaudio support (it should be automatically if the dev files are found).
If you're lucky all you have to do is to uncomment this line in the config file under input:
method = pulse
If nothing happens you might have to use a different source than the default. The default might also be your microphone. Look at the config file for help.
Set
method = alsa
in the config file.
ALSA can be difficult because there is no native way to grab audio from an output. If you want to capture audio straight fom the output (not just mic or line-in), you must create an ALSA loopback interface, then output the audio simultaneously to both the loopback and your normal interface.
To create a loopback interface simply run:
sudo modprobe snd_aloop
Hopefully your aplay -l should now contain a loopback interface.
To make it presistent across boot add the line snd-aloop to "/etc/modules". To keep it form beeing loaded as the first soundcard add the line options snd-aloop index=1 to "/etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf", this will load it at '1'. You can replace '1' with whatever makes most sense in your audio setup.
Playing the audio through your Loopback interface makes it possible for cava to to capture it, but there will be no sound in your speakers. In order to play audio on the loopback interface and your actual interface you must make use of the ALSA multi channel.
Look at the included example file example_files/etc/asound.conf on how to use the multi channel. I was able to make this work on my laptop (an Asus UX31 running Ubuntu), but I had no luck with the ALSA method on my Rasberry PI (Rasbian) with an USB DAC. The PulseAudio method however works perfectly on my PI.
Read more about the ALSA method here.
If you are having problems with the alsa method on Rasberry PI, try enabling mmap by adding the following line to /boot/config.txt and reboot:
dtoverlay=i2s-mmap
Add these lines in mpd:
audio_output {
type "fifo"
name "my_fifo"
path "/tmp/mpd.fifo"
format "44100:16:2"
}
Uncomment and change input method to fifo in the config file.
The path of the fifo can be specified with the source parameter.
I had some trouble with sync (the visualizer was ahead of the sound). Reducing the ALSA buffer in mpd fixed it:
audio_output {
type "alsa"
name "My ALSA"
buffer_time "50000" # (50ms); default is 500000 microseconds (0.5s)
}
sndio is the audio framework used on OpenBSD, but it's also available on FreeBSD and Linux. So far this is only tested on FreeBSD.
To test it
# Start sndiod with a monitor sub-device
$ sndiod -dd -s default -m mon -s monitor
# Set the AUDIODEVICE environment variable to override the default
# sndio device and run cava
$ AUDIODEVICE=snd/0.monitor cavasqueezelite is one of several software clients available for the Logitech Media Server. Squeezelite can export it's audio data as shared memory, which is what this input module uses.
Configure C.A.V.A. with the --enable-shmem option, then adapt your config:
method = shmem
source = /squeezelite-AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF
where AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF is squeezelite's MAC address (check the LMS Web GUI (Settings>Information) if unsure).
Note: squeezelite must be started with the -v flag to enable visualizer support.
To run via ssh to an external monitor, redirect output to /dev/console:
~# ./cava <> /dev/console >&0 2>&1
exit with ctrl+z then run 'bg' to keep it running after you log out.
(You must be root to redirect to console. Simple sudo is not enough: Run sudo su first.)
You can also use Cava's output for other programs by using raw output mode, which will write bar data to STDOUT that can be piped into other processes. More information on this option is documented in the example config file.
Since the graphics are simply based on characters, performance is dependent on the terminal font.
If you run this in a TTY the program will change the font to the included cava.psf (actually a slightly modified "unifont").
In console fonts it seems that only 256 Unicode characters are supported, probably because they are bitmap fonts. I could not find a font with Unicode characters 2581-2587 (the 1/8 - 7/8 blocks used on the top of each bar to increase resolution).
So in cava.psf, the characters 1-7 are actually replaced by Unicode characters 2581-2587. When cava exits, it changes the font back. If cava exits abnormally and you notice that 1-7 are replaced by partial blocks, just change the font with setfont.
Actually, setfont is supposed to return the default font, but this usually isn't set. I haven't found another way to get the current font. So cava sets the font to "Lat2-Fixed16" when interrupted. All major distros should have it. It will revert to your default font at reboot.
In terminal emulators like xterm, the font settings is chosen in the software and cannot be changed by an application. So find your terminal settings and try out different fonts and settings. Also character spacing affects the look of the bar spectrum.
Performance is also different, urxvt is the best I found so far, while Gnome-terminal is quite slow.
Cava also disables the terminal cursor, and turns it back on on exit, but in case it terminates unexpectedly, run setterm -cursor on to get it back.
Tip: Cava will look much nicer in small font sizes. Use a second terminal emulator for cava and set the font size to 1. Warning, can cause high CPU usage and latency if the terminal window is too large!
If you see latency issues (sound before image) in a terminal emulator, try increasing the font size. This will reduce the number of characters that have to be shown.
If your audio device has a huge buffer, you might experience that cava is actually faster than the audio you hear. This reduces the experience of the visualization. To fix this, try decreasing the buffer settings in your audio playing software.
Usage : cava [options]
Visualize audio input in terminal.
Options:
-p path to config file
-v print version
Exit with ctrl+c or q.
If cava quits unexpectedly or is force killed, echo must be turned on manually with stty -echo.
| Key | Description |
|---|---|
| up / down | increase/decrease sensitivity |
| left / right | increase/decrease bar width |
| f / b | change forground/background color |
| r | Reload configuration |
| c | Reload colors only |
| q or CTRL-C | Quit C.A.V.A. |
As of version 0.4.0 all options are done in the config file, no more command-line arguments!
By default a configuration file is located in $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/cava/config or $HOME/.config/cava/config, but cava can also be made to use a different file with the -p option.
Use the default configuration file, which is heavily commented, as a reference for available options.
Sending cava a SIGUSR1 signal, will force cava to reload its configuration file. Thus, it behaves as if the user pressed r in the terminal. One might send a SIGUSR1 signal using pkill or killall.
For example:
$ pkill -USR1 cava
Similarly, sending cava a SIGUSR2 signal will only reload the colors from the configuration file, which is the same as pressing c in the terminal. This is slightly faster than reloading the entire config as the audio processing does not need to reinitialize.
$ pkill -USR2 cava
Examples on how the equalizer works:
[eq]
1=0
2=1
3=0
4=1
5=0
[eq]
1=2
2=2
3=1
4=1
5=0.5
Please read CONTRIBUTING.md before opening a pull request.
Thanks to:
for major contributions in the early development of this project.
Also thanks to dpayne for figuring out how to find the pulseaudio default sink name.