perf(bloom): Compute chunkrefs for series right before sending task to builder

[salvacorts]

What this PR does / why we need it:
We've seen high memory usage in the planners that caused OOMs. We pulled a profile and saw most of the in-use memory was allocated by:

• NewTSDBSeriesIter. Inside the anonymous function we pass to the ForSeries. There we create a ton of v1.ChunkRef that are later store in the task, which is stored in the (in-memory) queue.
• GetMeta. When we decode the meta json (perf(blooms): Replace JSON lib for encoding/decoding metas #14767) should improve this).

This PR improves this by not storing the chunkrefs in the tasks we store in the queue. Instead, we populate the chunkrefs just before sending the task to the builder.

Special notes for your reviewer:
We considered adding a memory limit to the queue and lazy loading the tasks but by doing so, we'd lose the metrics on the total number of tasks computed for a tenant, thus loosing the ability to track the build progress (% of completed tasks out of the total for a tenant).

We now have the following task definitions:

• protos.ProtoTask: The one we send to the builder through the wire. This one contains the chunkrefs.
• protos.Task: Same as protos.ProtoTask but with Loki friendly types. Has a ToProtoTask() that converts it to protos.ProtoTask.
• New: strategies.Task: inherits from protos.Task. Overrides the Gaps fields to have series w/o chunks (only FPs). ToProtoTask() takes forSeries as argument and populates the chunkrefs.
• planner.QueueTask: Inherits from strategies.Task and adds queue tracking info and forSeries to later on populate the chunks when transforming the queue task to protos.ProtoTask. ToProtoTask() calls the ToProtoTask() from strategies.Task passing the forSeries

Checklist

• Reviewed the CONTRIBUTING.md guide (required)
• Documentation added
• Tests updated
• Title matches the required conventional commits format, see here
  • Note that Promtail is considered to be feature complete, and future development for logs collection will be in Grafana Alloy. As such, feat PRs are unlikely to be accepted unless a case can be made for the feature actually being a bug fix to existing behavior.
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[chaudum]

What's the difference between common.ClosableForSeries and sharding.ForSeries (which is used in strategies.Task?

[salvacorts]

common.ClosableForSeries is

type ClosableForSeries interface {
	sharding.ForSeries
	Close() error
}

Added ForSeries alias to the common pkg and used it instead of common.ClosableForSeries and sharding.ForSeries

type ForSeries = sharding.ForSeries

[rfratto]

LGTM, just have a question about the improvement here

[rfratto]

nit: Should this be GenFingerprint/GenFignerPrintWithStep?

[rfratto]

silly question: doesn't this move the memory overhead from NewTSDBSeriesIter to here? why does this use less memory?

[rfratto]

Nice catch :)