Fix issues with Docker Hub rate limits in CI

Similar to the Node.js CNB repo, this repo is occasionally hitting
Docker Hub rate limit errors on the ARM jobs in the matrix like so:
https://github.com/heroku/buildpacks-go/actions/runs/9796334219/job/27051359595#step:8:10

These are due to the fact that the `pub-hk-ubuntu-22.04-arm-small`
ARM runner also has a static IP enabled, which means all traffic from
any runners in that group go through a single load balance with the
fixed IP. This not only causes throughput/reliability issues, but means
that we're more likely to hit the Docker Hub rate limit.

As such, we requested the creation of some new runner groups that
separate out the "need a fixed IP for writes" vs "need more compute
or an ARM CPU" use-cases. As an added bonus these groups are also
using Ubuntu 24.04. See:
https://salesforce.quip.com/bu6UA0KImOxJ#temp:C:GZR57becb9df8d94f80b132168fd

This PR switches to those new groups, and also adds pre-pulling of
the run image to prevent it being pulled multiple times when the
tests run (`libcnb-test` uses `--pull-policy if-not-present` with
`pack build`, but the tests run concurrently so on first run multiple
pulls will otherwise be performed). See also:
heroku/buildpacks-python#223

GUS-W-16238120.

.github/workflows/check_changelog.yml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ permissions:
 
 jobs:
   check-changelog:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     if: (!contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'skip changelog'))
     steps:
       - name: Checkout

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ env:
 
 jobs:
   lint:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
         run: cargo fmt -- --check
 
   unit-test:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ jobs:
 
   integration-test:
     name: integration-tests ${{ matrix.builder }} / ${{ matrix.arch }}
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.arch == 'arm64' && 'pub-hk-ubuntu-22.04-arm-small' || 'ubuntu-latest' }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.arch == 'arm64' && 'pub-hk-ubuntu-24.04-arm-medium' || 'ubuntu-24.04' }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
         arch: ["amd64"]
@@ -63,8 +63,18 @@ jobs:
         uses: Swatinem/[email protected]
       - name: Install Pack CLI
         uses: buildpacks/github-actions/[email protected]
+      # The images are pulled up front to prevent duplicate pulls due to the tests being run concurrently.
       - name: Pull builder image
         run: docker pull ${{ matrix.builder }}
+      - name: Pull run image
+        # Using `docker inspect` rather than `pack builder inspect` since the latter makes
+        # additional requests to Docker Hub even when the image is available locally.
+        run: |
+          RUN_IMAGE=$(
+            docker inspect --format='{{index .Config.Labels "io.buildpacks.builder.metadata"}}' '${{ matrix.builder }}' \
+              | jq --exit-status --raw-output '.stack.runImage.image'
+          )
+          docker pull "${RUN_IMAGE}"
       - name: Run integration tests
         env:
           INTEGRATION_TEST_BUILDER: ${{ matrix.builder }}

.github/workflows/inventory.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
   update-go-inventory:
     name: Update Go Inventory
-    runs-on: pub-hk-ubuntu-22.04-small
+    runs-on: pub-hk-ubuntu-24.04-ip
     steps:
       - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@v1
         id: generate-token