services	platforms	author	level	client	service	endpoint
active-directory	dotnet	jmprieur	200	ASP.NET 4.x Web App		AAD V1

Integrate Azure AD into a web application using OpenID Connect and Create a Controller that Call an Azure Function

About this sample

Overview

This sample shows how to build a .Net MVC web application that uses OpenID Connect to sign in users from a single Azure Active Directory tenant, using the ASP.Net OpenID Connect OWIN middleware.

For more information about how the protocols work in this scenario and other scenarios, see Authentication Scenarios for Azure AD.

In addition, this application will call an external endpoint via a POST Rest Call.

Note* The MathModelClass' regular expression can be fixed to accept all types of numbers. Also, the Azure Function can be more robust. I am just trying to show you how you may call an external REST endpoint from this type of application.

Scenario

Run the application, and press the sign-in button. you are signed-in, and have to consent for the application to access your profile. When you have signed-in, the Sign-out button appears, which you can press to sign-out from the application

sign-in again and navigate to the Math tab. Input an integers to the 2 fields and click add. The Azure function will be called upon add.

Create the Azure Function

Under the AzureFunctionsProject folder, you will see a default template under HttpTriggerCSharp1. I edited it to do addition on input taken from json. The json schema should look like the MathModelClass class.

The edited function source code will be found under AzureFunctionsProject/Add_Math_fxn_CSharp2/run.csx. Please copy paste this source code to your Azure Function. Once your function created, navigate to the </> Get function URL in the Azure Functions blade in the Azure portal and copy the URL. Paste it into the MathController.cs AzFxnAdd uri defintion.

Note: I suggest you complete the rest of the steps before completing this one to ensure your Azure AD app registration is working properly.

How To Run This Sample

[!Note] If you want to run this sample on Azure Government, navigate to the "Azure Government Deviations" section at the bottom of this page.

To run this sample, you'll need:

• Visual Studio 2017
• An Internet connection
• An Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) tenant. For more information on how to get an Azure AD tenant, see How to get an Azure AD tenant
• A user account in your Azure AD tenant. This sample will not work with a Microsoft account (formerly Windows Live account). Therefore, if you signed in to the Azure portal with a Microsoft account and have never created a user account in your directory before, you need to do that now.

Step 1: Clone or download this repository

From your shell or command line:

git clone https://github.com/Azure-Samples/active-directory-dotnet-webapp-openidconnect.git

Given that the name of the sample is pretty long, and so are the name of the referenced NuGet pacakges, you might want to clone it in a folder close to the root of your hard drive, to avoid file size limitations on Windows.

Step 2: Register the sample with your Azure Active Directory tenant

To register the project, you can:

• either follow the steps in the paragraphs below (Step 2 and Step 3)
• or use PowerShell scripts that:
  • automatically create for you the Azure AD applications and related objects (passwords, permissions, dependencies)
  • modify the Visual Studio projects' configuration files.

If you want to use this automation, read the instructions in App Creation Scripts

First step: choose the Azure AD tenant where you want to create your applications

As a first step you'll need to:

1. Sign in to the Azure portal.
2. On the top bar, click on your account and under the Directory list, choose the Active Directory tenant where you wish to register your application.
3. Click on All services in the left-hand nav, and choose Azure Active Directory.

In the next steps, you might need the tenant name (or directory name) or the tenant ID (or directory ID). These are presented in the Properties of the Azure Active Directory window respectively as Name and Directory ID

Register the app (WebApp-OpenIDConnect-DotNet)

1. In the Azure Active Directory pane, click on App registrations and choose New application registration.
2. Enter a friendly name for the application, for example 'WebApp-OpenIDConnect-DotNet' and select 'Web app / API' as the Application Type.
3. For the sign-on URL, enter the base URL for the sample. By default, this sample uses https://localhost:44320/.
4. Click Create to create the application.
5. In the succeeding page, Find the Application ID value and record it for later. You'll need it to configure the Visual Studio configuration file for this project.
6. Then click on Settings, and choose Properties.
7. For the App ID URI, replace the guid in the generated URI 'https://<your_tenant_name>/<guid>', with the name of your service, for example, 'https://<your_tenant_name>/WebApp-OpenIDConnect-DotNet' (replacing <your_tenant_name> with the name of your Azure AD tenant)
8. From the Settings | Reply URLs page for your application, update the Reply URL for the application to be https://localhost:44320/
9. Configure Permissions for your application. To that extent, in the Settings menu, choose the 'Required permissions' section and then, click on Add, then Select an API, and type Windows Azure Active Directory in the textbox. Then, click on Select Permissions and select User.Read.

Step 3: Configure the sample to use your Azure AD tenant

In the steps below, "ClientID" is the same as "Application ID" or "AppId".

1. Open the solution in Visual Studio to configure the projects
2. Open the WebApp-OpenIDConnect-DotNet\Web.Config file
3. Find the app key ida:Tenant and replace the existing value with your Azure AD tenant name.
4. Find the app key ida:ClientId and replace the existing value with the application ID (clientId) of the WebApp-OpenIDConnect-DotNet application copied from the Azure portal.
5. If you changed the base URL of the sample, find the app key ida:PostLogoutRedirectUri and replace the value with the new base URL of the sample.

Step 4: Run the sample

Clean the solution, rebuild the solution, and run it.

Click the sign-in link on the homepage of the application to sign in. On the Azure AD sign-in page, enter the name and password of a user account that is in your Azure AD tenant.

About the code

This sample shows how to use the OpenID Connect ASP.Net OWIN middleware to sign in users from a single Azure AD tenant. The middleware is initialized in the Startup.Auth.cs file, by passing it the Client ID of the application and the URL of the Azure AD tenant where the application is registered. The middleware then takes care of:

• Downloading the Azure AD metadata, finding the signing keys, and finding the issuer name for the tenant.
• Processing OpenID Connect sign-in responses by validating the signature and issuer in an incoming JWT, extracting the user's claims, and putting them on ClaimsPrincipal.Current.
• Integrating with the session cookie ASP.Net OWIN middleware to establish a session for the user.

You can trigger the middleware to send an OpenID Connect sign-in request by decorating a class or method with the [Authorize] attribute, or by issuing a challenge,

HttpContext.GetOwinContext().Authentication.Challenge(
  new AuthenticationProperties { RedirectUri = "/" },
  OpenIdConnectAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationType);

Similarly you can send a sign out request,

HttpContext.GetOwinContext().Authentication.SignOut(
  OpenIdConnectAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationType,
  CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationType);

When a user is signed out, they will be redirected to the Post_Logout_Redirect_Uri specified when the OpenID Connect middleware is initialized.

The OpenID Connect & Cookie OWIN middleware in this project is created as a part of the open-source Katana project. You can read more about OWIN here.

How to recreate this sample

1. In Visual Studio, create a new ASP.Net MVC web application with Authentication set to No Authentication.
2. Set SSL Enabled to be True. Note the SSL URL.
3. In the project properties, Web properties, set the Project Url to be the SSL URL.
4. Add the following ASP.Net OWIN middleware NuGets: Microsoft.IdentityModel.Protocol.Extensions, System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt, Microsoft.Owin.Security.OpenIdConnect, Microsoft.Owin.Security.Cookies, Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb.
5. In the App_Start folder, create a class Startup.Auth.cs. You will need to remove .App_Start from the namespace name. Replace the code for the Startup class with the code from the same file of the sample app. Be sure to take the whole class definition! The definition changes from public class Startup to public partial class Startup.
6. In Startup.Auth.cs resolve missing references by adding using statements for Owin, Microsoft.Owin.Security, Microsoft.Owin.Security.Cookies, Microsoft.Owin.Security.OpenIdConnect, System.Configuration, and System.Globalization.
7. Right-click on the project, select Add, select "OWIN Startup class", and name the class "Startup". If "OWIN Startup Class" doesn't appear in the menu, instead select "Class", and in the search box enter "OWIN". "OWIN Startup class" will appear as a selection; select it, and name the class Startup.cs.
8. In Startup.cs, replace the code for the Startup class with the code from the same file of the sample app. Again, note the definition changes from public class Startup to public partial class Startup.
9. In the Views --> Shared folder, create a new partial view _LoginPartial.cshtml. Replace the contents of the file with the contents of the file of the same name from the sample.
10. In the Views --> Shared folder, replace the contents of _Layout.cshtml with the contents of the file of the same name from the sample. Effectively, all this will do is add a single line, @Html.Partial("_LoginPartial"), that lights up the previously added _LoginPartial view.
11. Create a new empty controller called AccountController. Replace the implementation with the contents of the file of the same name from the sample.
12. If you want the user to be required to sign in before they can see any page of the app, then in the HomeController, decorate the HomeController class with the [Authorize] attribute. If you leave this out, the user will be able to see the home page of the app without having to sign in first, and can click the sign-in link on that page to get signed in.
13. Almost done! Follow the steps in "Running This Sample" to register the application in your AAD tenant.
14. In web.config, in <appSettings>, create keys for ida:ClientId, ida:AADInstance, ida:Tenant, and ida:PostLogoutRedirectUri and set the values accordingly. For the global Azure AD, the value of ida:AADInstance is https://login.microsoftonline.com/{0}.

Azure Government Deviations

In order to run this sample on Azure Government, you can follow through the steps above with a few variations:

• Step 2:

• You must register this sample for your AAD Tenant in Azure Government by following Step 2 above in the Azure Government portal.

• Step 3:

  • Before configuring the sample, you must make sure your Visual Studio is connected to Azure Government
  • Navigate to the Web.config file. Replace the ida:AADInstance property in the Azure AD section with https://login.microsoftonline.us/.

Once those changes have been accounted for, you should be able to run this sample on Azure Government

Deploying the sample to Azure

Create and publish the WebApp-OpenIDConnect-DotNet to an Azure Web Site

1. Sign in to the Azure portal.
2. Click Create a resource in the top left-hand corner, select Web + Mobile --> Web App, select the hosting plan and region, and give your web site a name, for example, WebApp-OpenIDConnect-DotNet-contoso.azurewebsites.net. Click Create Web Site.
3. Once the web site is created, click on it to manage it. For this set of steps, download the publish profile by clicking Get publish profile and save it. Other deployment mechanisms, such as from source control, can also be used.
4. Switch to Visual Studio and go to the TodoListService project. Right click on the project in the Solution Explorer and select Publish. Click Import Profile on the bottom bar, and import the publish profile that you downloaded earlier.
5. Click on Settings and in the Connection tab, update the Destination URL so that it is https, for example https://WebApp-OpenIDConnect-DotNet-contoso.azurewebsites.net. Click Next.
6. On the Settings tab, make sure Enable Organizational Authentication is NOT selected. Click Save. Click on Publish on the main screen.
7. Visual Studio will publish the project and automatically open a browser to the URL of the project. If you see the default web page of the project, the publication was successful.

Update the Active Directory tenant application registration for WebApp-OpenIDConnect-DotNet

1. Navigate to the Azure portal.
2. On the top bar, click on your account and under the Directory list, choose the Active Directory tenant containing the WebApp-OpenIDConnect-DotNet application.
3. On the applications tab, select the WebApp-OpenIDConnect-DotNet application.
4. From the Settings -> Reply URLs menu, update the Sign-On URL, and Reply URL fields to the address of your service, for example https://WebApp-OpenIDConnect-DotNet-contoso.azurewebsites.net. Save the configuration.

Community Help and Support

Use Stack Overflow to get support from the community. Ask your questions on Stack Overflow first and browse existing issues to see if someone has asked your question before. Make sure that your questions or comments are tagged with [azure-active-directory].

If you find a bug in the sample, please raise the issue on GitHub Issues.

To provide a recommendation, visit the following User Voice page.

Contributing

If you'd like to contribute to this sample, see CONTRIBUTING.MD.

This project has adopted the Microsoft Open Source Code of Conduct. For more information, see the Code of Conduct FAQ or contact [email protected] with any additional questions or comments.

More information

For more information about how to secure an ASP.NET web app using Azure Active Directory, please see Developing ASP.NET Apps with Azure Active Directory

If you are interested in the same, but for .NET Core, see Azure Active Directory with ASP.NET Core

For more information about how OAuth 2.0 protocols work in this scenario and other scenarios, see Authentication Scenarios for Azure AD.