improve CE image: strip size & install fuse3

[Hexilee]

No description provided.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Patch and project coverage have no change.

Comparison is base (22bfb0f) 38.35% compared to head (0d3b948) 38.35%.
Report is 1 commits behind head on master.

❗ Current head 0d3b948 differs from pull request most recent head 087e6f2. Consider uploading reports for the commit 087e6f2 to get more accurate results

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master     #723   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   38.35%   38.35%           
=======================================
  Files          33       33           
  Lines        4065     4065           
=======================================
  Hits         1559     1559           
  Misses       2359     2359           
  Partials      147      147           

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.