Adds support for structured inputs and for-each rules

.gitignore

@@ -27,6 +27,10 @@ keyvalue.js.tmpl
 #OS X things
 *.DS_Store*
 
+# Jetbrains
+.idea/
+*.iml
+
 node_modules/
 /*.yaml
 /_samples/

pkg/construct/dot.go

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func dotAttributes(r *Resource) map[string]string {
 func dotEdgeAttributes(e ResourceEdge) map[string]string {
 	a := make(map[string]string)
 	_ = e.Source.WalkProperties(func(path PropertyPath, nerr error) error {
-		v := path.Get()
+		v, _ := path.Get()
 		if v == e.Target.ID {
 			a["label"] = path.String()
 			return StopWalk

pkg/construct/graph_update.go

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ func ReplaceResource(g Graph, oldId ResourceId, newRes *Resource) error {
 	}
 
 	updateId := func(path PropertyPathItem) error {
-		itemVal := path.Get()
+		itemVal, _ := path.Get()
 
 		if itemId, ok := itemVal.(ResourceId); ok && itemId == oldId {
 			return path.Set(newRes.ID)
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ func RemoveResource(g Graph, id ResourceId) error {
 	}
 
 	removeId := func(path PropertyPathItem) (bool, error) {
-		itemVal := path.Get()
+		itemVal, _ := path.Get()
 		itemId, ok := itemVal.(ResourceId)
 		if ok && itemId == id {
 			return true, path.Remove(nil)

pkg/construct/properties.go

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 package construct
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/klothoplatform/klotho/pkg/reflectutil"
 	"reflect"
 	"sort"
 	"strconv"
@@ -25,14 +27,22 @@ func (r *Resource) SetProperty(pathStr string, value any) error {
 }
 
 // GetProperty is a wrapper around [PropertyPath.Get] for convenience.
+// It returns PropertyDoesNotExist if the property does not exist.
 func (r *Resource) GetProperty(pathStr string) (any, error) {
 	path, err := r.PropertyPath(pathStr)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	return path.Get(), nil
+	if value, ok := path.Get(); ok {
+		return value, nil
+	}
+	// Backwards compatibility: if the property does not exist, return nil instead of an error.
+	return nil, nil
 }
 
+// PropertyDoesNotExist is returned when a property does not exist.
+var PropertyDoesNotExist = errors.New("property does not exist")
+
 // AppendProperty is a wrapper around [PropertyPath.Append] for convenience.
 func (r *Resource) AppendProperty(pathStr string, value any) error {
 	path, err := r.PropertyPath(pathStr)
@@ -51,6 +61,13 @@ func (r *Resource) RemoveProperty(pathStr string, value any) error {
 	return path.Remove(value)
 }
 
+func (r *Resource) PropertyPath(pathStr string) (PropertyPath, error) {
+	if r.Properties == nil {
+		r.Properties = Properties{}
+	}
+	return r.Properties.PropertyPath(pathStr)
+}
+
 func (p Properties) Equals(other any) (equal bool) {
 	otherProps, ok := other.(Properties)
 	if !ok {
@@ -67,8 +84,8 @@ func (p Properties) Equals(other any) (equal bool) {
 			equal = false
 			return StopWalk
 		}
-		v := path.Get()
-		otherV := otherPath.Get()
+		v, _ := path.Get()
+		otherV, _ := otherPath.Get()
 
 		if v == nil || otherV == nil {
 			equal = v == otherV
@@ -93,9 +110,44 @@ func (p Properties) Equals(other any) (equal bool) {
 	return equal
 }
 
+func (p Properties) SetProperty(pathStr string, value any) error {
+	path, err := p.PropertyPath(pathStr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return path.Set(value)
+}
+
+func (p *Properties) GetProperty(pathStr string) (any, error) {
+	path, err := p.PropertyPath(pathStr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if value, ok := path.Get(); ok {
+		return value, nil
+	}
+	return nil, PropertyDoesNotExist
+}
+
+func (p Properties) AppendProperty(pathStr string, value any) error {
+	path, err := p.PropertyPath(pathStr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return path.Append(value)
+}
+
+func (p Properties) RemoveProperty(pathStr string, value any) error {
+	path, err := p.PropertyPath(pathStr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return path.Remove(value)
+}
+
 type (
 	PropertyPathItem interface {
-		Get() any
+		Get() (value any, ok bool)
 		Set(value any) error
 		Remove(value any) error
 		Append(value any) error
@@ -126,54 +178,10 @@ type (
 	}
 )
 
-func splitPath(path string) []string {
-	var parts []string
-	bracket := 0
-	lastPartIdx := 0
-	for i := 0; i < len(path); i++ {
-		switch path[i] {
-		case '.':
-			if bracket == 0 {
-				if i > lastPartIdx {
-					parts = append(parts, path[lastPartIdx:i])
-				}
-				lastPartIdx = i
-			}
-
-		case '[':
-			if bracket == 0 {
-				if i > lastPartIdx {
-					parts = append(parts, path[lastPartIdx:i])
-				}
-				lastPartIdx = i
-			}
-			bracket++
-
-		case ']':
-			bracket--
-			if bracket == 0 {
-				parts = append(parts, path[lastPartIdx:i+1])
-				lastPartIdx = i + 1
-			}
-		}
-		if i == len(path)-1 && lastPartIdx <= i {
-			parts = append(parts, path[lastPartIdx:])
-		}
-	}
-	return parts
-}
-
-func (r *Resource) PropertyPath(pathStr string) (PropertyPath, error) {
-	if r.Properties == nil {
-		r.Properties = Properties{}
-	}
-	return r.Properties.PropertyPath(pathStr)
-}
-
 // PropertyPath interprets a string path to index (potentially deeply) into [Resource.Properties]
 // which can be used to get, set, append, or remove values.
 func (p Properties) PropertyPath(pathStr string) (PropertyPath, error) {
-	pathParts := splitPath(pathStr)
+	pathParts := reflectutil.SplitPath(pathStr)
 	if len(pathParts) == 0 {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("empty path")
 	}
@@ -512,15 +520,15 @@ func (i *mapValuePathItem) Remove(value any) (err error) {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (i *mapValuePathItem) Get() any {
+func (i *mapValuePathItem) Get() (any, bool) {
 	if !i.m.IsValid() {
-		return nil
+		return nil, false
 	}
 	v := i.m.MapIndex(i.key)
 	if !v.IsValid() {
-		return nil
+		return nil, false
 	}
-	return v.Interface()
+	return v.Interface(), true
 }
 
 func (i *mapValuePathItem) parent() PropertyPathItem {
@@ -531,8 +539,8 @@ func (i *mapValuePathItem) Key() PropertyPathItem {
 	return (*mapKeyPathItem)(i)
 }
 
-func (i *mapKeyPathItem) Get() any {
-	return i.key.Interface()
+func (i *mapKeyPathItem) Get() (any, bool) {
+	return i.key.Interface(), true
 }
 
 func (i *mapKeyPathItem) Set(value any) (err error) {
@@ -605,8 +613,14 @@ func (i *arrayIndexPathItem) Remove(value any) (err error) {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (i *arrayIndexPathItem) Get() any {
-	return i.a.Index(i.index).Interface()
+func (i *arrayIndexPathItem) Get() (any, bool) {
+	if !i.a.IsValid() || !reflectutil.IsAnyOf(reflectutil.GetConcreteElement(i.a), reflect.Slice, reflect.Array) {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	if i.a.Len() <= i.index {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return i.a.Index(i.index).Interface(), true
 }
 
 func (i *arrayIndexPathItem) parent() PropertyPathItem {
@@ -631,7 +645,7 @@ func (i PropertyPath) Remove(value any) error {
 }
 
 // Get returns the value at this path item.
-func (i PropertyPath) Get() any {
+func (i PropertyPath) Get() (any, bool) {
 	return i[len(i)-1].Get()
 }
 
@@ -733,7 +747,11 @@ func (p Properties) WalkProperties(fn WalkPropertiesFunc) error {
 		}
 
 		added := make(set.Set[string])
-		v := reflect.ValueOf(current.Get())
+		rv, ok := current.Get()
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		v := reflect.ValueOf(rv)
 		switch v.Kind() {
 		case reflect.Map:
 			keys, err := mapKeys(v)