✨ Add all ManagedMachineAMITypes supported by AWS API

[afarbos]

What type of PR is this?

/kind feature
/kind api-change

What this PR does / why we need it:

Heavily inspired from #5472

Adding support for ALL EKS Managed Node Group AMIs currently supported in order.
List originates from CreateNodeGroup API docs.

Which issue(s) this PR fixes (optional, in fixes #<issue number>(, fixes #<issue_number>, ...) format, will close the issue(s) when PR gets merged):
Fixes #2009 by adding support for BottleRocket

Special notes for your reviewer:

Checklist:

• squashed commits
• includes documentation
• includes emoji in title
• adds unit tests
• adds or updates e2e tests

Release note:

Adding Support for BottleRocket, AL2023 and Windows AMIs

[k8s-ci-robot]

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[k8s-ci-robot]

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[k8s-ci-robot]

Hi @afarbos. Thanks for your PR.

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[AndiDog]

/ok-to-test

[AndiDog]

/test pull-cluster-api-provider-aws-e2e-eks