[10.x] Add upsertUsing method to query builder

[nikazooz]

Currently we have upsert method for operations where we want to insert new records and update existing ones based on some unique identifier. upsert, similarly to insert, uses provided array of values to insert and update the table.

To insert using a subquery as source of data instead of an array we have insertUsing method. So, in a similar fashion, upsertUsing method that this PR is adding, uses a subquery as source of data to perform "upsert".

I can get something like this for my projects using macros, but I thought that it could be useful to others, hence this PR.

There are no breaking changes, only new functionality.

If there's something to improve before this PR can be accepted, please let me know and I'll make the changes.

Cheers!

[taylorotwell]

Tried using it on a real SQLite database - failed with invalid syntax:

SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1 near "do": syntax error (Connection: sqlite, SQL: insert into "flights" ("origin", "destination", "duration") select "origin", "destination", "duration" from "old_flights" on conflict ("origin", "destination") do update set "duration" = "excluded"."duration")

DB::table('flights')->upsertUsing(['origin', 'destination', 'duration'], function ($query) {
    $query->select(['origin', 'destination', 'duration'])
        ->from('old_flights');
}, ['origin', 'destination'], ['duration']);

Mark as ready for review if you want me to look again.

[nikazooz]

Found the problem described in the documentation under "2.2. Parsing Ambiguity".

[taylorotwell]

But it raises questions in my mind of what this has actually been tested against if the most basic example didn't work? 😅

[nikazooz]

Good point. Somehow I forgot to test against SQLite, but tested against other databases (even MS SQL Server which I haven't used before). I'm now finding out about a limitation with SQL server if f.e. "ORDER BY" is to be used, subquery also needs to contain "OFFSET". I'll convert to draft and mark ready for review once the changes are done.

[driesvints]

Please send this to 11.x instead, thanks.