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@tnull tnull commented Sep 5, 2025

This is the second PR in a series of PRs adding persistence to lightning-liquidity (see #4058). As this is already >1000LoC, I now decided to put this up as an intermediary step instead of adding everything in one go.

In this PR we add the serialization logic for for the LSPS2 and LSPS5 service handlers as well as for the event queue. We also have LiquidityManager take a KVStore towards which it persists the respective peer states keyed by the counterparty's node id. LiquidityManager::new now also deserializes any previously-persisted state from that given KVStore.

We then have BackgroundProcessor drive persistence, skip persistence for unchanged LSPS2/LSPS5 PeerStates, and use async inline persistence for LSPS2ServiceHandler where needed.

This also adds a bunch of boilerplate to account for both KVStore and KVStoreSync variants, following the approach we previously took with OutputSweeper etc.

cc @martinsaposnic

@tnull tnull requested a review from TheBlueMatt September 5, 2025 14:31
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@tnull tnull force-pushed the 2025-01-liquidity-persistence branch 2 times, most recently from 124211d to 26f3ce3 Compare September 5, 2025 14:41
@tnull tnull self-assigned this Sep 5, 2025
@tnull tnull added the weekly goal Someone wants to land this this week label Sep 5, 2025
@tnull tnull added this to the 0.2 milestone Sep 5, 2025
@tnull tnull moved this to Goal: Merge in Weekly Goals Sep 5, 2025
@tnull tnull force-pushed the 2025-01-liquidity-persistence branch 4 times, most recently from a98dff6 to d630c4e Compare September 5, 2025 14:58
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codecov bot commented Sep 5, 2025

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 53.93013% with 422 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 88.09%. Comparing base (5ae19b4) to head (9cdf6c9).

Files with missing lines Patch % Lines
lightning-liquidity/src/lsps2/service.rs 46.85% 145 Missing and 7 partials ⚠️
lightning-liquidity/src/manager.rs 73.81% 55 Missing and 6 partials ⚠️
lightning-liquidity/src/persist.rs 47.12% 41 Missing and 5 partials ⚠️
lightning-liquidity/src/events/event_queue.rs 58.49% 44 Missing ⚠️
lightning-liquidity/src/lsps5/service.rs 34.84% 43 Missing ⚠️
lightning-liquidity/src/events/mod.rs 0.00% 28 Missing ⚠️
lightning-liquidity/src/lsps5/msgs.rs 0.00% 16 Missing ⚠️
lightning-liquidity/src/lsps0/ser.rs 53.57% 10 Missing and 3 partials ⚠️
lightning-background-processor/src/lib.rs 71.87% 7 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
lightning-liquidity/src/lsps5/url_utils.rs 33.33% 8 Missing ⚠️
... and 1 more
Additional details and impacted files
@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #4059      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   88.33%   88.09%   -0.24%     
==========================================
  Files         177      179       +2     
  Lines      131896   132736     +840     
  Branches   131896   132736     +840     
==========================================
+ Hits       116512   116938     +426     
- Misses      12728    13116     +388     
- Partials     2656     2682      +26     
Flag Coverage Δ
fuzzing 22.04% <26.02%> (+0.42%) ⬆️
tests 87.93% <53.38%> (-0.25%) ⬇️

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@tnull tnull force-pushed the 2025-01-liquidity-persistence branch from d630c4e to 70118e7 Compare September 5, 2025 15:15
@tnull tnull force-pushed the 2025-01-liquidity-persistence branch from 70118e7 to dd43edc Compare September 5, 2025 15:28
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this all LGTM.

I have a small concern: maybe I’m being a little paranoid, but read_lsps2_service_peer_states and read_lsps5_service_peer_states pull every entry from the KVStore into memory with no limit. That could lead to unbounded state, exhausting memory and crash. Maybe we can add a limit on how many entries we load into memory to protect against this dos?

not sure how realistic this is though. maybe an attacker could have access to or share the same storage with the victim, and they could dump effectively infinite data onto disk. in this scenario, probably the victim would be vulnerable to other attacks too, but still..

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tnull commented Sep 5, 2025

I have a small concern: maybe I’m being a little paranoid, but read_lsps2_service_peer_states and read_lsps5_service_peer_states pull every entry from the KVStore into memory with no limit. That could lead to unbounded state, exhausting memory and crash. Maybe we can add a limit on how many entries we load into memory to protect against this dos?

Reading state from disk (currently) happens on startup only, so crashing wouldn't be the worst thing, we would simply fail to start up properly. Some even argue that we need to panic if we hit any IO errors at this point to escalate to an operator. We could add some safeguard/upper bound, but I'm honestly not sure what it would protect against.

not sure how realistic this is though. maybe an attacker could have access to or share the same storage with the victim, and they could dump effectively infinite data onto disk. in this scenario, probably the victim would be vulnerable to other attacks too, but still..

Heh, well, if we assume the attacker has write access to our KVStore, we're very very screwed either way. Crashing could be the favorable outcome then, actually.

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@tnull tnull force-pushed the 2025-01-liquidity-persistence branch from dd43edc to f73146b Compare September 8, 2025 07:37
@@ -45,6 +46,10 @@ pub struct LSPS2GetInfoRequest {
pub token: Option<String>,
}

impl_writeable_tlv_based!(LSPS2GetInfoRequest, {
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Do we really want to have two ways to serialize all these types? Wouldn't it make more sense to just use the serde serialization we already have and wrap that so that it can't all be misused?

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Yes, I think I'd be in favor of using TLV serialization for our own persistence.

Note that the compat guarantees of LSPS0/the JSON/serde format might not exactly match what we require in LDK, and our Rust representation might also diverge from the pure JSON impl. On top of that JSON is of course much less efficient.

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Hmm, is there some easy way to avoid exposing that in the public API, then? Maybe a wrapper struct oe extension trait for serialization somehow? Seems like kinda a footgun for users, I think?

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Hmm, is there some easy way to avoid exposing that in the public API, then? Maybe a wrapper struct oe extension trait for serialization somehow? Seems like kinda a footgun for users, I think?

Not quite sure I understand the footgun? You mean because these types then have Writeable as well as Serialize implementations on them and users might wrongly pick Writeable when they use the types independently from/outside of lightning-liquidity?

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Sure, for example. Someone who uses serde presumably has some wrapper that serde-writes Writeable structs and suddenly their code could read/compile totally fine and be reading the wrong kind of thing. If they have some less-used codepaths (eg writing Events before they process them and then removing them again after) they might not find immediately.

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Sure, for example. Someone who uses serde presumably has some wrapper that serde-writes Writeable structs and suddenly their code could read/compile totally fine and be reading the wrong kind of thing.

I'm confused - Writeable is an LDK concept not connected to serde? Do you mean Serialize? But that also has completely separate API? So how would they trip up? You mean they'd confuse Writeable and Serialize?

) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = Result<(), lightning::io::Error>> + Send>> {
let outer_state_lock = self.per_peer_state.read().unwrap();
let mut futures = Vec::new();
for (counterparty_node_id, peer_state) in outer_state_lock.iter() {
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Huh? Why would we ever want to do a single huge persist pass and write every peer's state at once? Shouldn't we be doing this iteratively? Same applies in the LSPS2 service.

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Yes, only persisting what's needed/changed will be part of the next PR as it ties into how we wake the BP to drive persistence (cf. "Avoid re-persisting peer states if no changes happened (needs_persist flag everywhere)" bullet over at #4058 (comment)).

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I'm confused why we're adding this method then? If its going to be removed in the next PR in the series we should just not add it in the first place.

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No, it's not gonna be removed, but extended: PeerState (here as well as in LSPS2) will gain a dirty/needs_persist flag and we'd simply skip persisting any entries that haven't been changed since the last persistence round.

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That seems like a weird design if we need to persist something immediately while its being operated on - we have the node in question why walk a whole peer list? Can you put up the followup code so we can see how its going to be used? Given this PR is mostly boilerplate I honestly wouldn't mind it being a bit bigger, as long as the code isn't too crazy.

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That seems like a weird design if we need to persist something immediately while its being operated on - we have the node in question why walk a whole peer list?

Yes, this is why persist_peer_state is a separate method - for inline persistence where we already hold the lock to the peer state we'd just call that. For the general/eventual persistence the background processor task calls LiquidityManager::persist which calls through to the respective LSPS*ServiceHandler::persist methods which then only persists the entries marked dirty since the last persistence round.

Can you put up the followup code so we can see how its going to be used? Given this PR is mostly boilerplate I honestly wouldn't mind it being a bit bigger, as long as the code isn't too crazy.

Sure will do as soon as it's ready an in a coherent state, although I had hoped to land this PR this week.

@tnull tnull force-pushed the 2025-01-liquidity-persistence branch from f73146b to 2971982 Compare September 9, 2025 07:35
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tnull commented Sep 9, 2025

Rebased to address minor conflict.

@tnull tnull requested a review from TheBlueMatt September 10, 2025 07:22
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Responded to the outstanding comments, not quite sure I fully get all the rationale here.

@tnull tnull requested a review from TheBlueMatt September 10, 2025 12:41
@tnull tnull requested a review from TheBlueMatt September 11, 2025 13:00
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tnull commented Sep 15, 2025

Excuse the delay here, got a bit side-tracked with other things end of last week. Given that the feedback was in favor of a single mega-PR, I'm now working to finish everything up and adding the remaining tasks of #4058 to this PR.

@tnull tnull removed the request for review from TheBlueMatt September 15, 2025 14:40
We add `KVStore` to `LiquidityManager`, which will be used in the next
commits. We also add a `LiquidityManagerSync` wrapper that wraps a the
`LiquidityManager` interface which will soon become async due to usage
of the async `KVStore`.
.. this is likely only temporary necessary as we can drop our own
`dummy_waker` implementation once we bump MSRV.
We add simple `persist` call to `LSPS2ServiceHandler` that sequentially
persist all the peer states under a key that encodes their node id.
We add simple `persist` call to `LSPS5ServiceHandler` that sequentially
persist all the peer states under a key that encodes their node id.
We add simple `persist` call to `EventQueue` that persists it under a
`event_queue` key.
We read any previously-persisted state upon construction of
`LiquidityManager`.
We read any previously-persisted state upon construction of
`LiquidityManager`.
We read any previously-persisted state upon construction of
`LiquidityManager`.
We let the background processor task regularly call
`LiquidityManger::persist`. We also change the semantics of the `Future`
for waking the background processor to also be used when we need
repersisting (which we'll do in the next commit).
.. we only persist the event queue if necessary and wake the BP to do so
when something changes.
.. we only persist the service handler if necessary.
@tnull tnull force-pushed the 2025-01-liquidity-persistence branch from 0367a27 to 849c857 Compare September 16, 2025 12:06
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tnull commented Sep 16, 2025

Alright, now updated to:

  1. Have BP drive general persistence
  2. Skip persistence of EventQueue as well as LSPS2/5 PeerStates if nothing changed
  3. Use async inline persistence in LSPS2ServiceHandler API methods. To this end we also introduce an LSPS2ServiceHandlerSync wrapper to offer a sync-wrapped API.

The ~only thing left is end-to-end test coverage for persistence which I intend to add (here or in a follow-up) in the coming days.

I also opened two new issues for larger refactorings we should do some time after this lands (#4073/#4074).

.. to allow access in a non-async context
@tnull tnull force-pushed the 2025-01-liquidity-persistence branch 3 times, most recently from d61c297 to 9c3ea4f Compare September 16, 2025 12:27
.. and wrap them accordingly for the `LSPS2ServiceHandlerSync` variant.
.. we only persist the service handler if necessary.
@tnull tnull force-pushed the 2025-01-liquidity-persistence branch from 9c3ea4f to 9cdf6c9 Compare September 16, 2025 12:38
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