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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
|---|---|---|
| @@ -1,180 +1,180 @@ | ||
| # can-j1939 kernel module installation # | ||
|
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||
|
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||
| ### Problem | ||
|
|
||
| You already have **can0** or **vcan0** up and working, **can-utils** downloaded and compiled to **~/can/can-utils** and you can send and receive frames without problems. However, when you want to bring up **can-j1939** you get error like this: | ||
|
|
||
| ```bash | ||
| avra@vm-debian:~/can/can-utils$ sudo modprobe can-j1939 | ||
| modprobe: FATAL: Module can-j1939 not found in directory /lib/modules/5.7.0.0.bpo.2-amd64 | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| and also this: | ||
|
|
||
| ```bash | ||
| avra@vm-debian:~/can/can-utils$ testj1939 | ||
| testj1939: socket(j1939): Protocol not supported | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| ### Solution | ||
|
|
||
| Above errors mean that **can-j1939** was not enabled in your kernel and you need to compile it manually. There are several ways to do it. Any Linux kernel since 5.4 has **can-j1939** module, but you will probably want to install fresher version, which leads to downloading kernel sources, enabling **can-j1939** module, recompiling kernel and installing it. I will be using Debian 10.5 x64 (buster testing) virtual machine. | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| #### 1. Download kernel source #### | ||
|
|
||
| We will download Debian patched kernel 5.8. First update your sources | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| avra@vm-debian:~$ sudo apt update | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| and then look at available Debian patched kernel source packages | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| avra@vm-debian:~$ apt-cache search linux-source | ||
| linux-source-4.19 - Linux kernel source for version 4.19 with Debian patches | ||
| linux-source - Linux kernel source (meta-package) | ||
| linux-source-5.4 - Linux kernel source for version 5.4 with Debian patches | ||
| linux-source-5.5 - Linux kernel source for version 5.5 with Debian patches | ||
| linux-source-5.6 - Linux kernel source for version 5.6 with Debian patches | ||
| linux-source-5.7 - Linux kernel source for version 5.7 with Debian patches | ||
| linux-source-5.8 - Linux kernel source for version 5.8 with Debian patches | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| If kernel 5.8 does not show in your linux-sources list (it shows above in mine since I have already upgraded stock 4.19 kernel to backported 5.7), then you will need to add backports to your sources list. It is best to do it like this | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| echo 'deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports main contrib' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian-backports.list | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| Alternatively, or in case you have problems with installation of some packages, or you just want to have everything in a single list, here is what my **/etc/apt/sources.list** looks like (you will need to append at least last line to yours) | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib | ||
| deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib | ||
| deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free | ||
| deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free | ||
| deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports main contrib | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| After adding backports in one way or another, try **sudo apt update** again, and after that **apt-cache search linux-source** should show kernel 5.8 in the list, so you can install it's source package | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| sudo apt install linux-source-5.8 | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| and unpack it | ||
| ``` | ||
| avra@vm-debian:~$ cd /usr/src | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src$ sudo tar -xaf linux-source-5.8.tar.xz | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src$ cd linux-source-5.8 | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| #### 2. Add can-j1939 module to kernel #### | ||
|
|
||
| First we need some packages for **menuconfig** | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| sudo apt-get install libncurses5 libncurses5-dev | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| copy and use our old configuration to run **menuconfig** | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo cp /boot/config-$(uname -r) .config | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make menuconfig | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| where we enable SAE J1939 kernel module as shown | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| - Networking Support | ||
| - Can bus subsystem support | ||
| - <M> SAE J1939 | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| Now edit **/usr/src/linux-source-5.8/.config**, find CONFIG_SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS, change it as following | ||
| ``` | ||
| CONFIG_SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS="" | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| and save the file. | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| #### 3. Compile and install kernel and modules | ||
|
|
||
| We will have to download necessary packages | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| sudo apt install build-essential libssl-dev libelf-dev bison flex | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| compile kernel (using threads to make it faster) | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make -j $(nproc) | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| install | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make modules_install | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make install | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| and update grub | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo update-grub | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo reboot | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| Check if installation is correct with | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| sudo modprobe can-j1939 | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| and if you get no error then you can enjoy **can-j1939**. If you get some error then you might check if this alternative command works: | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| sudo insmod /lib/modules/5.8.10/kernel/net/can/j1939/can-j1939.ko | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| If it does then all you need to do is | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| sudo depmod -av | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| reboot once, and **modprobe** command from the above should finally work. | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| #### 4. Install headers if needed | ||
|
|
||
| You might have a problem with headers not being updated. To check that open file **/usr/include/linux/can.h** with | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| nano /usr/include/linux/can.h | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| If in the struct **sockaddr_can** you don’t see **j1939**, then header files did not upgrade and you need to do it manually | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| sudo cp /usr/src/linux-source-5.8/include/uapi/linux/can.h /usr/include/linux/can.h | ||
| sudo cp /usr/src/linux-source-5.8/include/uapi/linux/can/j1939.h /usr/include/linux/can/ | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| That is the minimum for compiling some **J1939** C code, but you might want to upgrade other header files as well. That's up to you. Enjoy! | ||
| # can-j1939 kernel module installation # | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| ### Problem | ||
|
|
||
| You already have **can0** or **vcan0** up and working, **can-utils** downloaded and compiled to **~/can/can-utils** and you can send and receive frames without problems. However, when you want to bring up **can-j1939** you get error like this: | ||
|
|
||
| ```bash | ||
| avra@vm-debian:~/can/can-utils$ sudo modprobe can-j1939 | ||
| modprobe: FATAL: Module can-j1939 not found in directory /lib/modules/5.7.0.0.bpo.2-amd64 | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| and also this: | ||
|
|
||
| ```bash | ||
| avra@vm-debian:~/can/can-utils$ testj1939 | ||
| testj1939: socket(j1939): Protocol not supported | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| ### Solution | ||
|
|
||
| Above errors mean that **can-j1939** was not enabled in your kernel and you need to compile it manually. There are several ways to do it. Any Linux kernel since 5.4 has **can-j1939** module, but you will probably want to install fresher version, which leads to downloading kernel sources, enabling **can-j1939** module, recompiling kernel and installing it. I will be using Debian 10.5 x64 (buster testing) virtual machine. | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| #### 1. Download kernel source #### | ||
|
|
||
| We will download Debian patched kernel 5.8. First update your sources | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| avra@vm-debian:~$ sudo apt update | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| and then look at available Debian patched kernel source packages | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| avra@vm-debian:~$ apt-cache search linux-source | ||
| linux-source-4.19 - Linux kernel source for version 4.19 with Debian patches | ||
| linux-source - Linux kernel source (meta-package) | ||
| linux-source-5.4 - Linux kernel source for version 5.4 with Debian patches | ||
| linux-source-5.5 - Linux kernel source for version 5.5 with Debian patches | ||
| linux-source-5.6 - Linux kernel source for version 5.6 with Debian patches | ||
| linux-source-5.7 - Linux kernel source for version 5.7 with Debian patches | ||
| linux-source-5.8 - Linux kernel source for version 5.8 with Debian patches | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| If kernel 5.8 does not show in your linux-sources list (it shows above in mine since I have already upgraded stock 4.19 kernel to backported 5.7), then you will need to add backports to your sources list. It is best to do it like this | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| echo 'deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports main contrib' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian-backports.list | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| Alternatively, or in case you have problems with installation of some packages, or you just want to have everything in a single list, here is what my **/etc/apt/sources.list** looks like (you will need to append at least last line to yours) | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib | ||
| deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib | ||
| deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free | ||
| deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free | ||
| deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports main contrib | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| After adding backports in one way or another, try **sudo apt update** again, and after that **apt-cache search linux-source** should show kernel 5.8 in the list, so you can install it's source package | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| sudo apt install linux-source-5.8 | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| and unpack it | ||
| ``` | ||
| avra@vm-debian:~$ cd /usr/src | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src$ sudo tar -xaf linux-source-5.8.tar.xz | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src$ cd linux-source-5.8 | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| #### 2. Add can-j1939 module to kernel #### | ||
|
|
||
| First we need some packages for **menuconfig** | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| sudo apt-get install libncurses5 libncurses5-dev | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| copy and use our old configuration to run **menuconfig** | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo cp /boot/config-$(uname -r) .config | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make menuconfig | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| where we enable SAE J1939 kernel module as shown | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| - Networking Support | ||
| - Can bus subsystem support | ||
| - <M> SAE J1939 | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| Now edit **/usr/src/linux-source-5.8/.config**, find CONFIG_SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS, change it as following | ||
| ``` | ||
| CONFIG_SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS="" | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| and save the file. | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| #### 3. Compile and install kernel and modules | ||
|
|
||
| We will have to download necessary packages | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| sudo apt install build-essential libssl-dev libelf-dev bison flex | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| compile kernel (using threads to make it faster) | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make -j $(nproc) | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| install | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make modules_install | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo make install | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| and update grub | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo update-grub | ||
| avra@vm-debian:/usr/src/linux-source-5.8$ sudo reboot | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| Check if installation is correct with | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| sudo modprobe can-j1939 | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| and if you get no error then you can enjoy **can-j1939**. If you get some error then you might check if this alternative command works: | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| sudo insmod /lib/modules/5.8.10/kernel/net/can/j1939/can-j1939.ko | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| If it does then all you need to do is | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| sudo depmod -av | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| reboot once, and **modprobe** command from the above should finally work. | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| #### 4. Install headers if needed | ||
|
|
||
| You might have a problem with headers not being updated. To check that open file **/usr/include/linux/can.h** with | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| nano /usr/include/linux/can.h | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| If in the struct **sockaddr_can** you don’t see **j1939**, then header files did not upgrade and you need to do it manually | ||
|
|
||
| ``` | ||
| sudo cp /usr/src/linux-source-5.8/include/uapi/linux/can.h /usr/include/linux/can.h | ||
| sudo cp /usr/src/linux-source-5.8/include/uapi/linux/can/j1939.h /usr/include/linux/can/ | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| That is the minimum for compiling some **J1939** C code, but you might want to upgrade other header files as well. That's up to you. Enjoy! |