[CI] [debian] Containerize testing of standalone #603

Job	Run time
docker-master	1h 27m 15s
publish-standalone-dry-run	18s
test-standalone (master, dev, default)	53s
build-js-of-ocaml (master, 4.11.1)	15m 55s
build-wasm-of-ocaml (master, 4.14.1)	2h 30m 14s
generated-files (master)	26m 39s
standalone-haskell (master)	45m 17s
test-amd64	2h 25m 2s
validate-docker-master	2m 32s
deploy-js-wasm-of-ocaml	42s
docker-check-all	7s
	7h 54m 54s

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