[WIP] Move CI infrastructure to GitHub Actions

[JCGoran]

According to https://github.com/orgs/community/discussions/70492#discussioncomment-7362186, public repositories have unlimited free minutes, with a time limit for each job of about 6 hours, which should be plenty for our use-case.

Since the external CIs were used for building wheels on various platforms, we now build the following wheels with GitHub Actions:

• MacOS, x86_64 and arm64 (new, used to be manual), with Python versions 3.9 to 3.13
• manylinux, x86_64 and aarch64, with Python versions 3.9 to 3.13

Supersedes #3213.

Would close #2359.

TODO list (not exhaustive):

• add upload step for both nightly (automatic on schedule) and release (manual)
• add MPT headers (do we need this?)
• disable azure-pipelines comment bot (should probably be done after this PR is merged)
• make the corresponding changes to:
  • nrn-modeldb-ci (see Add option to test artifacts from GitHub Actions nrn-modeldb-ci#142)
  • nrn-build-ci (see Add option to test artifacts from GitHub Actions nrn-build-ci#80)
• update docs
• update issue templates
• assess how difficult is it to backport to older releases (notably 8.2); see Backport #3321 to 8.2 release #3329 for progress (UPDATE: it's not necessary to backport the CI, only the documentation would require updating)
• remove azure pipeline as a required pipeline
• remove circleCI as a pipeline in general
• (optional) add GHA comment bot (note that the URL can be pasted into the various CIs we use, and a browser where one is logged in, but one cannot directly download the artifact using wget or curl without auth. To do this with a CLI tool, see here)
• make the wheels that do not have custom versions default to using -nightly tag and correct version (see here for how setuptools-scm does that)
• replace get-last-azure-url job in external.yml with get-last-artifact-url, and update the other ones to make it work with a GitHub comment

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 67.08%. Comparing base (b17d872) to head (832f5f3).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master    #3321   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   67.08%   67.08%           
=======================================
  Files         571      571           
  Lines      111044   111044           
=======================================
  Hits        74489    74489           
  Misses      36555    36555           

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[azure-pipelines]

✔️ 6b49704 -> Azure artifacts URL

[github-actions]

✔️ accacd9 -> artifacts URL

[azure-pipelines]

✔️ accacd9 -> Azure artifacts URL

[github-actions]

✔️ 1cc77d6 -> artifacts URL

[azure-pipelines]

✔️ 1cc77d6 -> Azure artifacts URL

[github-actions]

✔️ c5144ef -> artifacts URL

[azure-pipelines]

✔️ c5144ef -> Azure artifacts URL

[github-actions]

✔️ 5a28a75 -> artifacts URL

[github-actions]

✔️ c5190a0 -> artifacts URL

[github-actions]

✔️ 5a00cab -> artifacts URL

[azure-pipelines]

✔️ 5a00cab -> Azure artifacts URL

[github-actions]

✔️ d4b2129 -> artifacts URL

[azure-pipelines]

✔️ d4b2129 -> Azure artifacts URL

[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud

[github-actions]

✔️ 832f5f3 -> artifacts URL