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# Nightscout for clinicians | ||
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</br> | ||
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```{tip} | ||
Unless specified, links within the text are for advanced explanation of the underlying mechanisms but don't necessarily add value for clinicians use of Nightscout. | ||
``` | ||
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## What is Nightscout? | ||
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Nightscout is an open-source cloud application used to visualize, store and share in real-time: | ||
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- data from continuous glucose monitoring sensors | ||
- manually or automatically logged treatments | ||
- basal rates from pumps (optional) | ||
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</br> | ||
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## How can I access patient data? | ||
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Your patient should share a unique web URL with you, it will look like `https://name.domain.ext`. | ||
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Since the URL is open for viewing to anybody having internet access to it, patients or caregivers can decide to make the access [secure](/nightscout/security.md#how-to-turn-off-unauthorized-access) and will share a [tokened](/nightscout/security.md#create-authentication-tokens-for-users) read-only access URL looking like `https://name.domain.ext?token=clinic-48aed625abb0ec86`. | ||
You need to use the full URL provided to access your patient Nightscout site. | ||
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Any device connected to the internet can be used to visualize patient data. | ||
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```{admonition} Cannot access patient URL | ||
:class: tip | ||
Should you experience issues to access the Nightscout site, check with your IT team if the domain used by your patient is not blocked by a local internet safety rule. Many patients or caregivers who build their own Nightscout site rely on platforms as a service or free DNS providers that can get classified as unsafe by cybersecurity systems.</br> | ||
Ask your IT and cybersecurity teams to perform all necessary verifications to allow access to your patient site: Nightscout itself is safe for infrastructures, it doesn't contain any sort of cyberthread or malware. | ||
``` | ||
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Since Nightscout can be hosted in a large variety of [platforms](/nightscout/new_user.md#building-nightscout-diy-in-a-cloud-platform), you can expect the site domain to be (but not only) in the following list: | ||
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`heroku.com`, `azurewebsites.net`, `railway.app`, `fly.dev`, `onrender.com`, `t1pal.com`, `ns10be.de`, `nightscout.pro`, `mooo.com`, `chickenkiller.com`, `crabdance.com`, `strangled.net`, ` code.run` ... | ||
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```{admonition} Read only access | ||
Writing data into Nightscout is protected with a password called API_SECRET that should not be shared with you by the patient. | ||
``` | ||
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</br> | ||
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## What should I see when I open a Nightscout site? | ||
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What will display should be similar to this: | ||
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![Nightscout](/images/nightscout_screenshot_600.png) | ||
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If you see this, it means your patient forgot to send you the link with a read-only token: | ||
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<img src="/nightscout/img/Admin02.png" width="600px" /> | ||
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</br> | ||
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## Next steps: | ||
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Follow the links below. | ||
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- [Setup the main view](setup) to add or view all available information. | ||
- [Generate reports](reports). |
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# Nightscout reports | ||
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Access reports from the drawer menu, | ||
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<img src="/clinicians/img/Clinic14.png" width="300px" /> | ||
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</br> | ||
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## View profiles | ||
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Profiles view gives important information on the patient therapy parameters. | ||
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Select profiles then SHOW (no additional setup is necessary). | ||
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<img src="/clinicians/img/Clinic20.png" width="100px" /> | ||
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Patients profile(s) will display. | ||
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<img src="/clinicians/img/Clinic19.png" width="250px" /> | ||
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DIA is the duration of the [insulin action](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4454113/). | ||
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Carbs absorption rate is [complex](https://diyps.org/2014/05/29/determining-your-carbohydrate-absorption-rate-diyps-lessons-learned/) to calculate for patients and can be undefined (or zero) if the DIY system doesn't update the value (when existing). | ||
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Insulin to Carbs ratio (IC) and Insulin Sensitivity Factor (ISF) can be defined by time periods. Only one visible value means whole day. | ||
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Basal rates should match the pump settings. | ||
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</br> | ||
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## Select a report | ||
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Select the report type: | ||
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<img src="/clinicians/img/Clinic15.png" width="700px" /> | ||
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- `Day to day` | ||
- `Week to week` | ||
- `Daily Stats` | ||
- `Distribution` | ||
- `Hourly stats` | ||
- `Percentile Chart` | ||
- `Weekly Distribution` | ||
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</br> | ||
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## Setup the report | ||
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Select the period used to analyze data. | ||
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Enable the check box and either select `From:` and `To: `dates to define the interval | ||
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<img src="/clinicians/img/Clinic16.png" width="350px" /> | ||
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or: | ||
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<img src="/clinicians/img/Clinic17.png" width="600px" /> | ||
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- `Today` | ||
- `Last 2 days` | ||
- `Last 3 days`, | ||
- `Last week` | ||
- `Last 2 weeks` | ||
- `Last Month` | ||
- `Last 3 months` | ||
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Avoid selecting too long periods of time for daily reports. | ||
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</br> | ||
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Unless looking for specific `Notes` or `Event type` leave the checkboxes disabled. | ||
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<img src="/clinicians/img/Clinic18.png" width="300px" /> | ||
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</br> | ||
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You can select which week days to use. | ||
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<img src="/nightscout/img/Reports03.png" width="300px" /> | ||
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</br> | ||
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Confirm `Target BT range` `bottom` and `top` for TIR (or TITR) and graph range lines. | ||
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You can sort the report from older to newer or newer first. | ||
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<img src="/clinicians/img/Clinic24.png" width="500px" /> | ||
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</br> | ||
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Click `SHOW` and wait for data to load and rendering to complete. This might take some time if the period is long (this will also depend on the Nightscout host engine). | ||
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<img src="/nightscout/img/Reports05.png" width="300px" /> | ||
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</br> | ||
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## Day To day | ||
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This report will show BG, day by day, including selected treatments. | ||
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<img src="/clinicians/img/Clinic21.png" width="700px" /> | ||
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<img src="/clinicians/img/Clinic22.png" width="700px" /> | ||
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Enable insulin, carbs and basal rate to have consistent insulin distribution information. | ||
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<img src="/clinicians/img/Clinic23.png" width="250px" /> | ||
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</br> | ||
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When changing selections, click again `SHOW` to update the view. | ||
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</br> | ||
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## Week to Week | ||
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This report will give a week by week spaghetti view, with color code for week days selected. | ||
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<img src="/nightscout/img/Reports10.png" width="800px" /> | ||
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</br> | ||
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## Daily stats | ||
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This report will give a daily distribution view. | ||
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<img src="/nightscout/img/Reports11.png" width="800px" /> | ||
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</br> | ||
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## Distribution | ||
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This report will give a complete distribution view. | ||
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You also can filter by hours (scroll to the bottom of the page). | ||
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<img src="/nightscout/img/Reports18.png" width="400px" /> | ||
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<img src="/nightscout/img/Reports12.png" width="800px" /> | ||
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You can quickly find %TIR, %TUR, %TAR and the rough estimated HbA1c values. | ||
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<img src="/clinicians/img/Clinic25.png" width="500px" /> | ||
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Range must be modified to see %TITR. | ||
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</br> | ||
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## Percentile Chart | ||
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This report will give a percentile distribution view. | ||
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<img src="/nightscout/img/Reports16.png" width="800px" /> | ||
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<img src="/clinicians/img/Clinic26.png" width="300px" /> | ||
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</br> | ||
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## Hourly stats | ||
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This report will give an hourly distribution view with a box plot showing 25% and 75% percentile plus mean and standard deviation, then additional hour by hour statistics in a table. | ||
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<img src="/nightscout/img/Reports13.png" width="800px" /> | ||
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</br> | ||
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## Weekly Distribution | ||
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This report will give a weekly view. | ||
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<img src="/nightscout/img/Reports14.png" width="1000px" /> | ||
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</br> |
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# Setup the main view | ||
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Before checking reports, you should verify your patient has setup correctly data upload. | ||
The steps below might not be necessary but will probably give you more insights on the patient system. | ||
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If you're only looking for reports, skip this step and continue to [reports](/clinicians/reports). | ||
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</br> | ||
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## Customize your view | ||
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Open the main menu, located at the top right of the window, select the drawer icon: | ||
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<img src="./img/Clinic01.png" width="220px" /> | ||
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Select the units for blood glucose values. | ||
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<img src="./img/Clinic02.png" width="300px" /> | ||
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Select the language used for Nightscout display. | ||
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<img src="./img/Clinic03.png" width="300px" /> | ||
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If the patient uses a pump that can send its basal rates, or has setup programmed basal rates, enable basal default display. | ||
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<img src="./img/Clinic04.png" width="300px" /> | ||
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Enable all available plugins and save. | ||
This will only modify the way you visualize Nightscout on the device you're using. It will not interfere with the patient settings. | ||
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<img src="./img/Clinic05.png" width="300px" /> | ||
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</br> | ||
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## Identify displayed items | ||
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A typical DIY closed loop user display will look like this. | ||
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<img src="./img/Clinic06.png" width="600px" /> | ||
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Last 48 hours are visible, you can select the upper graph time scale clicking on the corresponding length (2 to 24 hours). You can slide the lower graph selection to visualize the corresponding time period on the top graph. | ||
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The rounded rectangle indicators are called "pills" and contain immediately visible indications, or more insights if you hover on them with the mouse. | ||
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They can be automatically or manually updated by the patient or its closed loop/uploader device, else they will be empty or meaningless. As setting warning and urgent limit values for these pills is not always adjusted by the user in Nightscout variables, they might appear in yellow or red for values that are within normal usage. | ||
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<img src="./img/Clinic07.png" width="220px" /> | ||
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Current blood glucose is displayed top left, the arrow only indicates the difference between the current measurement and the previous one (you'll see the measurement age on the left of the view). | ||
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<img src="./img/Clinic08.png" width="400px" /> | ||
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- IOB: Insulin on board, is calculated using the insulin duration parameter in the current profile if no external closed loop system is used, or by this external algorithm if any (OpenAPS/Loop). | ||
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- COB: Carbs on board are calculated by the absorption rate set in the profile. | ||
- CAGE, SAGE, BAGE, IAGE are timers counting the time since last Cannula (infusion site), Sensor, Battery and Insulin cartridge change. | ||
- BASAL displays the current basal rate. | ||
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Uploading device battery level and Nightscout storage used space are not of clinical interest. | ||
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<img src="./img/Clinic09.png" width="150px" /> | ||
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Connected pumps will show available insulin units, battery status and last registered activity. | ||
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<img src="./img/Clinic10.png" width="300px" /> | ||
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DIY closed loop systems can be identified with the [Loop](https://loopkit.github.io/loopdocs/faqs/algorithm-faqs/) (Loop) or [OpenAPS](https://openaps.readthedocs.io/en/latest/docs/While%20You%20Wait%20For%20Gear/Understand-determine-basal.html#understanding-the-determine-basal-logic) (OpenAPS, AndoidAPS, FreeAPS, iAPS) pill. Only one will be enabled, if the other one appears it will normally show an exclamation mark. If a DIY closed loop system Nightscout doesn't show any active pill, configuration needs to be fixed so that Nightscout receives all necessary data (patient responsibility). | ||
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<img src="./img/Clinic11.png" width="400px" /> | ||
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Basal display shows the programmed basal in dotted lines and the actual basal modulation. This is an example for the default basal display. | ||
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<img src="./img/Clinic12.png" width="400px" /> | ||
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Loop adds rich details to Nightscout real time display, like food types and visual information. | ||
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Hovering on the DIY closed loop system pill (Loop/OpenAPS) will show insights of the algorithm decisions. | ||
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<img src="./img/Clinic13.png" width="400px" /> |
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