errata 24917

modules/m45555/index.cnxml

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
 <title>Parasitism</title>
 <para id="fs-idp118577872">A <term id="term-00004">parasite</term> is an organism that feeds off another without immediately killing the organism it is feeding on. In this relationship, the parasite benefits, but the organism being fed upon, the <term id="term-00005">host</term>, is harmed. The host is usually weakened by the parasite as it siphons resources the host would normally use to maintain itself. Parasites may kill their hosts, but there is usually selection to slow down this process to allow the parasite time to complete its reproductive cycle before it or its offspring are able to spread to another host.</para>
 <para id="fs-idp149163552">The reproductive cycles of parasites are often very complex, sometimes requiring more than one host species. A tapeworm causes disease in humans when contaminated, undercooked meat such as pork, fish, or beef is consumed (<link target-id="fig-ch19_04_10"/>). The tapeworm can live inside the intestine of the host for several years, benefiting from the host’s food, and it may grow to be over 50 feet long by adding segments. The parasite moves from one host species to a second host species in order to complete its life cycle. <emphasis effect="italics">Plasmodium falciparum </emphasis>is another parasite: the protists that cause malaria, a significant disease in many parts of the world. Living inside human liver and red blood cells, the organism reproduces asexually in the human host and then sexually in the gut of blood-feeding mosquitoes to complete its life cycle. Thus malaria is spread from human to mosquito and back to human, one of many arthropod-borne infectious diseases of humans.</para>
-<figure id="fig-ch19_04_10"><media id="fs-idp70740592" alt="The life cycle of a tapeworm begins when eggs or tapeworm segments in the feces are ingested by pigs or humans. The embryos hatch, penetrate the intestinal wall, and circulate to the musculature in both pigs and humans. This figure shows how humans may acquire a tapeworm infection by ingesting raw or undercooked meat. Infection may results in cysts in the musculature, or in tapeworms in the intestine. Tapeworms attach themselves to the intestine via a hook-like structure called the scolex. Tapeworm segments and eggs are excreted in the feces, completing the cycle.">
+<figure id="fig-ch19_04_10"><media id="fs-idp70740592" alt="The life cycle of a tapeworm begins when eggs or tapeworm segments in the feces (1) are ingested by pigs or humans (2). The embryos hatch, penetrate the intestinal wall, and circulate to the musculature in both pigs and humans (3). This figure shows how humans may acquire a tapeworm infection by ingesting raw or undercooked meat (4). Infection may result in cysts in the musculature, brains, and eyes, or in tapeworms in the intestine. Tapeworms attach themselves to the intestine via a hook-like structure called the scolex (5). Adult tapeworms are then present in the small intestine (6). Tapeworm segments and eggs are excreted in the feces, completing the cycle.">
 <image mime-type="image/jpg" src="../../media/Figure_19_04_10f.jpg" width="520"/>
 </media>
 <caption>This diagram shows the life cycle of the tapeworm, a human worm parasite. (credit: modification of work by CDC)</caption></figure><note id="fs-idp37834944" class="interactive non-majors">

modules/m63033/index.cnxml

@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@
 <title>Parasitism</title>
 <para id="fs-idp168504656">A <emphasis>parasite</emphasis> is an organism that lives in or on another living organism and derives nutrients from it. In this relationship, the parasite benefits, but the organism being fed upon, the <emphasis>host</emphasis> is harmed. The host is usually weakened by the parasite as it siphons resources the host would normally use to maintain itself. The parasite, however, is unlikely to kill the host, especially not quickly, because this would allow no time for the organism to complete its reproductive cycle by spreading to another host.</para>
 <para id="fs-idm75450912">The reproductive cycles of parasites are often very complex, sometimes requiring more than one host species. A tapeworm is a parasite that causes disease in humans when contaminated, undercooked meat such as pork, fish, or beef is consumed (<link target-id="fig-ch45_06_10"/>). The tapeworm can live inside the intestine of the host for several years, benefiting from the food the host is bringing into its gut by eating, and may grow to be over 50 ft long by adding segments. The parasite moves from species to species in a cycle, making two hosts necessary to complete its life cycle. Another common parasite is <emphasis effect="italics">Plasmodium falciparum</emphasis>, the protozoan cause of malaria, a significant disease in many parts of the world. Living in human liver and red blood cells, the organism reproduces asexually in the gut of blood-feeding mosquitoes to complete its life cycle. Thus malaria is spread from human to human by mosquitoes, one of many arthropod-borne infectious diseases.</para>
-<figure id="fig-ch45_06_10" class="ost-tag-lo-apbio-ch36-s06-lo04"><media id="fs-idm11146016" alt="The life cycle of a tapeworm begins when eggs or tapeworm segments in the feces are ingested by pigs or humans. The embryos hatch, penetrate the intestinal wall, and circulate to the musculature in both pigs and humans. Humans may acquire a tapeworm infection by ingesting raw or undercooked meat. Infection may results in cysts in the musculature, or in tapeworms in the intestine. Tapeworms attach themselves to the intestine via a hook-like structure called the scolex. Tapeworm segments and eggs are excreted in the feces, completing the cycle.">
+<figure id="fig-ch45_06_10" class="ost-tag-lo-apbio-ch36-s06-lo04"><media id="fs-idm11146016" alt="The life cycle of a tapeworm begins when eggs or tapeworm segments in the feces (1) are ingested by pigs or humans (2). The embryos hatch, penetrate the intestinal wall, and circulate to the musculature in both pigs and humans (3). This figure shows how humans may acquire a tapeworm infection by ingesting raw or undercooked meat (4). Infection may result in cysts in the musculature, brains, and eyes, or in tapeworms in the intestine. Tapeworms attach themselves to the intestine via a hook-like structure called the scolex (5). Adult tapeworms are then present in the small intestine (6). Tapeworm segments and eggs are excreted in the feces, completing the cycle.">
     <image mime-type="imgae/jpg" src="../../media/CNX_AP_Bio_45_06_09ab.jpg" width="550"/>
 </media>
 <caption>This diagram shows the life cycle of a pork tapeworm (<emphasis effect="italics">Taenia solium</emphasis>), a human worm parasite. (credit: modification of work by CDC)</caption></figure></section>

modules/m66698/index.cnxml

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
 <para id="fs-idp168504656">A <term id="term-00010">parasite</term> is an organism that lives in or on another living organism and derives nutrients from it. In this relationship, the parasite benefits, but the <term id="term-00011">host</term> is harmed. The host is usually weakened by the parasite as it siphons resources the host would normally use to maintain itself. The parasite, however, is unlikely to kill the host, especially not quickly, because this would allow no time for the organism to complete its reproductive cycle by spreading to another host.</para>
 <para id="fs-idm75450912">The reproductive cycles of parasites are often very complex, sometimes requiring more than one host species. A tapeworm is a parasite that causes disease in humans when contaminated, undercooked meat is consumed (<link target-id="fig-ch45_06_10"/>). The tapeworm can live inside the intestine of the host for several years, benefiting from the food the host is eating, and may grow to be over 50 ft long by adding segments. The parasite moves from species to species in a cycle, making two hosts necessary to complete its life cycle.</para>
 <para id="fs-idm75451925">Another common parasite is <emphasis effect="italics">Plasmodium falciparum</emphasis>, the protozoan cause of malaria, a significant disease in many parts of the world. Living in human liver and red blood cells, the organism reproduces asexually in the gut of blood-feeding mosquitoes to complete its life cycle. Thus malaria is spread from human to human by mosquitoes, one of many arthropod-borne infectious diseases.</para>
-<figure id="fig-ch45_06_10"><media id="fs-idm11146016" alt="The life cycle of a tapeworm begins when eggs or tapeworm segments in the feces are ingested by pigs or humans. The embryos hatch, penetrate the intestinal wall, and circulate to the musculature in both pigs and humans. Humans may acquire a tapeworm infection by ingesting raw or undercooked meat. Infection may results in cysts in the musculature, or in tapeworms in the intestine. Tapeworms attach themselves to the intestine via a hook-like structure called the scolex. Tapeworm segments and eggs are excreted in the feces, completing the cycle.">
+<figure id="fig-ch45_06_10"><media id="fs-idm11146016" alt="The life cycle of a tapeworm begins when eggs or tapeworm segments in the feces (1) are ingested by pigs or humans (2). The embryos hatch, penetrate the intestinal wall, and circulate to the musculature in both pigs and humans (3). This figure shows how humans may acquire a tapeworm infection by ingesting raw or undercooked meat (4). Infection may result in cysts in the musculature, brains, and eyes, or in tapeworms in the intestine. Tapeworms attach themselves to the intestine via a hook-like structure called the scolex (5). Adult tapeworms are then present in the small intestine (6). Tapeworm segments and eggs are excreted in the feces, completing the cycle.">
 <image mime-type="imgae/png" src="../../media/Figure_B45_06_09ab.png" width="550"/>
 </media>
 <caption>This diagram shows the life cycle of a pork tapeworm (<emphasis effect="italics">Taenia solium</emphasis>), a human worm parasite. (credit: modification of work by CDC)</caption>