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oscryan committed Jul 8, 2024
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion modules/m62882/index.cnxml
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<figure id="fig-ch21_02_04" class="ost-tag-lo-apbio-ch21-s02-lo03 ost-tag-lo-apbio-ch21-s02-aplo-3-29"><media id="fs-idm65403200" alt="Part a shows a micrograph of the varicella-zoster virus, which has an icosahedral capsid surrounded by an irregularly shaped envelope. Part b shows a red, bumpy shingles rash on a person’s face.">
<image mime-type="image/jpg" src="../../media/Figure_21_02_04ab.jpg" width="520"/>
</media>
<caption>(a) Varicella-zoster, the virus that causes chickenpox, has an enveloped icosahedral capsid visible in this transmission electron micrograph. Its double-stranded DNA genome becomes incorporated in the host DNA and can reactivate after latency in the form of (b) shingles, often exhibiting a rash. (credit a: modification of work by Dr. Erskine Palmer, B. G. Martin, CDC; credit b: modification of work by “rosmary”/Flickr; scale-bar data from Matt Russell)</caption></figure><para id="fs-idm15609248">Some animal-infecting viruses, including the hepatitis C virus discussed above, are known as <emphasis>oncogenic viruses</emphasis>: They have the ability to cause cancer. These viruses interfere with the normal regulation of the host cell cycle either by either introducing genes that stimulate unregulated cell growth (oncogenes) or by interfering with the expression of genes that inhibit cell growth. Oncogenic viruses can be either DNA or RNA viruses. Cancers known to be associated with viral infections include cervical cancer caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) (<link target-id="fig-ch21_02_05"/>), liver cancer caused by hepatitis B virus, T-cell leukemia, and several types of lymphoma.</para>
<caption>(a) Varicella-zoster, the virus that causes chickenpox, has an enveloped icosahedral capsid visible in this transmission electron micrograph. Its double-stranded DNA genome becomes incorporated in the host DNA and can reactivate after latency in the form of (b) shingles, often exhibiting a rash. (credit a: modification of work by Dr. Erskine Palmer, B. G. Martin, CDC; credit b: modification of work by “rosmary”/Flickr; scale-bar data from Matt Russell)</caption></figure><para id="fs-idm15609248">Some animal-infecting viruses, including the hepatitis C virus discussed above, are known as <emphasis>oncogenic viruses</emphasis>: They have the ability to cause cancer. These viruses interfere with the normal regulation of the host cell cycle either by either introducing genes that stimulate unregulated cell growth (oncogenes) or by interfering with the expression of genes that inhibit cell growth. Oncogenic viruses can be either DNA or RNA viruses. Cancers known to be associated with viral infections include cervical cancer caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) (<link target-id="fig-ch21_02_05"/>), liver cancer caused by hepatitis C virus, T-cell leukemia, and several types of lymphoma.</para>
<figure id="fig-ch21_02_05" class="ost-tag-lo-apbio-ch21-s02-lo03 ost-tag-lo-apbio-ch21-s02-aplo-3-29"><media id="fs-idm43786432" alt="The micrograph shows an icosahedral virus with glycoproteins protruding from its capsid.">
<image mime-type="image/jpg" src="../../media/Figure_21_02_05-f075.jpg" width="250"/>
</media>
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion modules/m66535/index.cnxml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
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<figure id="fig-ch21_02_04"><media id="fs-idm65403200" alt="Part a shows a micrograph of the varicella zoster virus, which has an icosahedral capsid surrounded by an irregularly shaped envelope. Part b shows a red, bumpy shingles rash on a person's face.">
<image mime-type="image/jpg" src="../../media/Figure_21_02_04ab.jpg" width="520"/>
</media>
<caption>A latent virus infection. (a) Varicella-zoster, the virus that causes chickenpox, has an enveloped icosahedral capsid visible in this transmission electron micrograph. Its double-stranded DNA genome becomes incorporated in the host DNA and can reactivate after latency in the form of (b) shingles, often exhibiting a rash. (credit a: modification of work by Dr. Erskine Palmer, B. G. Martin, CDC; credit b: modification of work by “rosmary”/Flickr; scale-bar data from Matt Russell)</caption></figure><para id="fs-idm15609248">Some animal-infecting viruses, including the hepatitis C virus discussed above, are known as <term id="term-00023">oncogenic viruses</term>: They have the ability to cause cancer. These viruses interfere with the normal regulation of the host cell cycle either by introducing genes that stimulate unregulated cell growth (oncogenes) or by interfering with the expression of genes that inhibit cell growth. Oncogenic viruses can be either DNA or RNA viruses. Cancers known to be associated with viral infections include cervical cancer, caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) (<link target-id="fig-ch21_02_05"/>), liver cancer caused by hepatitis B virus, T-cell leukemia, and several types of lymphoma.</para>
<caption>A latent virus infection. (a) Varicella-zoster, the virus that causes chickenpox, has an enveloped icosahedral capsid visible in this transmission electron micrograph. Its double-stranded DNA genome becomes incorporated in the host DNA and can reactivate after latency in the form of (b) shingles, often exhibiting a rash. (credit a: modification of work by Dr. Erskine Palmer, B. G. Martin, CDC; credit b: modification of work by “rosmary”/Flickr; scale-bar data from Matt Russell)</caption></figure><para id="fs-idm15609248">Some animal-infecting viruses, including the hepatitis C virus discussed above, are known as <term id="term-00023">oncogenic viruses</term>: They have the ability to cause cancer. These viruses interfere with the normal regulation of the host cell cycle either by introducing genes that stimulate unregulated cell growth (oncogenes) or by interfering with the expression of genes that inhibit cell growth. Oncogenic viruses can be either DNA or RNA viruses. Cancers known to be associated with viral infections include cervical cancer, caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) (<link target-id="fig-ch21_02_05"/>), liver cancer caused by hepatitis C virus, T-cell leukemia, and several types of lymphoma.</para>
<figure id="fig-ch21_02_05"><media id="fs-idm43786432" alt="The micrograph shows an icosahedral virus with glycoproteins protruding from its capsid.">
<image mime-type="image/jpg" src="../../media/Figure_21_02_05-f075.jpg" width="250"/>
</media>
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