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Prepare the Edison for OpenAPS

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Dana Lewis edited this page Oct 19, 2016 · 61 revisions

Introduction

The Intel Edison system comes with a very limited Operating System. It's best to replace this with a custom version of Debian, so that the config is as-close to the Raspberry Pi as possible. This fits best with OpenAPS, and it also means you have the latest security and stability patches.

Prerequisites

If you’re using a Raspberry Pi:

To flash the Edison using a Raspberry Pi, you’ll need a large (preferably 16GB+) SD card. The Edison image is almost 2GB, so you’ll not only need space for the compressed and uncompressed image, but you’ll also need to enable a large swapfile on your Pi to fit the image into virtual memory while it is being flashed. Using an SD card as memory is very slow, so allow extra time to flash the Edison image using a Pi.

  1. Run sudo bash -c 'echo CONF_SWAPSIZE=2000 > /etc/dphys-swapfile' to configure a 2GB swap file. Note: if you don't have enough space on the SD card for a 2G swap a 1G swap will probably work
  2. Run sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile stop and then sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile start to enable the new swap file.
  3. If you installed watchdog on the pi, it's a good idea to stop it since loading the image into memory to flash is intensive

If you're using a Windows PC:

  1. Go to System Properties, under Performance click on Settings.
  2. Select Advanced and click on Change... to change the page size.
  3. On Virtual Memory window uncheck Automatically manage paging file size ... and set the Initial size and Maximum size to 1024 and 2048 and reboot.

If you're using a Mac:

If you have a Mac, follow steps 1-5 of these instructions first.

Check also to see if you have lsusb installed prior to proceeding. If not, follow the instructions here to add: https://github.com/jlhonora/homebrew-lsusb

When you get to step 6, you'll need to cd into the Ubilinux directory instead of the Intel image one, and continue with the Linux directions below.

Downloading image

Jubilinux

Jubilinux "is an update to the stock ubilinux edison distribution to make it more useful as a server, most significantly by upgrading from wheezy to jessie." That means we can skip many of the time-consuming upgrade steps below that are required when starting from ubilinux.

  1. Download jubilinux.zip
  2. In download folder, right-click on file and extract (or use unzip jubilinux.zip from the command line)
  3. Open a terminal window and navigate to the extracted folder: cd jubilinux. This is your "flash window".

Ubilinux (deprecated)

  1. From a linux-based computer or Raspberry Pi, download Ubilinux (If you are in Europe you may find Ubilinux - EU mirror faster)
  2. In download folder, right-click on file and extract (or use tar xvzf ubilinux-edison-150309.tar.gz from the command line)
  3. Open a terminal window and navigate to the extracted folder: cd toFlash. This is your "flash window".
  4. More instructions located: https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/loading-debian-ubilinux-on-the-edison

Flashing image onto the Edison

  1. Connect a USB cable (one that carries data, not just power) to the USB console port and sudo screen /dev/ttyUSB0 115200 or similar (on a Mac it’s /dev/tty.usbserial-<TAB>). If you do no have screen installed you can install with sudo apt-get install screen (Linux). Once the screen comes up, press enter a few times to wake things up. This will give you a "console" view of what is happening on your Edison. [Note, this step is optional but helpful to see what is going on]
  2. Now you will see a login prompt for the edison on the console screen. Login with username root and no password. This will have us ready to reboot from the command line when we are ready.
  3. Plug USB cable (one that carries data, not just power) into the USB port that is almost in the on the bottom right (if reading the Intel logo) if setting up with the Intel board. If you are using the Sparkfun board, it is the USB port labeled OTG. Plug the other end into your Linux box / Pi.
  4. In the "flash window" from the Download Image instructions above, run sudo ./flashall.sh (If you receive an dfu-util: command not found error, you can install dfu-util by running sudo apt-get install dfu-util (Linux) or by following the Mac instructions here. The flashall program will ask you to reboot the Edison. If nothing else works, and you're feeling brave, you can try pulling the Edison out and reconnect it to the board to start the flash process.
  5. It will ask you to reboot the Edison. Go back to your console window and type reboot. Switch back to the other window and you will see the flash process begin. You can monitor both the flash and console windows throughout the rest of the flash process.
  6. It will take 10-45 minutes to flash. The first 10-15 minutes it may appear like nothing is happening, particularly on the Pi. Eventually you will start to see a progress bar in the console. At the end when it says to give it 2 minutes, give it 5 or so. If you open a 2nd ssh to the pi and run top you'll see dfu-util using all a bunch of memory.
  7. Congratulations! You’re Edison is flashed. The default user name and password are both edison

If you have any difficulty with flashing, skip down to Troubleshooting

Initial Setup

Log in as root/edison via serial console.

echo FIXME-thehostname-you-want > /etc/hostname

nano /etc/hosts
    - add the host name you chose to the end of the first line 
    - old: 127.0.0.1	localhost
    - new: 127.0.0.1	localhost FIXME-thehostname-you-want

nano /etc/network/interfaces
    - Uncomment 'auto wlan0'
    - Set wpa-ssid to your wifi network name
    - Set wpa-psk to the password for your wifi network

passwd root       # set a secure password
passwd edison     # set a secure password

sed -i '/^deb http...ubilinux.*$/d' /etc/apt/sources.list    # remove any old ubilinux repositories

reboot      # to set hostname and configure wifi

If you want to connect to more than one wifi network, then after rebooting and logging in via ssh, you'll want to follow one of these guides to set the WPA Supplicant process to connect to multiple access points:

http://weworkweplay.com/play/automatically-connect-a-raspberry-pi-to-a-wifi-network/ http://www.geeked.info/raspberry-pi-add-multiple-wifi-access-points/ http://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/11631/how-to-setup-multiple-wifi-networks

Install packages, ssh keys, and other settings

Log in as root (with the password you just set above)

dpkg -P nodejs nodejs-dev
apt-get update && apt-get -y dist-upgrade && apt-get -y autoremove
apt-get install -y sudo strace tcpdump screen acpid vim python-pip locate
adduser edison sudo
adduser edison dialout
dpkg-reconfigure tzdata    # Set local time-zone

Log out, and log back in as edison (with the password you just set above), unless you're using an Explorer board (in which case you'll need to run everything that follows as root for libmraa to work right)

Next, copy your ssh key to the edison if appropriate (directions you can adapt are here: http://openaps.readthedocs.io/en/latest/docs/walkthrough/phase-0/rpi.html#mac-and-linux), and run 'reboot' to upgrade your kernels and clear out logged in sessions and IDs

  • Edit /etc/logrotate.conf and set the log rotation to daily from weekly and enable log compression by removing the hash on the #compress line, to reduce the probability of running out of disk space

Install openaps and oref0

If you used Jubilinux, you're now ready to install openaps and run the oref0-setup script

And that's it! You're done! (Unless you used Ubilinux, then keep going.)

Appendix: Upgrade Ubilinux (not required for Jubilinux)

Log in as edison / your password. You can do this via Wifi or over serial console if you wish.

sudo -i
sed -i 's/wheezy/jessie/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install apt dpkg aptitude
  - Yes to restart services if it asks you
sudo apt-get -y upgrade             # NOT dist-upgrade
  - Yes to restarting services (including ssh - should not log you off)
  - Yes to disabling root ssh login
  - /etc/securetty - Enter 'Y' to keep the maintainer's version
  - /etc/init.d/hostapd - Enter 'Y' to keep the maintainer's version
sudo apt-get -y autoremove

sudo apt-get clean   # equivalent to 'rm -f /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb'
sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
  - to set the timezone since the normal docs point to using the PI specific tools

sudo reboot

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting the flash process

a) If you get:

dfu-util: Device has DFU interface, but has no DFU functional descriptor
dfu-util: Cannot open DFU device 8087:0a99

that likely means you ran ./flashall.sh without sudo.

b) If you get:

Flashing rootfs, (it can take up to 10 minutes... Please be patient)
dfu-util -v -d 8087:0a99 --alt rootfs -D /home/pi/toFlash/edison-image-edison.ext4 -R 2>&1 | tee -a flash.log | ( sed -n '19 q'; head -n 1; cat >/dev/null )
Rebooting
U-boot & Kernel System Flash Success...

in something closer to 10 seconds than 10 minutes, then you likely didn't set up swap properly. To verify, cat flash.log and look for dfu-util: Cannot allocate memory of size 1610612736 bytes near the end.

c) If you have a failed flash or have problems with the reboot, try starting the console and hitting enter a bunch of times while connecting to stop autoboot. You'll then be at a boot> prompt. Run sudo ./flashall.sh and when it asks you to reboot type and enter run do_flash at the boot> prompt.

d) If you get an error that says "Ready to receive application" on the Edison the problem is you don't have enough power to properly boot up the Edison. This can happen if you are powering from your Pi. You should either connect a battery to the Edison board to give it a little boost, or use a powered USB hub between the Pi and the Edison.

e) If Edison reboots correctly but never gets picked up by the flashall.sh script and the flashing process does not start, check the Edison device ID. It will probably come out automatically after the flashall.sh script fails with a list of available devices connected to the machine. On Linux, you can run lsusb to get a list of usb devices with their device ID. If the device ID is different from the one expected on flashall.sh, you can edit the script and change lines containing: USB_VID=8087 & USB_PID=0a99 to whatever the Edison has for an ID. Some users have encountered their devices ID to be 8087:0a9e

Troubleshooting rescue mode

  • If your edison boots to a console and says it is in rescue mode (you can hit ctrl-d to continue or enter the root password), you may need to change a u-boot environment variable to make it boot normally. During the boot process you will see:
*** Ready to receive application *** 


U-Boot 2014.04 (Feb 09 2015 - 15:40:31)

       Watchdog enabled
DRAM:  980.6 MiB
MMC:   tangier_sdhci: 0
In:    serial
Out:   serial
Err:   serial
Hit any key to stop autoboot:  0
  1. Hit any key to drop to a prompt and type:
    printenv bootargs_target
  2. If the answer is
    bootargs_target=first-install
    then type:
    setenv bootargs_target multi-user
    saveenv
  3. And to exit that firmware u-boot prompt:
    run do_boot

Override DNS resolvers

Some users have reported problems with connecting to internet sites. If you are experience poor internet connections, try 'nano /etc/resolv.conf' and change the first two nameservers to:

 nameserver 8.8.4.4
 nameserver 8.8.8.8
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