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# Sphinx build info version 1 | ||
# This file hashes the configuration used when building these files. When it is not found, a full rebuild will be done. | ||
config: 37c80a94381c99d217356b4da8e6e16f | ||
tags: 645f666f9bcd5a90fca523b33c5a78b7 |
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fedeca.algorithms | ||
========================= | ||
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.. currentmodule:: fedeca.algorithms | ||
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.. autoclass:: fedeca.algorithms.TorchWebDiscoAlgo |
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fedeca.competitors | ||
========================= | ||
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.. autoclass:: fedeca.PooledIPTW | ||
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.. autoclass:: fedeca.MatchingAjudsted | ||
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.. autoclass:: fedeca.NaiveComparison |
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fedeca.fedeca | ||
========================= | ||
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.. autoclass:: fedeca.FedECA |
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fedeca.metrics | ||
========================= | ||
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.. automodule:: fedeca.metrics.metrics |
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fedeca.scripts | ||
========================= | ||
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.. autoclass:: fedeca.scripts.substra_assets.csv_opener.CSVOpener |
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fedeca.strategies | ||
========================= | ||
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.. currentmodule:: fedeca.strategies.webdisco | ||
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.. autoclass:: fedeca.strategies.WebDisco | ||
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.. automodule:: fedeca.strategies.webdisco_utils |
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fedeca.utils | ||
========================= | ||
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.. automodule:: fedeca.utils.data_utils | ||
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.. automodule:: fedeca.utils.experiments_utils | ||
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.. automodule:: fedeca.utils.moments_utils | ||
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.. automodule:: fedeca.utils.substrafl_utils | ||
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.. automodule:: fedeca.utils.tensor_utils | ||
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.. automodule:: fedeca.utils.typing |
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FedECA documentation | ||
====================== | ||
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This package allows to perform both simulations and deployments of federated | ||
external control arms (FedECA) analyses. | ||
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Before using this code make sure to: | ||
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#. read and accept the terms of the license license.md that can be found at the root of the repository. | ||
#. read `substra's privacy strategy <https://docs.substra.org/en/stable/additional/privacy-strategy.html>`_ | ||
#. read our associated technical article | ||
#. `activate secure rng in Opacus <https://opacus.ai/docs/faq#:~:text=What%20is%20the%20secure_rng,the%20security%20this%20brings.>`_ if you plan on using differential privacy. | ||
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Citing this work | ||
---------------- | ||
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:: | ||
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@article{duterrailfedeca2023, | ||
title={FedECA: A Federated External Control Arm Method for Causal Inference with Time-To-Event Data in Distributed Settings}, | ||
author={Ogier du Terrail, Jean and Klopfenstein, Quentin and Li Honghao and Mayer, Imke and Loiseau, Nicolas and Hallal Mohammad and Balazard, Félix and Andreux, Mathieu}, | ||
year={2023}, | ||
doi = {no.doi.yet}, | ||
journal={arXiv}, | ||
} | ||
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License | ||
------- | ||
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FedECA is released under a custom license that can be found under license.md at the root of the repository. | ||
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.. toctree:: | ||
:maxdepth: 0 | ||
:caption: Installation | ||
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installation | ||
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.. toctree:: | ||
:maxdepth: 0 | ||
:caption: Getting Started Instructions | ||
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quickstart | ||
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.. toctree:: | ||
:hidden: | ||
:maxdepth: 4 | ||
:caption: API | ||
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api/fedeca | ||
api/competitors | ||
api/algorithms | ||
api/metrics | ||
api/scripts | ||
api/strategies | ||
api/utils |
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Installation | ||
============ | ||
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To install the package, create an env with python ``3.9`` with conda | ||
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.. code-block:: bash | ||
conda create -n fedeca python=3.9 | ||
conda activate fedeca | ||
Within the environment, install the package by running: | ||
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.. code-block:: | ||
git clone https://github.com/owkin/fedeca.git | ||
pip install -e ".[all_extra]" | ||
If you plan developing, you should also install the pre-commit hooks | ||
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```bash | ||
pre-commit install |
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Quickstart | ||
---------- | ||
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FedECA tries to mimic scikit-learn API as much as possible with the constraints | ||
of distributed learning. | ||
The first step in data science is always the data. | ||
We need to first use or generate some survival data in pandas.dataframe format. | ||
Note that fedeca should work on any data format, provided that the | ||
return type of the substra opener is indeed a pandas.dataframe but let's keep | ||
it simple in this quickstart. | ||
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Here we will use fedeca utils which will generate some synthetic survival data | ||
following CoxPH assumptions: | ||
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.. code-block:: python | ||
import pandas as pd | ||
from fedeca.utils.survival_utils import CoxData | ||
# Let's generate 1000 data samples with 10 covariates | ||
data = CoxData(seed=42, n_samples=1000, ndim=10) | ||
df = data.generate_dataframe() | ||
# We remove the true propensity score | ||
df = df.drop(columns=["propensity_scores"], axis=1) | ||
Let's inspect the data that we have here. | ||
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.. code-block:: python | ||
print(df.info()) | ||
# <class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'> | ||
# RangeIndex: 1000 entries, 0 to 999 | ||
# Data columns (total 13 columns): | ||
# # Column Non-Null Count Dtype | ||
# --- ------ -------------- ----- | ||
# 0 X_0 1000 non-null float64 | ||
# 1 X_1 1000 non-null float64 | ||
# 2 X_2 1000 non-null float64 | ||
# 3 X_3 1000 non-null float64 | ||
# 4 X_4 1000 non-null float64 | ||
# 5 X_5 1000 non-null float64 | ||
# 6 X_6 1000 non-null float64 | ||
# 7 X_7 1000 non-null float64 | ||
# 8 X_8 1000 non-null float64 | ||
# 9 X_9 1000 non-null float64 | ||
# 10 time 1000 non-null float64 | ||
# 11 event 1000 non-null uint8 | ||
# 12 treatment 1000 non-null uint8 | ||
# dtypes: float64(11), uint8(2) | ||
# memory usage: 88.0 KB | ||
print(df.head()) | ||
# X_0 X_1 X_2 X_3 X_4 X_5 X_6 X_7 X_8 X_9 time event treatment | ||
# 0 -0.918373 -0.814340 -0.148994 0.482720 -1.130384 -1.254769 -0.462002 1.451622 1.199705 0.133197 2.573516 1 1 | ||
# 1 0.360051 -0.863619 0.198673 0.330630 -0.189184 -0.802424 -1.694990 -0.989009 -0.421245 -0.112665 0.519108 1 1 | ||
# 2 0.442502 0.024682 0.069500 -0.398015 -0.521236 -0.824907 0.373018 1.016843 0.765661 0.858817 0.652803 1 1 | ||
# 3 -0.783965 -1.116391 -1.482413 -2.039827 -1.639304 -0.500380 -0.298467 -1.801688 -0.743004 -0.724039 0.074925 1 1 | ||
# 4 -0.199620 -0.652347 -0.018776 0.004630 -0.122242 -0.413490 -0.450718 -0.761894 -1.323135 -0.234899 0.006951 1 1 | ||
print(df["treatment"].unique()) | ||
# array([1, 0], dtype=uint8) | ||
df["treatment"].sum() | ||
# 500 | ||
So we have survival data with covariates and a binary treatment variable. | ||
Let's inspect it using proper survival plots using the great survival analysis | ||
package `lifelines <https://github.com/CamDavidsonPilon/lifelines>`_ that was a | ||
source of inspiration for fedeca: | ||
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.. code-block:: python | ||
from lifelines import KaplanMeierFitter as KMF | ||
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt | ||
treatments = [0, 1] | ||
kms = [KMF().fit(durations=df.loc[df["treatment"] == t]["time"], event_observed=df.loc[df["treatment"] == t]["event"]) for t in treatments] | ||
axs = [km.plot(label="treated" if t == 1 else "untreated") for km, t in zip(kms, treatments)] | ||
axs[-1].set_ylabel("Survival Probability") | ||
plt.xlim(0, 1500) | ||
plt.savefig("treated_vs_untreated.pdf", bbox_inches="tight") | ||
Open ``treated_vs_untreated.pdf`` in your favorite pdf viewer and see for yourself. | ||
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Pooled IPTW analysis | ||
-------------------- | ||
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The treatment seems to improve survival but it's hard to say for sure as it might | ||
simply be due to chance or sampling bias. | ||
Let's perform an IPTW analysis to be sure: | ||
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.. code-block:: python | ||
from fedeca.competitors import PooledIPTW | ||
pooled_iptw = PooledIPTW(treated_col="treatment", event_col="event", duration_col="time") | ||
# Targets is the propensity weights | ||
pooled_iptw.fit(data=df, targets=None) | ||
print(pooled_iptw.results_) | ||
# coef exp(coef) se(coef) coef lower 95% coef upper 95% exp(coef) lower 95% exp(coef) upper 95% cmp to z p -log2(p) | ||
# covariate | ||
# treatment 0.041727 1.04261 0.070581 -0.096609 0.180064 0.907911 1.197294 0.0 0.591196 0.554389 0.85103 | ||
When looking at the ``p-value=0.554389 > 0.05``\ , thus judging by what we observe we | ||
cannot say for sure that there is a treatment effect. We say the ATE is non significant. | ||
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Distributed Analysis | ||
-------------------- | ||
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However in practice data is private and held by different institutions. Therefore | ||
in practice each client holds a subset of the rows of our dataframe. | ||
We will simulate this using a realistic scenario where a "pharma" node is developing | ||
a new drug and thus holds all treated and the rest of the data is split across | ||
3 other institutions where patients were treated with the old drug. | ||
We will use the split utils of FedECA. | ||
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.. code-block:: python | ||
from fedeca.utils.data_utils import split_dataframe_across_clients | ||
clients, train_data_nodes, _, _, _ = split_dataframe_across_clients( | ||
df, | ||
n_clients=4, | ||
split_method= "split_control_over_centers", | ||
split_method_kwargs={"treatment_info": "treatment"}, | ||
data_path="./data", | ||
backend_type="simu", | ||
) | ||
Note that you can replace split_method by any callable with the signature | ||
``pd.DataFrame -> list[int]`` where the list of ints is the split of the indices | ||
of the df across the different institutions. | ||
To convince you that the split was effective you can inspect the folder "./data". | ||
You will find different subfolders ``center0`` to ``center3`` each with different | ||
parts of the data. | ||
To unpack a bit what is going on in more depth, we have created a dict of client | ||
'clients', | ||
which is a dict with 4 keys containing substra API handles towards the different | ||
institutions and their data. | ||
``train_data_nodes`` is a list of handles towards the datasets of the different institutions | ||
that were registered through the substra interface using the data in the different | ||
folders. | ||
You might have noticed that we did not talk about the ``backend_type`` argument. | ||
This argument is used to choose on which network will experiments be run. | ||
"simu" means in-RAM. If you finish this tutorial do try other values such as: | ||
"docker" or "subprocess" but expect a significant slow-down as experiments | ||
get closer and closer to a real distributed system. | ||
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Now let's try to see if we can reproduce the pooled anaysis in this much more | ||
complicated distributed setting: | ||
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.. code-block:: python | ||
from fedeca import FedECA | ||
# We use the first client as the node, which launches order | ||
ds_client = clients[list(clients.keys())[0]] | ||
fed_iptw = FedECA(ndim=10, ds_client=ds_client, train_data_nodes=train_data_nodes, treated_col="treatment", duration_col="time", event_col="event", robust=True) | ||
fed_iptw.run() | ||
# Final partial log-likelihood: | ||
# [-11499.19619422] | ||
# coef se(coef) coef lower 95% coef upper 95% z p exp(coef) exp(coef) lower 95% exp(coef) upper 95% | ||
# 0 0.041718 0.070581 -0.096618 0.180054 0.591062 0.554479 1.0426 0.907902 1.197282 | ||
In fact what we did above is both quite verbose. For simulation purposes we | ||
advise to use directly the scikit-learn inspired syntax: | ||
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.. code-block:: python | ||
from fedeca import FedECA | ||
fed_iptw = FedECA(ndim=10, treated_col="treatment", event_col="event", duration_col="time") | ||
fed_iptw.fit(df, n_clients=4, split_method="split_control_over_centers", split_method_kwargs={"treatment_info": "treatment"}, data_path="./data", robust=True, backend_type="simu") | ||
# coef se(coef) coef lower 95% coef upper 95% z p exp(coef) exp(coef) lower 95% exp(coef) upper 95% | ||
# 0 0.041718 0.070581 -0.096618 0.180054 0.591062 0.554479 1.0426 0.907902 1.197282 | ||
We find a similar p-value ! The distributed analysis is working as expected. | ||
We recommend to users that made it to here as a next step to use their own data | ||
and write custom split functions and to test this pipeline under various | ||
heterogeneity settings. | ||
Another interesting avenue is to try adding differential privacy to the training | ||
of the propensity model but that is outside the scope of this quickstart. |
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