add v8.3.0 release notes

[hfxsd]

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What is changed, added or deleted? (Required)

Which TiDB version(s) do your changes apply to? (Required)

Tips for choosing the affected version(s):

By default, CHOOSE MASTER ONLY so your changes will be applied to the next TiDB major or minor releases. If your PR involves a product feature behavior change or a compatibility change, CHOOSE THE AFFECTED RELEASE BRANCH(ES) AND MASTER.

For details, see tips for choosing the affected versions (in Chinese).

• master (the latest development version)
• v8.3 (TiDB 8.3 versions)
• v8.2 (TiDB 8.2 versions)
• v8.1 (TiDB 8.1 versions)
• v8.0 (TiDB 8.0 versions)
• v7.5 (TiDB 7.5 versions)
• v7.1 (TiDB 7.1 versions)
• v6.5 (TiDB 6.5 versions)
• v6.1 (TiDB 6.1 versions)
• v5.4 (TiDB 5.4 versions)
• v5.3 (TiDB 5.3 versions)
• v5.2 (TiDB 5.2 versions)

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Do your changes match any of the following descriptions?

• Delete files
• Change aliases
• Need modification after applied to another branch
• Might cause conflicts after applied to another branch

[ti-chi-bot]

@Frank945946: adding LGTM is restricted to approvers and reviewers in OWNERS files.

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[v01dstar]

LGTM

[ti-chi-bot]

@v01dstar: adding LGTM is restricted to approvers and reviewers in OWNERS files.

In response to this:

LGTM

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[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2024-08-22 00:54:35.968103375 +0000 UTC m=+399671.102553493: ☑️ agreed by qiancai.
• 2024-08-22 01:45:03.558201378 +0000 UTC m=+402698.692651496: ☑️ agreed by Oreoxmt.

[hfxsd]

/approve

[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

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[ti-chi-bot]

In response to a cherrypick label: new pull request created to branch release-8.3: #18416.