Remove All Binlog References from CDC Documentation

[wlwilliamx]

First-time contributors' checklist

• I've signed Contributor License Agreement that's required for repo owners to accept my contribution.

What is changed, added or deleted? (Required)

Deleted: Removed all binlog-related content from the TiCDC documentation as binlog is completely deprecated.

Which TiDB version(s) do your changes apply to? (Required)

Tips for choosing the affected version(s):

By default, CHOOSE MASTER ONLY so your changes will be applied to the next TiDB major or minor releases. If your PR involves a product feature behavior change or a compatibility change, CHOOSE THE AFFECTED RELEASE BRANCH(ES) AND MASTER.

For details, see tips for choosing the affected versions (in Chinese).

• master (the latest development version)
• v8.4 (TiDB 8.4 versions)
• v8.3 (TiDB 8.3 versions)
• v8.2 (TiDB 8.2 versions)
• v8.1 (TiDB 8.1 versions)
• v7.5 (TiDB 7.5 versions)
• v7.1 (TiDB 7.1 versions)
• v6.5 (TiDB 6.5 versions)
• v6.1 (TiDB 6.1 versions)
• v5.4 (TiDB 5.4 versions)
• v5.3 (TiDB 5.3 versions)

What is the related PR or file link(s)?

This PR is translated from: pingcap/docs#18949
Other reference link(s):

Do your changes match any of the following descriptions?

• Delete files
• Change aliases
• Need modification after applied to another branch
• Might cause conflicts after applied to another branch

[CLAassistant]

All committers have signed the CLA.

[ti-chi-bot]

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[lilin90]

/lgtm

[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2024-09-20 03:35:44.939537139 +0000 UTC m=+1191414.679961078: ☑️ agreed by lilin90.
• 2024-09-20 03:35:48.374089922 +0000 UTC m=+1191418.114513861: ☑️ agreed by hfxsd.

[lilin90]

/approve

[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: lilin90

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[ti-chi-bot]

In response to a cherrypick label: new pull request created to branch release-8.1: #18671.

[ti-chi-bot]

In response to a cherrypick label: new pull request created to branch release-8.2: #18672.

[ti-chi-bot]

In response to a cherrypick label: new pull request created to branch release-8.3: #18673.

[ti-chi-bot]

In response to a cherrypick label: new pull request created to branch release-6.5: #18674.

[ti-chi-bot]

In response to a cherrypick label: new pull request created to branch release-7.1: #18675.

[ti-chi-bot]

In response to a cherrypick label: new pull request created to branch release-7.5: #18676.