DFS_recursive.cpp

cpp/DFS_recursive.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+
+/**
+ * @brief Performs Depth First Search (DFS) traversal of the graph recursively.
+ * 
+ * @param vertex The current vertex being visited.
+ * @param adj The adjacency list of the graph.
+ * @param visited A boolean array to keep track of visited vertices.
+ * @param result A vector to store the DFS traversal result.
+ */
+void dfs_recursive(int vertex, std::vector<int> adj[], std::vector<bool>& visited, std::vector<int>& result) {
+    // Mark the current vertex as visited and add it to the result
+    visited[vertex] = true;
+    result.push_back(vertex);
+
+    // Traverse all adjacent vertices
+    for (int neighbor : adj[vertex]) {
+        if (!visited[neighbor]) {
+            dfs_recursive(neighbor, adj, visited, result);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Starts the DFS traversal from vertex 0 of the graph.
+ * 
+ * @param V The number of vertices in the graph.
+ * @param adj The adjacency list of the graph.
+ * @return std::vector<int> The DFS traversal result starting from vertex 0.
+ */
+std::vector<int> dfs_of_graph(int V, std::vector<int> adj[]) {
+    // Array to track visited vertices
+    std::vector<bool> visited(V, false);
+
+    // Vector to store the result of DFS traversal
+    std::vector<int> result;
+
+    // Start DFS from vertex 0
+    dfs_recursive(0, adj, visited, result);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Test function to perform DFS traversal on a sample graph and print the result.
+ */
+void test() {
+    // Number of vertices
+    int V = 5;
+
+    // Adjacency list representation of the graph
+    std::vector<int> adj[V];
+    adj[0] = {2, 3, 1};
+    adj[1] = {0};
+    adj[2] = {0, 4};
+    adj[3] = {0};
+    adj[4] = {2};
+
+    // Get the DFS traversal result starting from vertex 0
+    std::vector<int> dfs_result = dfs_of_graph(V, adj);
+
+    // Print the result
+    std::cout << "DFS Traversal: ";
+    for (int v : dfs_result) {
+        std::cout << v << " ";
+    }
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief The main function to execute the program.
+ * 
+ * @return int Exit status of the program.
+ */
+int main() {
+    // Call the test function to execute DFS on the sample graph
+    test();
+    return 0;
+}