Merge pull request #19 from janegilring/main

Added session "Getting started with Dev Containers in VS Code"

JanEgilRing/VSCodeDevContainers/01 - basics.ps1

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+<#
+
+Prerequisites:
+- A computer running Linux, MacOS or Windows
+- VS Code
+- Docker
+
+Docker - The fastest way to containerize applications on your desktop
+
+https://www.docker.com/docker-windows
+https://desktop.docker.com/mac/stable/Docker.dmg
+https://hub.docker.com/search?q=&type=edition&offering=community&operating_system=linux
+
+#>
+
+# Public Docker Hub
+Start-Process https://hub.docker.com
+
+# Run a container
+# This example will run the latest version of the Azure PowerShell image
+docker run --rm -it mcr.microsoft.com/azure-cli:latest
+# -it       run interactive
+# --rm      automatically remove container
+
+
+docker pull mcr.microsoft.com/powershell
+
+<#
+  Alpine Linux is a Linux distribution built around musl libc and BusyBox. The image is only 5 MB in size and has access
+  to a package repository that is much more complete than other BusyBox based images.
+  This makes Alpine Linux a great image base for utilities and even production applications.
+#>
+
+docker pull mcr.microsoft.com/powershell:preview-7.3-alpine-3.15
+
+docker image list
+
+docker run --rm -it mcr.microsoft.com/powershell:preview-7.3-alpine-3.15
+
+<#
+ CBL-Mariner is an internal Linux distribution for Microsoft’s cloud infrastructure and edge products
+ and services. CBL-Mariner is designed to provide a consistent platform for these devices and
+ services and will enhance Microsoft’s ability to stay current on Linux updates.
+
+ https://github.com/microsoft/CBL-Mariner
+
+#>
+
+docker run --rm -it mcr.microsoft.com/powershell:lts-7.2-mariner-2.0
+
+Start-Process https://hub.docker.com/_/microsoft-azure-powershell
+
+# About 100-200 MB of the size is the PowerShell binaries (varies between versions)
+docker image ls | Select-String powershell
+
+# Inspect history for each layer
+docker history mcr.microsoft.com/powershell:preview-7.3-alpine-3.15
+docker history mcr.microsoft.com/powershell:lts-7.2-mariner-2.0
+
+<# Key points:
+ - Containers in general are small and light weight
+ - Provides isolation
+ #>
+
+# What about data? Containers are ephemeral and don't have a persistent storage
+
+# Map local folder to container
+docker run --rm -it -v "c:\git:/home/jan/git" mcr.microsoft.com/powershell
+
+<#
+For use in applications, for example on Azure Kubernetes Service, CSI drivers makes it
+possible to mount Azure Disks (Managed Disks) and Azure Files (SMB shares) to containers
+
+https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/aks/csi-storage-drivers
+#>
+
+#region Remote containers in VS Code
+
+# Install extension and read documentation
+Start-Process https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/containers
+
+# Windows
+mkdir C:\temp\demo
+code C:\temp\demo
+
+# Linux/MacOS
+mkdir /tmp/demo
+code /tmp/demo
+
+# Command pallette->Remote Containers->Add Development Container Configuration Files
+
+# Clean-up
+Remove-Item C:\temp\somerepo -Recurse -Force
+Remove-Item /tmp/demo -Force -Recurse
+
+#region Azure Cloud Shell image
+
+Start-Process https://github.com/Azure/CloudShell
+
+docker pull mcr.microsoft.com/azure-cloudshell:latest
+
+docker run -it mcr.microsoft.com/azure-cloudshell pwsh
+
+# Add to dev-container Dockerfile: FROM mcr.microsoft.com/azure-cloudshell:latest
+
+# After rebuilding and restarting the container
+
+# Ansible, git, chef and many others pre-installed
+Get-Command -CommandType Application
+Get-Command ansible, az, bicep, chef, kubectl, pwsh, terraform
+
+apt list --installed
+
+
+# Trade-off: Container image size of Azure CLoud Shell is rather huge: 9.3 GB
+Start-Process https://github.com/Azure/CloudShell/issues/90
+
+# For example, azure-functions-core-tools and chef-workstation alone are over 1.2 GB.
+
+
+#endregion

JanEgilRing/VSCodeDevContainers/02 - customizing the environment.ps1

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+#region Dotfiles
+
+<#
+Dotfiles are used to customize your system. The "dotfiles" name is derived
+from the configuration files in Unix-like systems that start with a dot
+(e.g. .bash_profile and .gitconfig). For normal users, this indicates these
+are not regular documents, and by default are hidden in directory listings.
+For power users, however, they are a core tool belt.
+#>
+
+Start-Process 'https://dotfiles.github.io'
+
+# Many applications store their configuration files in a ".config" file.
+Get-ChildItem ~ -Force -Filter .* | Format-Table name
+
+# PowerShell does too, for example for the CurrentUser-profiles
+$profile | Format-List -Force
+
+# And for the current user`s modules
+$env:PSModulePath -split ':'
+
+Start-Process 'https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/containers#_personalizing-with-dotfile-repositories'
+
+# Gotcha - executable bit must be set on scripts to be run
+chmod 444 ./install.sh
+
+<# Errors might happen during bootstrapping:
+2022-06-18 20:08:07.984Z: New-Item: /workspaces/.codespaces/.persistedshare/dotfiles/install.ps1:5
+2022-06-18 20:08:07.999Z: Line |
+2022-06-18 20:08:08.013Z:    5 |      New-Item -Path (Join-Path '~/.config' $_.Name) -ItemType Symbolic …
+2022-06-18 20:08:08.028Z:      |      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+2022-06-18 20:08:08.042Z:      | No such file or directory
+#>
+
+# Hence, it is useful to log actions and errors to a log file
+~\dotfiles.log
+
+# Example dotfiles
+Start-Process https://github.com/janegilring/dotfiles
+
+# Tip: Look into using Stow for managing dotfiles
+# https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FHuwzbpTTo0
+
+#endregion
+
+#region Contoso management
+
+code "~/git/2022psconfeu/JanEgilRing/VSCodeDevContainers/contoso-management"
+
+#endregion
+
+#region Git credentials & SSH keys
+
+Start-Process 'https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/containers#_sharing-git-credentials-with-your-container'
+
+<#
+
+    If you do not have your user name or email address set up locally, you
+    may be prompted to do so. You can do this on your local machine by
+    running the following commands:
+
+    git config --global user.name "Your Name"
+    git config --global user.email "your.email@address"
+
+    The extension will automatically copy your local .gitconfig file into
+    the container on startup so you should not need to do this in the container itself.
+
+#>
+
+
+<#
+You can add your local SSH keys to the agent if it is running by using the ssh-add command. For example, run this from a terminal or PowerShell:
+
+ssh-add $HOME/.ssh/github_rsa
+
+#>
+
+# Windows
+Set-Service ssh-agent -StartupType Automatic
+Start-Service ssh-agent
+Get-Service ssh-agent
+
+# Linux
+
+<#
+Then add these lines to your ~/.bash_profile or ~/.zprofile (for Zsh) so it starts on login:
+
+if [ -z "$SSH_AUTH_SOCK" ]; then
+   # Check for a currently running instance of the agent
+   RUNNING_AGENT="`ps -ax | grep 'ssh-agent -s' | grep -v grep | wc -l | tr -d '[:space:]'`"
+   if [ "$RUNNING_AGENT" = "0" ]; then
+        # Launch a new instance of the agent
+        ssh-agent -s &> $HOME/.ssh/ssh-agent
+   fi
+   eval `cat $HOME/.ssh/ssh-agent`
+fi
+#>
+
+
+#endregion
+

JanEgilRing/VSCodeDevContainers/03 - github-codespaces.ps1

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+<#
+Codespaces is an online development environment,
+hosted by GitHub and powered by Visual Studio Code.
+
+Makes it possible to develop and test your code in the cloud,
+from low-end hardware and you can connect from anywhere -
+via web or VS Code.
+#>
+
+Start-Process https://docs.github.com/en/github/developing-online-with-codespaces/about-codespaces
+
+Start-Process https://docs.github.com/en/github/developing-online-with-codespaces/personalizing-codespaces-for-your-account
+
+# VS Code extension
+Start-Process https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/codespaces
+
+# Example container definitions
+Start-Process https://github.com/Microsoft/vscode-dev-containers
+
+Start-Process https://github.com/codespaces
+
+<# If you have configured a Dotfiles repository, it will be used for Codespaces as well
+Use Cmd/Ctrl + Shift + P -> View Creation Log to see full logs
+✔ Finishing up...
+⠏ Installing Dotfiles
+#>
+
+Start-Process "https://docs.github.com/en/codespaces/troubleshooting/troubleshooting-dotfiles-for-codespaces"
+
+# Demo: Connect to Codespace both from web and VS Code

JanEgilRing/VSCodeDevContainers/04 - misc.ps1

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+#region Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)
+
+# The Visual Studio Code Remote - WSL extension lets you use the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) as your full-time development environment right from VS Code.
+Start-Process https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/wsl
+
+# Tip: Create multiple users in WSL to separate environments
+
+#endregion
+
+#region Remote SSH
+
+# Example usage (mainly for IT Pros): Remote into jumpbox/management server in locked down environments rather than working locally from the jumpbox
+
+Start-Process https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/ssh
+
+# Demo (if time allows): Remote SSH against a Windows Server 2022 management server with OpenSSH Server installed and running
+
+#endregion

JanEgilRing/VSCodeDevContainers/contoso-management/.devcontainer/Dockerfile

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+FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/runtime:6.0
+
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get -y upgrade
+
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
+    wget \
+    unzip \
+    ca-certificates \
+    apt-transport-https \
+    lsb-release \
+    gnupg \
+	curl \
+    libgdiplus \
+    libc6-dev \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+# Prerequisite for .NET Interactive Notebooks: https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ms-dotnettools.dotnet-interactive-vscode
+# https://docs.microsoft.com/en-gb/dotnet/core/install/linux-ubuntu#2004-
+
+# Download the powershell '.tar.gz' archive
+RUN curl -L -o /tmp/powershell.tar.gz https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases/download/v7.2.4/powershell-7.2.4-linux-x64.tar.gz
+
+# Create the target folder where powershell will be placed
+RUN mkdir -p /opt/microsoft/powershell/7
+
+# Expand powershell to the target folder
+RUN tar zxf /tmp/powershell.tar.gz -C /opt/microsoft/powershell/7
+
+# Set execute permissions
+RUN chmod +x /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/pwsh
+
+# Create the symbolic link that points to pwsh
+RUN ln -s /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/pwsh /usr/bin/pwsh
+
+RUN useradd --create-home vscode
+
+RUN wget https://github.com/JanDeDobbeleer/oh-my-posh/releases/download/v8.5.2/posh-linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/oh-my-posh
+RUN chmod +x /usr/local/bin/oh-my-posh
+
+RUN apt-get update;apt-get install openssh-client -y
+
+# ImportExcel prerequsites
+RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends libgdiplus libc6-dev
+
+# Switch to non-root user:
+WORKDIR /home/vscode
+USER vscode
+
+# Not needed when using dotfiles
+# SHELL ["pwsh","-NoProfile", "-Command", "$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'; $ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue';"]
+# RUN mkdir /home/vscode/.config;mkdir /home/vscode/.config/powershell
+# RUN Set-Content -Path /home/vscode/.config/powershell/Microsoft.VSCode_profile.ps1 -Value ". /workspaces/contoso/.devcontainer/powershell/profile.ps1"
+# RUN Install-Module -Name PSReadLine -Force -AllowPreRelease
+# RUN Install-Module PSDepend -Force
+# RUN Invoke-PSDepend /workspace/powershell/requirements.psd1 -Force

JanEgilRing/VSCodeDevContainers/contoso-management/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

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+{
+	"name": "contoso-management",
+	"build": {
+		"dockerfile": "Dockerfile",
+	},
+
+	// Set *default* container specific settings.json values on container create.
+    // 2022-06: This is deprecated, the new recommended way to configure your default shell is by creating a terminal profile in `#terminal.integrated.profiles.linux
+	"settings": {
+		"terminal.integrated.shell.linux": "/opt/microsoft/powershell/7/pwsh"
+	},
+
+	// Add the IDs of extensions you want installed when the container is created.
+	// Note that some extensions may not work in Alpine Linux. See https://aka.ms/vscode-remote/linux.
+	"extensions": ["ms-vscode.powershell","ms-vscode.azure-account","ms-dotnettools.dotnet-interactive-vscode","hashicorp.terraform","takumii.markdowntable","ms-kubernetes-tools.vscode-kubernetes-tools","ms-kubernetes-tools.vscode-aks-tools","mutantdino.resourcemonitor"],
+
+	// Use 'forwardPorts' to make a list of ports inside the container available locally.
+	// "forwardPorts": [],
+
+	// Use 'postCreateCommand' to run commands after the container is created.
+    //"postCreateCommand": "uname -a",
+
+	"mounts": ["source=contoso-data,target=/contoso-data,type=volume"],
+
+	// Comment out connect as root instead. More info: https://aka.ms/vscode-remote/containers/non-root.
+	"remoteUser": "vscode",
+
+	"features": {
+		"azure-cli": "latest",
+		"github-cli": "latest",
+		"kubectl": "latest",
+		"terraform": "latest"
+	}
+
+}