Logic to make linters robust to adversarial comments

[MichaelChirico]

Split of from #2899. Progress on #2737.

I tried to include here those linters that only fail under "adversarial" commenting, which is a bit subjective, the idea is to basically only consider cases of comments that are not particularly common in practice. In practice that means those listed in the NEWS on #2899 without an associated issue.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 99.24%. Comparing base (2b70b52) to head (617b893).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #2901   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   99.24%   99.24%           
=======================================
  Files         129      129           
  Lines        7282     7298   +16     
=======================================
+ Hits         7227     7243   +16     
  Misses         55       55           

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[MichaelChirico]

Bumping :)