ssl: fix flaky test case test_ctx_client_session_cb_tls13_exception #1288

Job	Run time
openssl-1.0.2u	53s
openssl-1.1.0l	59s
openssl-1.1.1w	1m 5s
openssl-3.0.15	1m 5s
openssl-3.1.7	1m 1s
openssl-3.2.3	59s
openssl-3.3.2	56s
openssl-3.4.0	1m 3s
openssl-master	3m 43s
libressl-3.1.5	55s
libressl-3.2.7	1m 0s
libressl-3.3.6	1m 2s
libressl-3.4.3	59s
libressl-3.5.3	1m 5s
libressl-3.6.3	59s
libressl-3.7.3	1m 3s
libressl-3.8.4	59s
libressl-3.9.2	59s
libressl-4.0.0	56s
openssl-3.0.15 with fips provider	57s
openssl-3.1.7 with fips provider	54s
openssl-3.2.3 with fips provider	50s
openssl-3.3.2 with fips provider	49s
openssl-3.4.0 with fips provider	56s
openssl-master with fips provider	3m 43s
openssl-3.4.0 without legacy provider	57s
ruby-versions / Generate Ruby versions	2s
ubuntu-22.04 2.7	1m 4s
ubuntu-22.04 3.0	56s
ubuntu-22.04 3.1	1m 1s
ubuntu-22.04 3.2	56s
ubuntu-22.04 3.3	58s
ubuntu-22.04 head	57s
ubuntu-22.04 truffleruby	1m 31s
ubuntu-22.04 truffleruby-head	1m 50s
ubuntu-20.04 2.7	1m 3s
ubuntu-20.04 3.0	56s
ubuntu-20.04 3.1	56s
ubuntu-20.04 3.2	56s
ubuntu-20.04 3.3	59s
ubuntu-20.04 head	55s
ubuntu-20.04 truffleruby	1m 31s
ubuntu-20.04 truffleruby-head	1m 42s
macos-latest 2.7	56s
macos-latest 3.0	35s
macos-latest 3.1	40s
macos-latest 3.2	42s
macos-latest 3.3	36s
macos-latest head	37s
macos-latest truffleruby	1m 28s
macos-latest truffleruby-head	1m 5s
windows-latest 2.7	5m 40s
windows-latest 3.0	4m 15s
windows-latest 3.1	4m 12s
windows-latest 3.2	4m 17s
windows-latest 3.3	5m 9s
windows-latest head	4m 40s
windows-latest ucrt	4m 6s
windows-latest mswin	3m 51s
	1h 31m 49s

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