This is how to make a bootable ExFAT USB drive for Windows 10 inside macOS. It's ghetto but works :) Took about 6 minutes on Mac Mini M1.
CREDIT FOR UEFI:NTFS BOOT, WITH PERMISSION LOL: Rufus Team, UEFI:NTFS
Open terminal and run the following commands:
git clone https://github.com/sawyermade/macos_win10_usb.git
cd macos_win10_usb
Make sure to pick the correct disk number and USB size in GB
chmod +x win10_usb_create.sh
./win10_usb_create.sh
~/GIT/macos_win10_usb (master*) » ./win10_usb_create.sh
/dev/disk0 (internal):
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: GUID_partition_scheme 251.0 GB disk0
1: Apple_APFS_ISC 524.3 MB disk0s1
2: Apple_APFS Container disk3 245.1 GB disk0s2
3: Apple_APFS_Recovery 5.4 GB disk0s3
/dev/disk3 (synthesized):
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: APFS Container Scheme - +245.1 GB disk3
Physical Store disk0s2
1: APFS Volume Macintosh HD 15.2 GB disk3s1
2: APFS Snapshot com.apple.os.update-... 15.2 GB disk3s1s1
3: APFS Volume Preboot 399.0 MB disk3s2
4: APFS Volume Recovery 836.0 MB disk3s3
5: APFS Volume Data 143.7 GB disk3s5
6: APFS Volume VM 1.1 GB disk3s6
/dev/disk4 (external, physical):
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: GUID_partition_scheme *32.1 GB disk4
1: Microsoft Basic Data WIN10 6.0 GB disk4s2
2: Microsoft Basic Data UEFI_NTFS 99.6 MB disk4s3
(free space) 25.8 GB -
/dev/disk6 (external, physical):
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: GUID_partition_scheme *1.0 TB disk6
1: EFI EFI 209.7 MB disk6s1
2: Apple_APFS Container disk7 1000.0 GB disk6s2
/dev/disk7 (synthesized):
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: APFS Container Scheme - +1000.0 GB disk7
Physical Store disk6s2
1: APFS Volume BackupMM 212.9 GB disk7s1
2: APFS Volume BackupMBP 397.4 GB disk7s2
Enter disk number. Example: 4: 4
Enter USB Size in GB. Example: 16: 32
Path to Windows 10 ISO: ~/Downloads/windows_10_pro_x64_vl-2004_REPACK.iso
Started partitioning on disk4
Unmounting disk
Creating the partition map
Waiting for partitions to activate
Formatting disk4s2 as ExFAT with name WIN10
Volume name : WIN10
Partition offset : 411648 sectors (210763776 bytes)
Volume size : 11718656 sectors (5999951872 bytes)
Bytes per sector : 512
Bytes per cluster: 32768
FAT offset : 2048 sectors (1048576 bytes)
# FAT sectors : 2048
Number of FATs : 1
Cluster offset : 4096 sectors (2097152 bytes)
# Clusters : 183040
Volume Serial # : 62d96d46
Bitmap start : 2
Bitmap file size : 22880
Upcase start : 3
Upcase file size : 5836
Root start : 4
Mounting disk
Formatting disk4s3 as MS-DOS (FAT32) with name UEFI_NTFS
512 bytes per physical sector
/dev/rdisk4s3: 191534 sectors in 191534 FAT32 clusters (512 bytes/cluster)
bps=512 spc=1 res=32 nft=2 mid=0xf8 spt=32 hds=16 hid=12130304 drv=0x80 bsec=194560 bspf=1497 rdcl=2 infs=1 bkbs=6
Mounting disk
Finished partitioning on disk4
Started erase on disk4s1 (EFI)
Unmounting disk
Finished erase on disk4
UEFI files copied successfully.
Copying Windows 10 files from ISO to USB. This will take 5-10 minutes...
Windows 10 bootable ExFAT USB creation complete!
Volume UEFI_NTFS on disk4s3 unmounted
Volume WIN10 on disk4s2 unmounted
Volume win_10_pro_x64_vl on disk5 unmounted
USB has successfully ejected/unmounted and is safe to remove.
This is how to make a bootable NTFS usb drive for Windows 10
CREDIT FOR UEFI BOOT: Rufus Team
You want to enable: Allow user management of kernel extensions from identified developers: Allow installation of software that uses legacy kernel extensions.
OR
Check out this video from Paragon except cmd+R doesnt work on M1, have to hold power button
OR
Run in the terminal:
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
Run the following commands in the terminal and reboot to be safe that the extensions are loaded.
Run in terminal:
brew tap gromgit/homebrew-fuse
brew install --cask macfuse
brew install ntfs-3g-mac
Restart the Mac to be sure it will work correctly.
Open terminal and run the following commands:
git clone https://github.com/sawyermade/macos_win10_usb.git
cd macos_win10_usb
Insert USB drive and run the following commands in the terminal opened above.
List disk and find your usb drive. It will be an (external, physical) and look for name that is mounted on Desktop
diskutil list
Example: On Desktop name is "Windows"
/dev/disk4 (external, physical):
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: FDisk_partition_scheme *32.1 GB disk4
1: Windows_NTFS Windows 32.1 GB disk4s1
Make sure USB drive is at least 16GB or choose different parition sizes (advanced).
For this example, we will be using disk4 which was found from the step above. Replace disk4 with your disk number.
diskutil partitionDisk /dev/disk4 3 GPT FAT32 WIN 14GB FAT32 UEFI_NTFS 100M "Free Space" "Free Space" 0
Now list disks again to see changes:
diskutil list
Example: disk4 example found above using 32GB USB
/dev/disk4 (external, physical):
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: GUID_partition_scheme *32.1 GB disk4
1: EFI EFI 209.7 MB disk4s1
2: Microsoft Basic Data WIN 14.0 GB disk4s2
3: Microsoft Basic Data UEFI_NTFS 99.6 MB disk4s3
(free space) 17.8 GB -
Run these commands in the terminal opened above. Replace disk4 with disk number found above.
diskutil unmount /dev/disk4s2
mkntfs -f -L win10_install /dev/disk4s2
diskutil eraseVolume free free disk4s1
Run diskutil list to verify changes:
diskutil list
Example output with disk being disk4, removes above EFI partition:
/dev/disk4 (external, physical):
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: GUID_partition_scheme *32.1 GB disk4
1: Microsoft Basic Data win10_install 14.0 GB disk4s1
2: Microsoft Basic Data UEFI_NTFS 99.6 MB disk4s2
(free space) 17.8 GB -
sudo mkdir /Volumes/ntfs
sudo mount -t ntfs -o rw,auto,nobrowse /dev/disk4s2 /Volumes/ntfs
Copy Rufus UEFI Files
From within the macos_win10_usb directory
cp -r UEFI_NTFS/* /Volumes/UEFI_NTFS
Double click the ISO file and it will automatically mount it. Depending on ISO name, which will be shown on the Desktop.
In my case, name is win_10_pro_x64_vl and mounted at /Volumes/win_10_pro_x64_vl
This will take a while (5-10 min), so using verbose so you can see progress:
cp -rv /Volumes/win_10_pro_x64_vl/* /Volumes/ntfs/
sudo umount /Volumes/ntfs
diskutil unmount /Volumes/UEFI_NTFS
Once ejected/unmounted from mac and placed into your computer, you load the UEFI boot menu for your motherboard/computer and select your USB drive Partition 2 and it should boot. Its a little ghetto, but works and contributions are welcome.