feat!: initial support for timestamp

[Dustin-Ray]

Rationale for this change

Provides the initial typing support for a postgresql-like TimeStamp type. The proofs TimeStampTZ is typed over a custom TimeUnit and TimeZone type.

The choice is made to type out TimeStamp in this way because the arrow::datatypes::TimeStamp has a required TimeUnit field and an Option TimeZone field. Typing out our own TimeStamp with these fields gives us greater control over the arrow type if we want. We can also jut default to seconds and UTC if needed, which would simplify this design a bit.

Typing Rationale

The arrow::datatypes::timezone is typed over a TimeUnit and an optional timezone Option<Arc<str>>. Thus in our application it makes sense to have a mapping of this metadata:

example:

// arrow datatype mapping to our new timestamp type
DataType::Timestamp(time_unit, timezone_option) => Ok(ColumnType::TimestampTZ(
    PoSQLTimeUnit::from(time_unit),
    PoSQLTimeZone::try_from(timezone_option)?,
)),

If this becomes burdensome, we could just as easily remove the timezone type and simply default to UTC, and handle any timezone conversion in DML and DDL. We will align with postgresql and store all times as UTC by default.

Finally, the PoSQLTimeUnit type gives us the flexibility to store times in either seconds, milliseconds, nanoseconds, or microseconds for high precision. This type maps directly to TimeUnit which we alias as ArrowTimeUnit in this PR.

What changes are included in this PR?

Typing updates:

• Column
• OwnedColumn
• CommittableColumn
• ColumnBounds
• Typed TimeZone
• Typed TimeUnit
• impl ArrayRefExt for ArrayRef -> to_curve_25519_scalar & to_column
• LiteralValue
• owned_and_arrow_conversions
• impl<S: Scalar> FromIterator<i64> for OwnedColumn<S>
• impl<CP: CommitmentEvaluationProof> DataAccessor<CP::Scalar> for OwnedTableTestAccessor<CP>
• owned_table_utility
• test accessor_utility
• multi-linear-extension
• Scalar trait bounds
• compute_dory_commitment
• filter_column_by_index
• prover_evaluate
• sum_aggregate_column_by_index_counts
• compare_indexes_by_columns
• impl ProvableQueryResult
• to_owned_table
• trait ProvableResultColumn
• make_empty_query_result
• record_batch_dataframe_conversion
• impl ToArrow for RecordBatch

Are these changes tested?

Tests:

• TimeUnit Conversions
• ColumnBounds
• ColumnCommitmentMetadata
• arrow_array_to_column_conversion
• column
• owned_table

Split:

• lalrpop grammar update and token parsing
• timestamp.now()
• timestamp.current_time()

[JayWhite2357]

Looks mostly good to me.
This should be marked as a breaking change since it will require an update of upstream crates.

[iajoiner]

Can we add some tests in query_expr_tests.rs and integration_tests.rs as well?

[github-actions]

🎉 This PR is included in version 0.2.0 🎉

The release is available on GitHub release

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