Merge branch 'spf13:main' into patch-1

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
 
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - run: >-
           docker run
@@ -39,17 +39,17 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
 
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v3
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v4
         with:
-          go-version: '^1.20'
+          go-version: '^1.21'
           check-latest: true
           cache: true
 
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
-      - uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v3.5.0
+      - uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v3.7.0
         with:
           version: latest
           args: --verbose
@@ -67,13 +67,14 @@ jobs:
         - 18
         - 19
         - 20
+        - 21
     name: '${{ matrix.platform }} | 1.${{ matrix.go }}.x'
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform }}-latest
     steps:
 
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
-    - uses: actions/setup-go@v3
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v4
       with:
         go-version: 1.${{ matrix.go }}.x
         cache: true
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ jobs:
           unzip
           mingw-w64-x86_64-go
 
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
     - uses: actions/cache@v3
       with:

.golangci.yml

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ linters:
   disable-all: true
   enable:
     #- bodyclose
-    - deadcode
+    # - deadcode ! deprecated since v1.49.0; replaced by 'unused'
     #- depguard
     #- dogsled
     #- dupl
@@ -51,12 +51,12 @@ linters:
     #- rowserrcheck
     #- scopelint
     #- staticcheck
-    - structcheck
+    #- structcheck ! deprecated since v1.49.0; replaced by 'unused'
     #- stylecheck
     #- typecheck
     - unconvert
     #- unparam
-    #- unused
-    - varcheck
+    - unused
+    # - varcheck ! deprecated since v1.49.0; replaced by 'unused'
     #- whitespace
   fast: false

README.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Cobra is a library for creating powerful modern CLI applications.
 
 Cobra is used in many Go projects such as [Kubernetes](https://kubernetes.io/),
 [Hugo](https://gohugo.io), and [GitHub CLI](https://github.com/cli/cli) to
-name a few. [This list](./projects_using_cobra.md) contains a more extensive list of projects using Cobra.
+name a few. [This list](site/content/projects_using_cobra.md) contains a more extensive list of projects using Cobra.
 
 [![](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/spf13/cobra/test.yml?branch=main&longCache=true&label=Test&logo=github%20actions&logoColor=fff)](https://github.com/spf13/cobra/actions?query=workflow%3ATest)
 [![Go Reference](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/spf13/cobra.svg)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/spf13/cobra)
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ which maintains the same interface while adding POSIX compliance.
 
 # Installing
 Using Cobra is easy. First, use `go get` to install the latest version
-of the library.     
+of the library.
 
 ```
 go get -u github.com/spf13/cobra@latest
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ go install github.com/spf13/cobra-cli@latest
 
 For complete details on using the Cobra-CLI generator, please read [The Cobra Generator README](https://github.com/spf13/cobra-cli/blob/main/README.md)
 
-For complete details on using the Cobra library, please read the [The Cobra User Guide](user_guide.md).
+For complete details on using the Cobra library, please read the [The Cobra User Guide](site/content/user_guide.md).
 
 # License
 
-Cobra is released under the Apache 2.0 license. See [LICENSE.txt](https://github.com/spf13/cobra/blob/master/LICENSE.txt)
+Cobra is released under the Apache 2.0 license. See [LICENSE.txt](LICENSE.txt)

active_help.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ package cobra
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"regexp"
 	"strings"
 )
 
@@ -29,6 +30,8 @@ const (
 	activeHelpGlobalDisable = "0"
 )
 
+var activeHelpEnvVarPrefixSubstRegexp = regexp.MustCompile(`[^A-Z0-9_]`)
+
 // AppendActiveHelp adds the specified string to the specified array to be used as ActiveHelp.
 // Such strings will be processed by the completion script and will be shown as ActiveHelp
 // to the user.
@@ -42,7 +45,7 @@ func AppendActiveHelp(compArray []string, activeHelpStr string) []string {
 
 // GetActiveHelpConfig returns the value of the ActiveHelp environment variable
 // <PROGRAM>_ACTIVE_HELP where <PROGRAM> is the name of the root command in upper
-// case, with all - replaced by _.
+// case, with all non-ASCII-alphanumeric characters replaced by `_`.
 // It will always return "0" if the global environment variable COBRA_ACTIVE_HELP
 // is set to "0".
 func GetActiveHelpConfig(cmd *Command) string {
@@ -55,9 +58,10 @@ func GetActiveHelpConfig(cmd *Command) string {
 
 // activeHelpEnvVar returns the name of the program-specific ActiveHelp environment
 // variable.  It has the format <PROGRAM>_ACTIVE_HELP where <PROGRAM> is the name of the
-// root command in upper case, with all - replaced by _.
+// root command in upper case, with all non-ASCII-alphanumeric characters replaced by `_`.
 func activeHelpEnvVar(name string) string {
 	// This format should not be changed: users will be using it explicitly.
 	activeHelpEnvVar := strings.ToUpper(fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", name, activeHelpEnvVarSuffix))
-	return strings.ReplaceAll(activeHelpEnvVar, "-", "_")
+	activeHelpEnvVar = activeHelpEnvVarPrefixSubstRegexp.ReplaceAllString(activeHelpEnvVar, "_")
+	return activeHelpEnvVar
 }

cobra.go

@@ -43,9 +43,10 @@ var initializers []func()
 var finalizers []func()
 
 const (
-	defaultPrefixMatching  = false
-	defaultCommandSorting  = true
-	defaultCaseInsensitive = false
+	defaultPrefixMatching   = false
+	defaultCommandSorting   = true
+	defaultCaseInsensitive  = false
+	defaultTraverseRunHooks = false
 )
 
 // EnablePrefixMatching allows setting automatic prefix matching. Automatic prefix matching can be a dangerous thing
@@ -60,6 +61,10 @@ var EnableCommandSorting = defaultCommandSorting
 // EnableCaseInsensitive allows case-insensitive commands names. (case sensitive by default)
 var EnableCaseInsensitive = defaultCaseInsensitive
 
+// EnableTraverseRunHooks executes persistent pre-run and post-run hooks from all parents.
+// By default this is disabled, which means only the first run hook to be found is executed.
+var EnableTraverseRunHooks = defaultTraverseRunHooks
+
 // MousetrapHelpText enables an information splash screen on Windows
 // if the CLI is started from explorer.exe.
 // To disable the mousetrap, just set this variable to blank string ("").

command.go

@@ -115,6 +115,8 @@ type Command struct {
 	//   * PostRun()
 	//   * PersistentPostRun()
 	// All functions get the same args, the arguments after the command name.
+	// The *PreRun and *PostRun functions will only be executed if the Run function of the current
+	// command has been declared.
 	//
 	// PersistentPreRun: children of this command will inherit and execute.
 	PersistentPreRun func(cmd *Command, args []string)
@@ -181,6 +183,9 @@ type Command struct {
 	// versionTemplate is the version template defined by user.
 	versionTemplate string
 
+	// errPrefix is the error message prefix defined by user.
+	errPrefix string
+
 	// inReader is a reader defined by the user that replaces stdin
 	inReader io.Reader
 	// outWriter is a writer defined by the user that replaces stdout
@@ -346,6 +351,11 @@ func (c *Command) SetVersionTemplate(s string) {
 	c.versionTemplate = s
 }
 
+// SetErrPrefix sets error message prefix to be used. Application can use it to set custom prefix.
+func (c *Command) SetErrPrefix(s string) {
+	c.errPrefix = s
+}
+
 // SetGlobalNormalizationFunc sets a normalization function to all flag sets and also to child commands.
 // The user should not have a cyclic dependency on commands.
 func (c *Command) SetGlobalNormalizationFunc(n func(f *flag.FlagSet, name string) flag.NormalizedName) {
@@ -595,6 +605,18 @@ func (c *Command) VersionTemplate() string {
 `
 }
 
+// ErrPrefix return error message prefix for the command
+func (c *Command) ErrPrefix() string {
+	if c.errPrefix != "" {
+		return c.errPrefix
+	}
+
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		return c.parent.ErrPrefix()
+	}
+	return "Error:"
+}
+
 func hasNoOptDefVal(name string, fs *flag.FlagSet) bool {
 	flag := fs.Lookup(name)
 	if flag == nil {
@@ -752,7 +774,9 @@ func (c *Command) findNext(next string) *Command {
 	}
 
 	if len(matches) == 1 {
-		return matches[0]
+		// Temporarily disable gosec G602, which produces a false positive.
+		// See https://github.com/securego/gosec/issues/1005.
+		return matches[0] // #nosec G602
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -910,15 +934,31 @@ func (c *Command) execute(a []string) (err error) {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	parents := make([]*Command, 0, 5)
 	for p := c; p != nil; p = p.Parent() {
+		if EnableTraverseRunHooks {
+			// When EnableTraverseRunHooks is set:
+			// - Execute all persistent pre-runs from the root parent till this command.
+			// - Execute all persistent post-runs from this command till the root parent.
+			parents = append([]*Command{p}, parents...)
+		} else {
+			// Otherwise, execute only the first found persistent hook.
+			parents = append(parents, p)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, p := range parents {
 		if p.PersistentPreRunE != nil {
 			if err := p.PersistentPreRunE(c, argWoFlags); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
-			break
+			if !EnableTraverseRunHooks {
+				break
+			}
 		} else if p.PersistentPreRun != nil {
 			p.PersistentPreRun(c, argWoFlags)
-			break
+			if !EnableTraverseRunHooks {
+				break
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	if c.PreRunE != nil {
@@ -955,10 +995,14 @@ func (c *Command) execute(a []string) (err error) {
 			if err := p.PersistentPostRunE(c, argWoFlags); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
-			break
+			if !EnableTraverseRunHooks {
+				break
+			}
 		} else if p.PersistentPostRun != nil {
 			p.PersistentPostRun(c, argWoFlags)
-			break
+			if !EnableTraverseRunHooks {
+				break
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1048,7 +1092,7 @@ func (c *Command) ExecuteC() (cmd *Command, err error) {
 			c = cmd
 		}
 		if !c.SilenceErrors {
-			c.PrintErrln("Error:", err.Error())
+			c.PrintErrln(c.ErrPrefix(), err.Error())
 			c.PrintErrf("Run '%v --help' for usage.\n", c.CommandPath())
 		}
 		return c, err
@@ -1077,7 +1121,7 @@ func (c *Command) ExecuteC() (cmd *Command, err error) {
 		// If root command has SilenceErrors flagged,
 		// all subcommands should respect it
 		if !cmd.SilenceErrors && !c.SilenceErrors {
-			c.PrintErrln("Error:", err.Error())
+			c.PrintErrln(cmd.ErrPrefix(), err.Error())
 		}
 
 		// If root command has SilenceUsage flagged,
@@ -1402,6 +1446,7 @@ func (c *Command) UseLine() string {
 
 // DebugFlags used to determine which flags have been assigned to which commands
 // and which persist.
+// nolint:goconst
 func (c *Command) DebugFlags() {
 	c.Println("DebugFlags called on", c.Name())
 	var debugflags func(*Command)