schemachange/mixed-versions: handle possible syntax error for BIT(0) …

…column usage

A recent fix enabled support for BIT(0) columns (see issue cockroachdb#132944),
which has since been backported. However, since this backport hasn’t
been released yet, running against an older down-level client may still
trigger a syntax error. This change adds a temporary check to handle
such errors until the backports for cockroachdb#132944 are publicly released.

This adjustment will be backported to older branches, with slight
variations per release:
- release-24.3: Reuse the same fix as in master.
- release-24.2: Use isClusterVersionLessThan with clusterversion.V24.2.
- release-24.1: Use isClusterVersionLessThan with clusterversion.V24.1.
- release-23.2: Use isClusterVersionLessThan with clusterversion.V23.2.

Epic: None
Release note: None
Closes: cockroachdb#133339, cockroachdb#133790, cockroachdb#131162

pkg/workload/schemachange/operation_generator.go

@@ -1278,6 +1278,18 @@ func (og *operationGenerator) createTable(ctx context.Context, tx pgx.Tx) (*opSt
 		}
 		return false
 	}()
+	mixedVersionTest, err := isMixedVersionTest(ctx, tx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	hasUnsupportedBit0Type := func() bool {
+		for _, def := range stmt.Defs {
+			if col, ok := def.(*tree.ColumnTableDef); ok && isUnsupportedBit0Type(col.Type.SQLString(), mixedVersionTest) {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+		return false
+	}()
 
 	tableExists, err := og.tableExists(ctx, tx, tableName)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -1297,6 +1309,7 @@ func (og *operationGenerator) createTable(ctx context.Context, tx pgx.Tx) (*opSt
 	opStmt.potentialExecErrors.addAll(codesWithConditions{
 		{code: pgcode.Syntax, condition: hasVectorType},
 		{code: pgcode.FeatureNotSupported, condition: hasVectorType},
+		{code: pgcode.InvalidParameterValue, condition: hasUnsupportedBit0Type},
 	})
 	opStmt.sql = tree.Serialize(stmt)
 	return opStmt, nil
@@ -3941,11 +3954,17 @@ func (og *operationGenerator) randType(
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, err
 	}
+	mixedVersion, err := isMixedVersionTest(ctx, tx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
 
 	typ := randgen.RandSortingType(og.params.rng)
-	for pgVectorNotSupported && typ.Family() == types.PGVectorFamily {
+	for (pgVectorNotSupported && typ.Family() == types.PGVectorFamily) ||
+		isUnsupportedBit0Type(typ.SQLString(), mixedVersion) {
 		typ = randgen.RandSortingType(og.params.rng)
 	}
+
 	typeName := tree.MakeUnqualifiedTypeName(typ.SQLString())
 	return &typeName, typ, nil
 }
@@ -4139,6 +4158,10 @@ FROM
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	mixedVersion, err := isMixedVersionTest(ctx, tx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
 
 	// Generate random parameters / values for builtin types.
 	for i, typeVal := range randgen.SeedTypes {
@@ -4152,7 +4175,8 @@ FROM
 			typeVal.Family() == types.VoidFamily {
 			continue
 		}
-		if pgVectorNotSupported && typeVal.Family() == types.PGVectorFamily {
+		if pgVectorNotSupported && typeVal.Family() == types.PGVectorFamily ||
+			isUnsupportedBit0Type(typeVal.SQLString(), mixedVersion) {
 			continue
 		}
 
@@ -4808,6 +4832,26 @@ func isClusterVersionLessThan(
 	return clusterVersion.Less(targetVersion), nil
 }
 
+// isMixedVersionTest works similarly to isClusterVersionLessThan, but without
+// specifying a version. It returns true if the cluster version is not the
+// latest, indicating a mixed-version test.
+func isMixedVersionTest(
+	ctx context.Context, tx pgx.Tx,
+) (bool, error) {
+	return isClusterVersionLessThan(ctx, tx, clusterversion.Latest.Version())
+}
+
+func isUnsupportedBit0Type(
+	typName string, mixedVersion bool,
+) bool {
+	// TODO(spilchen): In mixed-version tests, declaring a BIT(0) column can cause a
+	// syntax error. Support for this type was recently added and backported, but the
+	// backport release is still pending. We need to regenerate the type until
+	// something other than BIT(0) is generated. This can be removed once 24.2.5 is
+	// publicly released.
+	return mixedVersion && strings.HasPrefix(typName, "BIT(0)")
+}
+
 func (og *operationGenerator) setSeedInDB(ctx context.Context, tx pgx.Tx) error {
 	if notSupported, err := isClusterVersionLessThan(ctx, tx, clusterversion.V24_1.Version()); err != nil {
 		return err