System Tar & Restore

• About
• Distribution Packages
• Requirements
• Things you can do
• Backup Mode
• Restore/Transfer Mode
• Notes
• Examples using arguments

ABOUT

System tar & restore contains two bash scripts, the main program star.sh and a gui wrapper star-gui.sh.
Three modes are available: Backup, Restore and Transfer.

Supported distributions: Arch, Debian/Ubuntu, Fedora, openSUSE, Gentoo, Mandriva/Mageia

Stable Releases

DISTRIBUTION PACKAGES

Archlinux
See the wiki page.

Gentoo
The package is provided by the gentoo-el overlay. You can install it with the following commands as root. (you need to have layman installed and configured)

layman -a gentoo-el  
emerge app-backup/system-tar-and-restore

REQUIREMENTS

• gtkdialog 0.8.3 or later (for the gui)
• tar 1.27 or later (acls and xattrs support)
• rsync (for Transfer Mode)
• wget (for downloading backup archives)
• gptfdisk/gdisk (for GPT and Syslinux)
• openssl/gpg (for encryption)

THINGS YOU CAN DO

• Full system or partial backup
• Restore or transfer to the same or different disk/partition layout.
• Restore or transfer to an external device such as usb flash drive, sd card etc.
• Restore a BIOS-based system to UEFI and vice versa.
• Prepare a system in a virtual machine (such as virtualbox), back it up and restore it in a normal machine.

BACKUP MODE

With this mode you can make a tar backup archive of your system. You can define:

• Archive filename: A desired name for the backup archive. Default is Backup-$(hostname)-$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S).
• Destination directory: Set where you want to save the backup archive. Default is /.
• Home directory: You have three options: fully include it, keep only it's hidden files and folders (which are necessary to login and keep basic settings) or completely exclude it (in case it's located in separate partition and you want to use that in restore mode).
• Compression: You can choose between gzip, bzip2, xz and none (for no compression). Gzip should be fine.
• Encryption method and passphrase: Select encryption method (openssl or gpg) and enter a passphrase if you want to encrypt the archive.
• Archiver options: You can pass your own extra options in the archiver. See tar --help for more info.

The script can read input from /etc/backup.conf. Alternative path can be specified: star.sh /path/backup.conf -i 0 or star-gui.sh /path/backup.conf. See the provided sample or use -g, --generate to generate a configuration file.

When the process completes, you may want to check backup.log file in the same directory with the backup archive.

RESTORE/TRANSFER MODE

Restore mode uses the above created archive to extract it in desired partition(s). Transfer mode transfers your system in desired partition(s) using rsync. Then, in both cases, the script generates the target system's fstab, rebuilds initramfs for every available kernel, generates locales and finally installs and configures the selected bootloader.

Boot from a livecd - preferably one of the target (backed up) distro - or another existing system, prepare your target partition(s) and start the script. You can define:

• Target partitions: You must specify a target root partition. Optionally you can choose any other partition for your /home, /boot, swap or custom mount points (/var /opt etc.) and in case of UEFI a target ESP partition and it's mount point (/boot/efi or /boot).
• Mount options: You can specify alternative comma-seperated mount options for the target root partition. Defaults are defaults,noatime.
• Btrfs subvolumes: If the target root filesystem is Btrfs, you can create subvolumes. Set the root subvolume name and also you can specify other subvolumes. Just enter the paths (/home /var /usr etc.) seperated by space. Recommended root subvolume name is __active.
• Bootloader: In BIOS systems you can choose Grub (version 2) or Syslinux and the target device. If you select a raid array as bootloader device, the script will install the bootloader in all devices that the array contains. In case of UEFI you can choose Grub, EFISTUB/efibootmgr or Systemd/bootctl. Also you can define additional kernel options.
• Modes: In Restore mode you have to specify the backup archive (local path or remote url). If the archive is encrypted you must specify the passphrase. In Transfer mode you can choose if you want to transfer your entire /home directory, only it's hidden files and folders (which are necessary to login and keep basic settings) or exclude it.
• Tar/Rsync options: You may want to specify any additional options. See tar --help or rsync --help for more info.

When the process completes check /tmp/restore.log.

See star.sh --help for all available options.

NOTES

• In case of Gentoo initramfs is optional. You can use -D, --use-genkernel in Restore/Transfer mode to enable initramfs building via genkernel.

• In the target system, the script saves configuration files before generate/modify them with -old suffix.

• In case of UEFI, you must boot in UEFI enviroment to restore a system. The script will check if /sys/firmware/efi exists and act accordingly. You must create an EFI System Partition.

• Some tested Restore/Transfer scenarios are included in the table below.

Tested scenarios

TARGET PARTITION	MOUNTPOINT	BOOTLOADER	SYSTEM	NOTES
/dev/sdX1	/	Grub Syslinux	BIOS MBR
/dev/sdX2 /dev/sdX1 /dev/sdX3 /dev/sdX4	/ /boot /home /var	Grub Syslinux	BIOS MBR
/dev/md0	/	Grub Syslinux	BIOS MBR	level=1 metadata=1.0
/dev/md1 /dev/md0*	/ /boot	Syslinux	BIOS GPT	level=1 metadata=1.0*
/dev/sdX2 /dev/sdX1	/ /boot	Grub Syslinux	BIOS MBR	btrfs Root Subvolume: __active Other Subvolumes: /home /usr /var /opt
/dev/mapper/A-B /dev/sdX1* /dev/sdX3	/ /boot	Grub Syslinux	BIOS GPT	lvm Grub needs BIOS Boot Partition*
/dev/mapper/A-B /dev/sdX1 /dev/mapper/A-C /dev/mapper/A-D /dev/mapper/X	/ /boot /home swap	Grub Syslinux	BIOS MBR	lvm on luks
/dev/mapper/A-B /dev/md1 /dev/md0*	/ /boot	Syslinux	BIOS GPT	lvm on mdadm level=1 metadata=1.0*
/dev/mapper/A-B /dev/mapper/X /dev/md1 /dev/md0*	/ /boot	Syslinux	BIOS GPT	lvm on luks on mdadm level=1 metadata=1.0*
/dev/mapper/X /dev/sdX1	/ /boot	Grub Syslinux	BIOS MBR	luks
/dev/mapper/X /dev/A/B /dev/sdX1	/ /boot	Grub Syslinux	BIOS MBR	luks on lvm
/dev/mapper/X /dev/md1 /dev/md0*	/ /boot	Syslinux	BIOS GPT	luks on mdadm level=1 metadata=1.0*
/dev/mapper/X /dev/mapper/A-B /dev/md1 /dev/md0*	/ /boot	Syslinux	BIOS GPT	luks on lvm on mdadm level=1 metadata=1.0*
/dev/sdX2 /dev/sdX1*	/ /boot/efi	Grub EFISTUB/efibootmgr Systemd/bootctl	UEFI GPT	ESP* efibootmgr 0.12 efivar 0.21 systemd >= 222
/dev/sdX2 /dev/sdX1*	/ /boot	Grub EFISTUB/efibootmgr Systemd/bootctl	UEFI GPT	ESP* efibootmgr 0.12 efivar 0.21 systemd >= 222
/dev/mapper/X /dev/sdX2 /dev/sdX1*	/ /boot /boot/efi	Grub EFISTUB/efibootmgr Systemd/bootctl	UEFI GPT	luks ESP* efibootmgr 0.12 efivar 0.21 systemd >= 222

EXAMPLES USING ARGUMENTS

Backup Mode:

• Destination: /home/john/
• Compression: gzip
• Additional options: --exclude=/home/john/.cache/* --warning=none

star.sh -i 0 -d /home/john/ -c gzip -u "--exclude=/home/john/.cache/* --warning=none"

• Destination: /home/john/
• Compression: xz
• Exclude /home directory

star.sh -i 0 -d /home/john/ -c xz -H 2

• Destination: /home/john/
• Compression: bzip2
• Keep only /home's hidden files and folders
• Encryption

star.sh -i 0 -d /home/john/ -c bzip2 -E openssl -P 1234 -H 1

Restore Mode:

• root: /dev/sdb1
• grub
• local archive

star.sh -i 1 -r /dev/sdb1 -G /dev/sdb -f /home/john/backup.tar.gz

• root: /dev/sdb1, /home: /dev/sdb2, swap: /dev/sdb3
• syslinux
• remote archive on ftp server

star.sh -i 1 -r /dev/sdb1 -h /dev/sdb2 -s /dev/sdb3 -S /dev/sdb -f ftp://server/backup.tar.xz

• root: /dev/md1, /boot: /dev/md0
• local archive
• syslinux

star.sh -i 1 -r /dev/md1 -b /dev/md0 -f /home/john/backup.tar.gz -S /dev/md0

• root: /dev/sdb1
• syslinux
• remote file in protected http server

star.sh -i 1 -r /dev/sdb1 -S /dev/sdb -f http://server/backup.tar.gz -y username -p password

• root: /dev/sda2, esp: /dev/sda1
• local archive
• grub

star.sh -i 1 -r /dev/sda2 -e /dev/sda1 -l /boot/efi -G auto -f /home/john/backup.tar.gz

Transfer Mode:

• root: /dev/sda1 (ssd)
• syslinux
• kernel options: nomodeset

star.sh -i 2 -r /dev/sda1 -m discard,errors=remount-ro -S /dev/sda -k nomodeset

• root: /dev/mapper/debian-root, /boot: /dev/sdb1
• grub

star.sh -i 2 -r /dev/mapper/debian-root -b /dev/sdb1 -G /dev/sdb

• root: /dev/sda2 (btrfs with compression), /boot: /dev/sda1
• root subvolume: __active
• /var, /usr and /home subvolumes
• syslinux

star.sh -i 2 -r /dev/sda2 -m compress=lzo -b /dev/sda1 -S /dev/sda -R __active -B "/var /usr /home"

• root: /dev/sdb2, /boot: /dev/sdb1, /var: /dev/sdb4, /usr: /dev/sdb3
• transfer /home's hidden files and folders only
• grub

star.sh -i 2 -r /dev/sdb2 -b /dev/sdb1 -t "/var=/dev/sdb4 /usr=/dev/sdb3" -G /dev/sdb -H 1