Update qiskit requirement from ~=0.45.1 to ~=1.0.1

[dependabot]

This write-up summarizes the comments made in this PR.

When to merge this PR:

This PR can't be merged until pennylane-qiskit and cirq are compatible with this version of qiskit.

Right now, the circuit converter breaks because cirq-core uses OpenQASM2.

qiskit.qasm was removed in qiskit==1.0.1 to distinguish between qiskit.qasm2 and qiskit.qasm3.

Links to release notes for the converter:

• https://docs.quantum.ibm.com/api/migration-guides/qiskit-1.0-features#qiskitconverters
• https://docs.quantum.ibm.com/api/migration-guides/qiskit-1.0-features#qiskitqasm

In addition, pennylane-qiskit still depends on qiskit==0.45.3. All pennylane related build failures are from 0.34.0 where deprecated qiskit.extensions is imported. Bumping up to 0.34.1 leads to dependency conflicts.

The conflict is caused by:
    mitiq[development] 0.34.0 depends on qiskit~=1.0.1; extra == "development"
    bqskit[ext] 1.0.4 depends on qiskit>=0.36.2; extra == "ext"
    pennylane-qiskit 0.34.1 depends on qiskit<0.46 and >=0.32

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Dependabot Notes

Updates the requirements on qiskit to permit the latest version.

Release notes

Sourced from qiskit's releases.

Qiskit 1.0.1

Release notes: https://docs.quantum.ibm.com/api/qiskit/release-notes/1.0

Changelog

Fixed:

• Fix an unchecked condition in InverseCancellation (#11834)
• Fix PropertySet re-use in BasePassManager.run (#11787)
• Fix custom pulse instruction conversion to Qobj (#11829)
• Fix scheduling units (#11817)

Commits

• ee81e3e Prepare Qiskit 1.0.1 (#11862)
• 77e08e1 Fix an unchecked condition in InverseCancellation (#11834) (#11867)
• 150c534 Fix PropertySet re-use in BasePassManager.run (#11787) (#11864)
• a3b91e6 Remove Qiskit 0.45 and 0.46 release notes from 1.0 (#11840)
• 9387b96 Fix custom pulse instruction conversion to Qobj. (#11829) (#11838)
• 31616dd Add call functions to synthesis docs (#11848) (#11854)
• 47fd363 Add rust file support to verify_headers.py and check crates/ (#11850) (#11852)
• b5311eb Deduplicate SliceOrInt (#11844) (#11853)
• a0fc1b9 Improve performance of CircuitData::__getitem__ (#11842) (#11843)
• beb7310 quantum-computing.ibm.com is going to disappear, eventually (#11830) (#11832)
• Additional commits viewable in compare view

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[purva-thakre]

A large number of the ImportError: cannot import name 'extensions' from 'qiskit' errors are related to pennylane. I think we will have to wait for pennylane to move to qiskit==1.0.1 to avoid circuit conversion errors.

https://github.com/unitaryfund/mitiq/actions/runs/8053215644/job/21995073925?pr=2207#step:6:4303

https://github.com/PennyLaneAI/pennylane-qiskit/blob/4eceeb835f3b22e9ab641e645b472035ea3c69e6/requirements.txt#L27

PennyLaneAI/pennylane-qiskit#441 (comment)

Link to the release notes: https://docs.quantum.ibm.com/api/qiskit/release-notes/1.0#qiskit-10-release-notes

[purva-thakre]

Other errors are due to qasm circuit conversion issues: QuantumCircuit.qasm() can't be used with qiskit 1.0.1.

Right now, I think from cirq.contrib.qasm_import import circuit_from_qasm might not work after the .qasm method was removed. We might also have to wait for a new release from cirq.

Will add more on this later. I can't find where the .qasm() is used in cirq.

https://docs.quantum.ibm.com/api/migration-guides/qiskit-1.0-features#quantumcircuitqasm
Qiskit/qiskit#10533 (comment)

[purva-thakre]

Locally, most of the make test errors are related to pennylane-qiskit: ImportError: cannot import name 'extensions' from 'qiskit'.

There are other qiskit related test failures but those are either fixable through the release notes or appear to be a cirq <-> OpenQasm2.0 issue.

Will add more details later on which dependency: AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'add_qubit' is related to something in qasm which is could be a problem of the cirq <-> qasm converter. cirq does not use .qasm() method for their converter but relies on OpenQASM 2.0.

https://docs.quantum.ibm.com/api/migration-guides/qiskit-1.0-features#qiskitconverters

https://github.com/search?q=repo%3AQiskit%2Fqiskit%20add_qubit&type=code

I don't know why pip is struggling to resolve the dependency in the failing tests. Locally, there were no issues in a py311 virtual environment. Will try specifying the approximate versions.

[purva-thakre]

This change is reducing the dependency by 1 version only.

https://github.com/executablebooks/MyST-NB/releases

[dependabot]

A newer version of qiskit exists, but since this PR has been edited by someone other than Dependabot I haven't updated it. You'll get a PR for the updated version as normal once this PR is merged.

[purva-thakre]

Closing this as #2269 already has the changes from this PR.

[dependabot]

OK, I won't notify you again about this release, but will get in touch when a new version is available. If you'd rather skip all updates until the next major or minor version, let me know by commenting @dependabot ignore this major version or @dependabot ignore this minor version. You can also ignore all major, minor, or patch releases for a dependency by adding an ignore condition with the desired update_types to your config file.

If you change your mind, just re-open this PR and I'll resolve any conflicts on it.