apacheGH-43996: [Java] Mark new allocated ArrowSchema as released (ap…

…ache#43997)

### Rationale for this change

As described in apache#43996.

### What changes are included in this PR?

### Are these changes tested?

### Are there any user-facing changes?

* GitHub Issue: apache#43996

Authored-by: Liang-Chi Hsieh <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David Li <[email protected]>

java/c/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/c/ArrowSchema.java

@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
  */
 public class ArrowSchema implements BaseStruct {
   private static final int SIZE_OF = 72;
+  private static final int INDEX_RELEASE_CALLBACK = 56;
 
   private ArrowBuf data;
 
@@ -103,14 +104,21 @@ public static ArrowSchema wrap(long memoryAddress) {
    * @return A new ArrowSchema instance
    */
   public static ArrowSchema allocateNew(BufferAllocator allocator) {
-    return new ArrowSchema(allocator.buffer(ArrowSchema.SIZE_OF));
+    ArrowSchema schema = new ArrowSchema(allocator.buffer(ArrowSchema.SIZE_OF));
+    schema.markReleased();
+    return schema;
   }
 
   ArrowSchema(ArrowBuf data) {
     checkNotNull(data, "ArrowSchema initialized with a null buffer");
     this.data = data;
   }
 
+  /** Mark the schema as released. */
+  public void markReleased() {
+    directBuffer().putLong(INDEX_RELEASE_CALLBACK, NULL);
+  }
+
   @Override
   public long memoryAddress() {
     checkNotNull(data, "ArrowSchema is already closed");

java/c/src/test/java/org/apache/arrow/c/ArrowArrayUtilityTest.java

@@ -50,6 +50,13 @@ void afterEach() {
     allocator.close();
   }
 
+  @Test
+  void arraySchemaInit() {
+    ArrowSchema schema = ArrowSchema.allocateNew(allocator);
+    assertThat(schema.snapshot().release).isEqualTo(0);
+    schema.close();
+  }
+
   // ------------------------------------------------------------
   // BufferImportTypeVisitor