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added unbonding period length context
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filippoweb3 committed Oct 30, 2023
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Showing 1 changed file with 31 additions and 8 deletions.
39 changes: 31 additions & 8 deletions docs/learn/learn-staking.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -480,8 +480,9 @@ Once a validator gets slashed, it goes into the state as an "unapplied slash". Y
via
[Polkadot-JS UI](https://polkadot.js.org/apps/?rpc=wss%3A%2F%2Frpc.polkadot.io#/staking/slashes).
The UI shows it per validator and then all the affected nominators along with the amounts. While
unapplied, a governance proposal can be made to reverse it during this period (7 days on Kusama, 28
days on Polkadot). After the grace period, the slashes are applied.
unapplied, a governance proposal can be made to reverse it during this period
({{ polkadot: <RPC network="polkadot" path="query.staking.bondingDuration" defaultValue={28}/> :polkadot }}{{ kusama: <RPC network="kusama" path="query.staking.bondingDuration" defaultValue={7}/> :kusama }}
days). After the grace period, the slashes are applied.

The following levels of offense are
[defined](https://research.web3.foundation/Polkadot/security/slashing/amounts). However, these
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -539,8 +540,8 @@ can now unbond them immediately.
:::

If your bonded balance did not back any validators in the last
{{ polkadot: 28 days on Polkadot :polkadot }}{{ kusama: 7 days on Kusama :kusama }}, you are
eligible to perform fast unstaking. The
{{ polkadot: <RPC network="polkadot" path="query.staking.bondingDuration" defaultValue={28}/> :polkadot }}{{ kusama: <RPC network="kusama" path="query.staking.bondingDuration" defaultValue={7}/> :kusama }}
days, you are eligible to perform fast unstaking. The
[staking dashboard](https://staking.polkadot.network/#/overview) will automatically check if you
qualify. For more information, visit the
["Fast Unstake" section in this support article](https://support.polkadot.network/support/solutions/articles/65000169433-can-i-transfer-dot-without-unbonding-and-waiting-28-days-).
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -574,15 +575,37 @@ users to withdraw. For in-depth understanding, check the

### Cons of Staking

- Tokens will be locked for about {{ polkadot: 28 :polkadot }}{{ kusama: 7 :kusama }} days on
{{ polkadot: Polkadot. :polkadot }}{{ kusama: Kusama. :kusama }} No rewards will be earned during
the unbonding period.

- Tokens will be locked for about
{{ polkadot: <RPC network="polkadot" path="query.staking.bondingDuration" defaultValue={28}/> :polkadot }}{{ kusama: <RPC network="kusama" path="query.staking.bondingDuration" defaultValue={7}/> :kusama }}
days on {{ polkadot: Polkadot. :polkadot }}{{ kusama: Kusama. :kusama }} No rewards will be earned
during the unbonding period.
- Possible punishment in case of the active validator found to be misbehaving (see
[slashing](#slashing)).
- Lack of liquidity i.e. You would not be able to use the tokens for participating in crowdloans or
transfer them to different account etc.

#### Unbonding Period Length

The
{{ polkadot: <RPC network="polkadot" path="query.staking.bondingDuration" defaultValue={28}/> :polkadot }}{{ kusama: <RPC network="kusama" path="query.staking.bondingDuration" defaultValue={7}/> :kusama }}-day
unbonding period serves a crucial role in mitigating ex post facto slashing, particularly in the
context of guarding against long-range attacks. When a client encounters a chain finalized by
[GRANDPA](./learn-consensus.md#finality-gadget-grandpa) that originates more than
{{ polkadot: <RPC network="polkadot" path="query.staking.bondingDuration" defaultValue={28}/> :polkadot }}{{ kusama: <RPC network="kusama" path="query.staking.bondingDuration" defaultValue={7}/> :kusama }}
days in the past, it lacks the security of slashing protection.

Essentially, this period establishes a cadence for synchronizing with the chain or acquiring a
checkpoint within a timeframe that engenders trust. It's worth noting that while the choice of a
{{ polkadot: <RPC network="polkadot" path="query.staking.bondingDuration" defaultValue={28}/> :polkadot }}{{ kusama: <RPC network="kusama" path="query.staking.bondingDuration" defaultValue={7}/> :kusama }}-day
period is somewhat arbitrary, it unquestionably provides a higher level of security compared to a
shorter period.

Looking ahead, there may be a Request for Proposals (RFP) for implementing a mechanism for fast
unbonding through an unbonding queue. Importantly, this proposed change will not alter the
{{ polkadot: <RPC network="polkadot" path="query.staking.bondingDuration" defaultValue={28}/> :polkadot }}{{ kusama: <RPC network="kusama" path="query.staking.bondingDuration" defaultValue={7}/> :kusama }}-day
period's role in maintaining security; instead, it will ensure that an excessive number of stakers
cannot unbond too swiftly.

## How many Validators?

{{ polkadot: Polkadot :polkadot }}{{ kusama: Kusama :kusama }} currently has
Expand Down

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