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CSC

中文拼写纠错

本项目只关注Chinese Spelling Check (CSC)，不考虑多字少字的语法纠错。

关于语法纠错可参考 https://github.com/HillZhang1999/MuCGEC

常用数据来源:

SIGHAN Bake-off 2013: http://ir.itc.ntnu.edu.tw/lre/sighan7csc.html

SIGHAN Bake-off 2014: http://ir.itc.ntnu.edu.tw/lre/clp14csc.html

SIGHAN Bake-off 2015: http://ir.itc.ntnu.edu.tw/lre/sighan8csc.html

Wang271K: https://github.com/wdimmy/Automatic-Corpus-Generation/tree/master/corpus

sighan13，sighan14，sighan15 包含对应的训练集和测试集，Wang271K是论文利用OCR以及语音识别的方法生成的数据构，仅仅用来训练

评价指标

使用句子级纠正F1值。

关于句子级别纠正P值，有两种计算方式

  1. 分母不考虑修改了原句但是与正确句子不同的情况
  2. 分母考虑修改了原句但是与正确句子不同的情况

使用第一种计算方式得到的结果偏高，这里采用第2种

代码

该指标更为严格（所有修正过的句子都算作P值的分母），论文大都使用该评价指标

榜单

各论文指标（不同的论文使用bert取得的结果不一样,可能是使用的预训练数据不一样或者超参数的设置不同）

sighan13结果:

模型 Detection Level Correction Level 来源
Hybrid 54.0 69.3 60.7 _ _ 52.1 A Hybrid Approach to Automatic Corpus Generation for Chinese Spelling Check
FASpell 76.2 63.2 69.1 73.1 60.5 66.2 FASPell: A Fast, Adaptable, Simple, Powerful Chinese Spell Checker Based On DAE-Decoder Paradigm
Google BERT 79.0 72.8 75.8 77.7 71.6 74.6 SpellGCN: Incorporating Phonological and Visual Similarities into Language Models for Chinese Spelling Check
SpellGCN 80.1 74.4 77.2 78.3 72.7 75.4 SpellGCN: Incorporating Phonological and Visual Similarities into Language Models for Chinese Spelling Check
HeadFilt 100.0 74.9 85.7 100.0 74.1 85.1 Domain-shift Conditioning using Adaptable Filtering via Hierarchical Embeddings for Robust Chinese Spell Check
Chunk-based CSC 61.19 75.67 67.66 74.34 67.20 70.59 Chunk-based Chinese Spelling Check with Global Optimization
BERT + Pre-trained for CSC - - 84.9 - - 84.4 Exploration and Exploitation: Two Ways to Improve Chinese Spelling Correction Models
BERT + Adversarial training - - 84.0 - - 83.5 Exploration and Exploitation: Two Ways to Improve Chinese Spelling Correction Models
SpellGCN+ 85.7 78.8 82.1 84.6 77.8 81.0 Read, Listen, and See: Leveraging Multimodal Information Helps Chinese Spell Checking
BERT-wwm 85.0 77.0 80.8 83.0 75.2 78.9 Read, Listen, and See: Leveraging Multimodal Information Helps Chinese Spell Checking
REALISE (BERT-wwm ) 88.6 82.5 85.4 887.2 81.2 84.1 Read, Listen, and See: Leveraging Multimodal Information Helps Chinese Spell Checking
BERT_CRS 84.8 79.5 82.1 83.9 78.7 81.2 Global Attention Decoder for Chinese Spelling Error Correction
BERT_CRS_GAD 85.7 79.5 82.5 84.9 78.7 81.6 Global Attention Decoder for Chinese Spelling Error Correction
ERNIE 76.6 71.9 74.2 73.0 68.5 70.6 Correcting Chinese Spelling Errors with Phonetic Pre-training
MLM-phonetics 82.0 78.3 80.1 79.5 77.0 78.2 Correcting Chinese Spelling Errors with Phonetic Pre-training
RoBERTa 85.4 77.7 81.3 83.9 76.4 79.9 Dynamic Connected Networks for Chinese Spelling Check
RoBERTa-DCN 86.2 78.4 82.1 84.6 76.9 80.5 Dynamic Connected Networks for Chinese Spelling Check
RoBERTa-Pretrain-DCN 86.8 79.6 83.0 84.7 77.7 81.0 Dynamic Connected Networks for Chinese Spelling Check
Google BERT 98.7 70.6 82.3 98.6 67.8 80.4 PHMOSpell: Phonological and Morphological Knowledge Guided Chinese Spelling Check
PHMOSpell 99.5 76.8 86.7 99.5 75.1 85.6 PHMOSpell: Phonological and Morphological Knowledge Guided Chinese Spelling Check
ECOPO BERT-wwm 87.2 81.7 84.4 86.1 80.6 83.3 The Past Mistake is the Future Wisdom: Error-driven Contrastive Probability Optimization for Chinese Spell Checking
ECOPO REALISE (BERT-wwm ) 89.3 83.2 86.2 88.5 82.0 85.1 The Past Mistake is the Future Wisdom: Error-driven Contrastive Probability Optimization for Chinese Spell Checking
Google BERT 79.0 72.8 75.8 77.7 71.6 74.6 MDCSpell: A Multi-task Detector-Corrector Framework for Chinese Spelling Correction
MDCSpell 89.1 78.3 83.4 87.5 76.8 81.8 MDCSpell: A Multi-task Detector-Corrector Framework for Chinese Spelling Correction
Soft-Masked BERT 81.1 75.7 78.3 75.1 70.1 72.5 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
CL (Soft-Masked BERT) 84.7 77.0 80.7 80.9 74.5 77.6 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
Google BERT 98.7 70.6 82.3 98.6 67.8 80.4 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
CL (BERT) 99.1 74.8 85.3 99.1 73.2 84.2 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
MacBERT 98.7 70.8 82.5 98.6 67.9 80.4 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
CL (MacBERT) 99.3 75.7 85.9 99.2 73.8 84.6 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
uChecker 75.4 73.4 74.4 72.6 70.8 71.7 uChecker: Masked Pretrained Language Models as Unsupervised Chinese Spelling Checkers
Google BERT 85.0 77.0 80.8 83.0 75.2 78.9 Learning from the Dictionary: Heterogeneous Knowledge Guided Fine-tuning for Chinese Spell Checking
LEAD 88.3 83.4 85.8 87.2 82.4 84.7 Learning from the Dictionary: Heterogeneous Knowledge Guided Fine-tuning for Chinese Spell Checking
SCOPE(ChineseBert) 87.4 83.4 85.4 86.3 82.4 84.3 Improving Chinese Spelling Check by Character Pronunciation Prediction: The Effects of Adaptivity and Granularity
SCOPE(REALISE) 87.5 83.2 85.3 86.4 82.3 84.3 Improving Chinese Spelling Check by Character Pronunciation Prediction: The Effects of Adaptivity and Granularity
SDCL 88.9 81.8 85.2 88.0 81.0 84.3 SDCL: Self-Distillation Contrastive Learning for Chinese Spell Checking
InfoKNN-CSC 89.7 82.8 86.1 82.1 88.7 81.9 85.2 Chinese Spelling Check with Nearest Neighbors

sighan14结果:

模型 Detection Level Correction Level 来源
Hybrid 51.9 66.2 58.2 _ _ 56.1 A Hybrid Approach to Automatic Corpus Generation for Chinese Spelling Check
FASpell 61.0 53.5 57.0 59.4 52.0 55.4 FASPell: A Fast, Adaptable, Simple, Powerful Chinese Spell Checker Based On DAE-Decoder Paradigm
Google BERT 65.6 68.1 66.8 63.1 65.5 64.3 SpellGCN: Incorporating Phonological and Visual Similarities into Language Models for Chinese Spelling Check
SpellGCN 65.1 69.5 67.2 63.1 67.2 65.3 SpellGCN: Incorporating Phonological and Visual Similarities into Language Models for Chinese Spelling Check
HeadFilt 82.5 61.6 70.5 82.1 60.2 69.4 Domain-shift Conditioning using Adaptable Filtering via Hierarchical Embeddings for Robust Chinese Spell Check
Chunk-based CSC 78.65 54.80 64.59 77.43 51.04 61.52 Chunk-based Chinese Spelling Check with Global Optimization
BERT + Pre-trained for CSC - - 70.4 - - 68.6 Exploration and Exploitation: Two Ways to Improve Chinese Spelling Correction Models
BERT + Adversarial training - - 68.4 - - 66.8 Exploration and Exploitation: Two Ways to Improve Chinese Spelling Correction Models
BERT-wwm 64.5 68.6 66.5 62.4 66.3 64.3 Read, Listen, and See: Leveraging Multimodal Information Helps Chinese Spell Checking
REALISE (BERT-wwm ) 67.8 71.5 69.6 66.3 70.0 68.1 Read, Listen, and See: Leveraging Multimodal Information Helps Chinese Spell Checking
BERT_CRS 65.4 72.7 68.9 63.4 70.4 66.7 Global Attention Decoder for Chinese Spelling Error Correction
BERT_CRS_GAD 66.6 71.8 69.1 65.0 70.1 67.5 Global Attention Decoder for Chinese Spelling Error Correction
ERNIE 63.5 69.3 66.3 60.1 65.6 62.8 Correcting Chinese Spelling Errors with Phonetic Pre-training
MLM-phonetics 66.2 73.8 69.8 64.2 73.8 68.7 Correcting Chinese Spelling Errors with Phonetic Pre-training
RoBERTa 64.2 68.4 66.2 62.7 66.7 64.6 Dynamic Connected Networks for Chinese Spelling Check
RoBERTa-DCN 67.6 68.6 68.0 64.9 65.9 65.4 Dynamic Connected Networks for Chinese Spelling Check
RoBERTa-Pretrain-DCN 67.4 70.4 68.9 65.8 68.7 67.2 Dynamic Connected Networks for Chinese Spelling Check
Google BERT 78.6 60.7 68.5 77.8 57.6 66.2 PHMOSpell: Phonological and Morphological Knowledge Guided Chinese Spelling Check
PHMOSpell 85.3 67.6 75.5 84.7 64.3 73.1 PHMOSpell: Phonological and Morphological Knowledge Guided Chinese Spelling Check
Google BERT(4 layer) 82.6 59.0 68.8 82.4 58.0 68.1 SpellBERT: A Lightweight Pretrained Model for Chinese Spelling Check
SpellBERT (4 layer) 83.1 62.0 71.0 82.9 61.2 70.4 SpellBERT: A Lightweight Pretrained Model for Chinese Spelling Check
ECOPO BERT-wwm 65.8 69.0 67.4 63.7 66.9 65.3 The Past Mistake is the Future Wisdom: Error-driven Contrastive Probability Optimization for Chinese Spell Checking
ECOPO REALISE (BERT-wwm ) 68.8 72.1 70.4 67.5 71.0 69.2 The Past Mistake is the Future Wisdom: Error-driven Contrastive Probability Optimization for Chinese Spell Checking
Google BERT 65.6 68.1 66.8 63.1 65.5 64.3 MDCSpell: A Multi-task Detector-Corrector Framework for Chinese Spelling Correction
MDCSpell 70.2 68.8 69.5 69.0 67.7 68.3 MDCSpell: A Multi-task Detector-Corrector Framework for Chinese Spelling Correction
Soft-Masked BERT 65.2 70.4 67.7 63.7 68.7 66.1 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
CL (Soft-Masked BERT) 68.4 70.9 69.6 67.8 69.1 68.4 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
Google BERT 78.6 60.7 68.5 77.8 57.6 66.2 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
CL (BERT) 79.2 61.6 69.3 78.5 60.8 68.5 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
MacBERT 78.8 61.0 68.8 78.0 58.0 66.5 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
CL (MacBERT) 79.7 62.4 70.0 79.0 61.4 69.1 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
uChecker 61.7 61.5 61.6 57.6 57.5 57.6 uChecker: Masked Pretrained Language Models as Unsupervised Chinese Spelling Checkers
Google BERT 64.5 68.6 66.5 62.4 66.3 64.3 Learning from the Dictionary: Heterogeneous Knowledge Guided Fine-tuning for Chinese Spell Checking
LEAD 70.7 71.0 70.8 69.3 69.6 69.5 Learning from the Dictionary: Heterogeneous Knowledge Guided Fine-tuning for Chinese Spell Checking
SCOPE(ChineseBert) 70.1 73.1 71.6 68.6 71.5 70.1 Improving Chinese Spelling Check by Character Pronunciation Prediction: The Effects of Adaptivity and Granularity
SCOPE(REALISE) 69.0 75.0 71.9 67.1 72.9 69.9 Improving Chinese Spelling Check by Character Pronunciation Prediction: The Effects of Adaptivity and Granularity
SDCL 69.7 70.3 70.0 70.2 67.5 68.8 SDCL: Self-Distillation Contrastive Learning for Chinese Spell Checking
InfoKNN-CSC 72.1 70.6 71.3 71.3 69.8 70.6 Chinese Spelling Check with Nearest Neighbors

sighan15结果:

模型 Detection Level Correction Level 来源
Hybrid 56.6 69.4 62.3 _ _ 57.1 A Hybrid Approach to Automatic Corpus Generation for Chinese Spelling Check
FASpell 67.6 60.0 63.5 66.6 59.1 62.6 FASPell: A Fast, Adaptable, Simple, Powerful Chinese Spell Checker Based On DAE-Decoder Paradigm
Google BERT 73.7 78.2 75.9 70.9 75.2 73.0 SpellGCN: Incorporating Phonological and Visual Similarities into Language Models for Chinese Spelling Check
SpellGCN 74.8 80.7 77.7 72.1 77.7 75.9 SpellGCN: Incorporating Phonological and Visual Similarities into Language Models for Chinese Spelling Check
Google BERT 73.0 70.8 71.9 65.9 64.0 64.9 Spelling Error Correction with Soft-Masked BERT
Soft-Masked BERT 73.7 73.2 73.5 66.7 66.2 66.4 Spelling Error Correction with Soft-Masked BERT
HeadFilt 84.5 71.8 77.6 84.2 70.2 76.5 Domain-shift Conditioning using Adaptable Filtering via Hierarchical Embeddings for Robust Chinese Spell Check
Chunk-based CSC 88.11 62.00 72.79 87.33 57.64 69.44 Chunk-based Chinese Spelling Check with Global Optimization
BERT + Pre-trained for CSC - - 79.8 - - 78.0 Exploration and Exploitation: Two Ways to Improve Chinese Spelling Correction Models
BERT + Adversarial training - - 80.0 - - 78.2 Exploration and Exploitation: Two Ways to Improve Chinese Spelling Correction Models
BERT-wwm 74.2 78.0 76.1 71.6 75.3 73.4 Read, Listen, and See: Leveraging Multimodal Information Helps Chinese Spell Checking
REALISE (BERT-wwm) 77.3 81.3 79.3 75.9 79.9 77.8 Read, Listen, and See: Leveraging Multimodal Information Helps Chinese Spell Checking
BERT_CRS 74.0 80.2 77.2 72.2 77.8 74.8 Global Attention Decoder for Chinese Spelling Error Correction
BERT_CRS_GAD 75.6 80.4 77.9 73.2 77.8 75.4 Global Attention Decoder for Chinese Spelling Error Correction
ERNIE 73.6 79.8 76.6 68.6 74.4 71.4 Correcting Chinese Spelling Errors with Phonetic Pre-training
MLM-phonetics 77.5 83.1 80.2 74.9 80.2 77.5 Correcting Chinese Spelling Errors with Phonetic Pre-training
RoBERTa 74.7 77.3 76.0 72.1 74.5 73.3 Dynamic Connected Networks for Chinese Spelling Check
RoBERTa-DCN 76.6 79.8 78.2 74.2 77.3 75.7 Dynamic Connected Networks for Chinese Spelling Check
RoBERTa-Pretrain-DCN 77.1 80.9 79.0 74.5 78.2 76.3 Dynamic Connected Networks for Chinese Spelling Check
Google BERT 68.4 77.6 72.7 66.0 74.9 70.2 PLOME: Pre-training with Misspelled Knowledge for Chinese Spelling Correction
PLOME 77.4 81.5 79.4 75.3 79.3 77.2 PLOME: Pre-training with Misspelled Knowledge for Chinese Spelling Correction
Google BERT 79.9 84.1 72.9 78.1 83.1 68.0 74.8 PHMOSpell: Phonological and Morphological Knowledge Guided Chinese Spelling Check
PHMOSpell 90.1 72.7 80.5 89.6 69.2 78.1 PHMOSpell: Phonological and Morphological Knowledge Guided Chinese Spelling Check
Soft-Masked BERT SSCL 86.34 72.46 78.79 85.20 65.99 74.38 Self-Supervised Curriculum Learning for Spelling Error Correction
Google BERT(4 layer) 85.2 68.9 76.2 84.8 66.9 74.8 SpellBERT: A Lightweight Pretrained Model for Chinese Spelling Check
SpellBERT (4 layer) 87.5 73.6 80.0 87.1 71.5 78.5 SpellBERT: A Lightweight Pretrained Model for Chinese Spelling Check
ECOPO BERT-wwm 78.2 82.3 80.2 76.6 80.4 78.4 The Past Mistake is the Future Wisdom: Error-driven Contrastive Probability Optimization for Chinese Spell Checking
ECOPO REALISE (BERT-wwm) 77.5 82.6 80.0 76.1 81.2 78.5 The Past Mistake is the Future Wisdom: Error-driven Contrastive Probability Optimization for Chinese Spell Checking
Google BERT 73.7 78.2 75.9 70.9 75.2 73.0 MDCSpell: A Multi-task Detector-Corrector Framework for Chinese Spelling Correction
MDCSpell 80.8 80.6 80.7 78.4 78.2 78.3 MDCSpell: A Multi-task Detector-Corrector Framework for Chinese Spelling Correction
Google BERT 76.0 81.0 78.4 74.7 79.5 77.0 General and Domain Adaptive Chinese Spelling Check with Error Consistent Pretraining
ECSpell 81.1 83.0 81.0 77.5 81.7 79.5 General and Domain Adaptive Chinese Spelling Check with Error Consistent Pretraining
Soft-Masked BERT 73.7 73.2 73.5 66.7 66.2 66.4 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
CL (Soft-Masked BERT) 83.5 74.8 78.9 79.9 72.1 75.8 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
Google BERT 84.1 72.9 78.1 83.1 68.0 74.8 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
CL (BERT) 85.0 74.5 79.4 84.2 72.3 77.8 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
MacBERT 84.3 73.1 78.3 83.3 68.2 75.0 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
CL (MacBERT) 85.8 75.4 80.3 84.7 73.0 78.4 Contextual Similarity is More Valuable than Character Similarity: An Empirical Study for Chinese Spell Checking
uChecker 75.4 72.0 73.7 70.6 67.3 68.9 uChecker: Masked Pretrained Language Models as Unsupervised Chinese Spelling Checkers
Google BERT 74.2 78.0 76.1 71.6 75.3 73.4 Learning from the Dictionary: Heterogeneous Knowledge Guided Fine-tuning for Chinese Spell Checking
LEAD 79.2 82.8 80.9 77.6 81.2 79.3 Learning from the Dictionary: Heterogeneous Knowledge Guided Fine-tuning for Chinese Spell Checking
SCOPE(ChineseBert) 81.1 84.3 82.7 79.2 82.3 80.7 Improving Chinese Spelling Check by Character Pronunciation Prediction: The Effects of Adaptivity and Granularity
SCOPE(REALISE) 78.7 84.7 81.6 76.8 82.6 79.6 Improving Chinese Spelling Check by Character Pronunciation Prediction: The Effects of Adaptivity and Granularity
SDCL 81.2 79.1 80.1 79.3 77.5 78.3 SDCL: Self-Distillation Contrastive Learning for Chinese Spell Checking
InfoKNN-CSC 81.2 81.2 81.2 80.0 80.0 80.0 Chinese Spelling Check with Nearest Neighbors
Google BERT 74.2 78.0 76.1 71.6 75.3 73.4 An Error-Guided Correction Model for Chinese Spelling Error Correction
EGCM 82.7 77.6 80.0 80.6 74.7 77.5 An Error-Guided Correction Model for Chinese Spelling Error Correction
Pre-Tn EGCM 83.4 79.8 81.6 81.4 78.4 79.9 An Error-Guided Correction Model for Chinese Spelling Error Correction

香侬科技ChineseBert用于中文拼写纠错

ChineseBert repo[https://github.com/ShannonAI/ChineseBert]

image

  • 训练：

  1. 下载ChineseBert放出的预训练模型，放置在本地文件夹（chinese_bert_path 参数）

  2. 拷贝ChineseBert代码，置于ChineseBert文件夹，并安装ChineseBert所需依赖

  3. 运行train.sh

  • 测试：

运行eval.sh

  • 纠正文本：

填入模型路径，运行csc_eval.py 即可

运行结果:

布告栏转眼之间从不起眼的丑小鸭变成了高贵优雅的天鹅！仅管这大改造没有得名，但过程也是很可贵的。
布告栏转眼之间从不起眼的丑小鸭变成了高贵优雅的天鹅！尽管这大改造没有得名，但过程也是很可贵的。
仅->尽
我爱北进天安门
我爱北进天安门
我爱北京天按门
我爱北京天安门
按->安
没过几分钟，救护车来了，发出响亮而清翠的声音
没过几分钟，救护车来了，发出响亮而清翠的声音
我见过一望无际、波澜壮阔的大海；玩赏过水平如镜、诗情画意的西湖；游览过翡翠般的漓江；让我难以忘怀的要数那荷叶飘香、群山坏绕的普者黑。
我见过一望无际、波澜壮阔的大海；玩赏过水平如镜、诗情画意的西湖；游览过翡翠般的漓江；让我难以忘怀的要数那荷叶飘香、群山环绕的普者黑。
坏->环
  • 已经训练好的模型：

链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1mi0r2Uvv9rd_bfDONNDVYA?pwd=cvak

  • 指标：
数据集 Detection Level Correction Level
sighan13 p:0.84,r:0.792,F1:0.815 p:0.823,recall:0.775,F1:0.799
new_data p:0.491,r:0.398,F1:0.44 p:0.442,recall:0.358,F1:0.396
  • 注意
  1. 先用wang2018数据预训练，再用同分布的sighan13微调
  2. 使用词表的分词方式容易造成拼音和数字错误修正，因此直接使用一个字作为token，不使用基于词表的分词（csc_train_mlm_tok.py）

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