Update clang to upstream chromium m114's clang-17 (#2680) #5957

Job	Run time
linux-coverage / initialize	44s
linux-coverage / docker-unittest-image	6m 3s
linux-coverage / docker-build-image	9m 39s
linux-coverage / linux_devel	23m 25s
linux-coverage / linux_debug	16m 44s
linux-coverage / linux_qa	10m 31s
linux-coverage / linux_gold	10m 24s
linux-coverage / linux_coverage_test	1h 10m 37s
linux-coverage / ${{ matrix.name }}_on_device_${{ matrix.shard }}	0s
	2h 28m 7s

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