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103: GNU and Unix Commands
Description: Candidates should be able to interact with shells and commands using the command line. The objective assumes the Bash shell.
Key Knowledge Areas: Use single shell commands and one line command sequences to perform basic tasks on the command line Use and modify the shell environment including defining, referencing and exporting environment variables Use and edit command history Invoke commands inside and outside the defined path
Terms and Utilities:
bash
echo
env
export
pwd
set
unset
man
uname
history
.bash_history
UrbanPenguin: Linux BASH builtin commands
Joe Collins: Beginner's Guide to the Bash Terminal,1hr 15min
Bash beginners guide - a comprehensive text site
Command Line Basics 12: Handy Command Line Shortcuts
tutorialLinux: Your First 5 Minutes
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How to see the current directory in the Linux filesystem
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How to change directories in Linux -with shortcuts
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How to see what's inside a directory
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Bonus: where e-mail addresses came from
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Where 'root' is on the filesystem
Linux Sysadmin Basics 02 - Basic Commands
- pwd, ls, cd, mv, rm, rmdir, touch, mkdir, man
Linux Sysadmin Basics 02.1 - More Basic
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Files: head, tail, tail -f, ln -s
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Shell (bash): ctrl-a beginning of line, ctrl-e end of line, ctrl-r backwards history search, ctrl-c to interrupt, clear, ctrl-d closing connections/terminals, poweroff / init 0 / shutdown -h now
What's happening on this machine?
- who's logged in, process resources in use, network exposure -netstat
Jason Wertz :Path & Command Basics
Jason Wertz: Getting Around in Unix - Basics
Jason Wertz: Basics of Getting Help in Linux
Steven Gordon- Directory Operations: pwd, cd, ls, mkdir, rmdir, TAB autocomplete
Digital Ocean: How To Read and Set Environmental and Shell Variables
Description: Candidates should should be able to apply filters to text streams.
Key Knowledge Areas: Send text files and output streams through text utility filters to modify the output using standard UNIX commands found in the GNU textutils package
Terms and Utilities:
cat
cut
expand
fmt
head
join
less
nl
od
paste
pr
sed
sort
split
tail
tr
unexpand
uniq
wc
UrbanPenguin: Expand and Unexpand
UrbanPenguin: Translations with tr
UrbanPenguin: Using cat and od to fault find scripts
Steven Gordon- File Operations 1: touch, nano, wc, man
Steven Gordon- File Operations 2: touch, nano, wc, man
Jason Wertz: Finding Files: locate, find, which
Jason Wertz: Basics of Viewing Files in Linux
Unix Commands Tutorial for Beginners: Find, Regular Expression, grep, aw and, sed
UrbanPenguin: Using fmt and pr
UrbanPenguin: Understanding the Linux Paste Command
UrbanPenguin: Learning SED Introduction to SED and cleaning config files
UrbanPenguin: Using fmt and pr
UrbanPenguin: Using cat and od to fault find scripts
Description: Candidates should be able to use the basic Linux commands to manage files and directories.
Key Knowledge Areas: Copy, move and remove files and directories individually Copy multiple files and directories recursively Remove files and directories recursively Use simple and advanced wildcard specifications in commands Using find to locate and act on files based on type, size, or time Usage of tar, cpio and dd
Terms and Utilities:
cp
find
mkdir
mv
ls
rm
rmdir
touch
tar
cpio
dd
file
gzip
gunzip
bzip2
xz
file globbing
IBM: File and directory management
UrbanPenguin: Creating archives with cpio
tutorialLinux: Basic tar Commands
Fundamental Backup Techniques: tar, gzip, bzip2, rsync
Steven Gordon - Directory Operations: pwd, cd, ls, mkdir, rmdir, TAB autocomplete
Joe Collins: The "Disk Destroyer" - How to Use the dd Command
Creating and Deleting Files and Folders in Linux
Moving and Copying Files and Directories in Linux
Jason Wertz: Using Zip and Tar
Jason Wertz: Archiving Files in Linux
UrbanPenguin: Copy and Move Files in Linux
UrbanPenguin: Using the find command in Linux
UrbanPenguin: CentOS 7 Using gedit
Command Line Basics: Moving Around
Command Line Basics: Copy, Move, Delete
Command Line Basics: Using Zip and Tar
Description: Candidates should be able to redirect streams and connect them in order to efficiently process textual data. Tasks include redirecting standard input, standard output and standard error, piping the output of one command to the input of another command, using the output of one command as arguments to another command and sending output to both stdout and a file.
Redirecting standard input, standard output and standard error Pipe the output of one command to the input of another command Use the output of one command as arguments to another command Send output to both stdout and a file
Terms and Utilities:
tee
xargs
IBM: Streams, pipes, and redirects
I/O redirection : using > >> 2>&1 | grep
tutorialLinux: 'tee' - Watch & Log Command Output
tutorialLinux: Shell Features - Pipes and Redirection
UrbanPenguin: Using xargs in Linux
UrbanPenguin: Redirecting and Piping in Linux
Steven Gordon: Redirection and Pipes: grep, whoami, |, cut
Unix Commands Tutorial for Beginners: Pipes & Redirects, Process Commands and File Attributes
Exercises in I/O redirection and filtering
Description: Candidates should be able to perform basic process management.
Key Knowledge Areas: Run jobs in the foreground and background Signal a program to continue running after logout Monitor active processes Select and sort processes for display Send signals to processes
Terms and Utilities:
&
bg
fg
jobs
kill
nohup
ps
top
free
uptime
pgrep
pkill
killall
screen
IBM: Create, monitor, and kill processes
Processes inside out: process types, attributes, life and death etc
BeginLinuxGuru: Systemd Basics - Automatically restart crashed services
System Monitoring : top, iosta, ps, vmstat, lsof
tutorialLinux: Processes Overview
tutorialLinux: Process Signals
tutorialLinux: State, Niceness, and How to Monitor Processes
tutorialLinux: The /proc Filesystem
Jason Wertz: Managing Processes - performance, load, resources and killing processes
Joe Collins: Linux Tip | How to use Htop
UrbanPenguin: Managing Linux processes with PS and KILL
UrbanPenguin: Managing foreground and background processes
UrbanPenguin: Using nohup to allows jobs to continue on logout
Steven Gordon - Processes: Ctrl-C {kill}, yes, Ctrl-Z {suspend} , jobs, fg, bg, ps, kill, top
Description: Candidates should should be able to manage process execution priorities.
Key Knowledge Areas: Know the default priority of a job that is created Run a program with higher or lower priority than the default Change the priority of a running process
Terms and Utilities:
nice
ps
renice
top
IBM: Process execution priorities
UrbanPenguin: Using top in Linux
Description: Candidates should be able to manipulate files and text data using regular expressions. This objective includes creating simple regular expressions containing several notational elements. It also includes using regular expression tools to perform searches through a filesystem or file content.
Key Knowledge Areas: Create simple regular expressions containing several notational elements Use regular expression tools to perform searches through a filesystem or file content
Terms and Utilities:
grep
egrep
fgrep
sed
regex(7)
IBM: Search text files using regular expressions
UrbanPenguin: Search text files using regular expressions
UrbanPenguin: Learning SED Introduction to SED and cleaning config files
tutorialLinux: Filtering Output and Finding Things && , cut, sort, uniq, wc, grep
Command Line Basics 8: Using the grep command
UNIX Shell Regular Expressions and the sed and grep commands
UrbanPenguin: Search text files using regular expressions
Steven Gordon - Redirection and Pipes: grep, whoami, |, cut
Command Line Basics: Using the grep command
Description: Candidates should be able to edit text files using vi. This objective includes vi navigation, basic vi modes, inserting, editing, deleting, copying and finding text.
Key Knowledge Areas: Navigate a document using vi Use basic vi modes Insert, edit, delete, copy and find text
Terms and Utilities:
vi
/, ?
h,j,k,l
i, o, a
c, d, p, y, dd, yy
ZZ, :w!, :q!, :e!
UrbanPenguin: Using vi The basics
Command Line Basics 9: Introduction to Vi/Vim editor
Command Line Basics 10: Editing with Vi/Vim editor
Command Line Basics 11: More Editing with Vi/Vim editor
Free Code Camp: Vim isn’t that scary. Here are 5 free resources you can use to learn it
tutorialLinux: Text Editors - nano and vi - and commands
Opensource.com: Using vi-mode in your shell
Opensource.com: 7 reasons to love Vim
More Editing with Vi/Vim editor
Linux Leech: dealing with spaces commands
Linux Leech: wildcard character classes
Linux Leech: Permissions explained- symbolic permissions and chmod - part 1
Linux Leech: Permissions explained - part 2 directory permissions
Linux Leech: Permissions explained part 3 - octal and numerical permissions
Linux Leech: Command substitution in Linux using backticks
Linux Leech: Nesting backticks Linux command substitution
Linux Leech: Linux command substitution and nested substitution
Linux Leech: save your BASH aliases
Linux Leech: Redirect terminal output to another terminal
Finding Documentation and Files
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[Catching signals](https://linux.die.net/Bash-Beginners-Guide/sect_12_04.html