New translations commentary.toml (Japanese)

translations/Japanese/commentary.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+"$schema" = "../../schemas/generated/commentary_translation.json"
+Pingo = ""
+a = 'In common usage (both before and after pu), "a" and "kin" are separate words, each with their own meaning. In pu, they are considered synonyms.'
+aka = 'This word is deprecated by the creator, replaced by "natu".'
+akesi = 'akesi used to mean "non-cute animal," and is defined this way in pu, but this definition has fallen out of use and was later removed in the pu annotations published with ku.'
+ako = "Virtually unknown outside the Korean toki pona community."
+ala = ""
+alasa = 'In some communities, the usage of "alasa" as a preverb meaning "try to" is equally or even more common than "lukin". In pu, only "lukin"/"oko" has this meaning.'
+ale = """
+"ali" is an alternative to "ale", coined in a poll in 2002 in order to avoid confusion with "ala". However, the usage of "ale" over "ali" remains more common.
+The majority of speakers report not understanding the "abundant, bountiful, plentiful" meaning, at least out of context.
+"20, 120" were non-pu meanings previously in use in the community alongside 100; they are virtually unheard of nowadays."""
+alente = 'Coined humorously as the "final nimisin" - any newer word would semantically be included in alente, so it can be refuted for being "alente but even nicher".'
+ali = '"ali" is an alternative to "ale", coined in a poll in 2002 in order to avoid confusion with "ala". However, the usage of "ale" over "ali" has been more common since at least the release of pu. Generally not considered a word in its own right.'
+alu = ""
+anpa = 'In common usage (both before and after pu), "anpa" has the meaning of "place that is down". In pu, "noka" has that meaning instead.'
+ante = ""
+anu = 'The usage of "anu" as a content word meaning "choose" remains controversial.'
+apeja = 'According to jan Sonja, "apeja" never appeared in any pre-pu toki pona dictionary made by her and never promoted by her, instead it may have been "just an experimental idea in a forum post".'
+awase = 'jan Lenoka further elaborated the semantics to imply "to bump into, to make contact with".'
+awen = ""
+e = ""
+eki = 'It is recommended to use "natu" instead.'
+eliki = "an experience with the quality of being deeply felt or important to oneself while defying classification as positive, negative, or a simply described admixture of positive and negative"
+en = "There are various analyses of the syntactic role of \"en\". Originally intended to be used as \"and\", it was changed (via poll in 2002) to just be used with \"head nouns\". One of the more recent analyses (including 2021's April Fools) treats \"en\" as a subject marker."
+enko = """
+Considered deprecated by the author: "mi pali e nimi enko a a
+open la pilin mi li sama
+nimi enko li pona, jan mute o kepeken
+taso kepeken pi toki pona la mi kama sona
+nimi ante li ken toki e wile toki pi nimi enko
+la ona li suli ala"\
+"""
+epiku = ""
+esun = 'According to jan Sonja, "esun was told [to her] by a taxi driver who spoke a language from the Akan family in West Africa".'
+ete = ""
+ewe = ""
+i = '"i" was proposed as a replacement for "iki" in a poll in 2002. However, "i" failed to get enough votes. "iki" was instead replaced by "ona".'
+ijo = ""
+ike = ""
+iki = 'In a poll in 2002, "iki" was deemed too similar to "ike" and replaced by "ona".'
+ilo = ""
+insa = ""
+ipi = '"ipi" was proposed as a replacement for "iki" in a poll in 2002. However, "ipi" failed to get enough votes. "iki" was instead replaced by "ona".'
+isipin = ""
+itomi = 'Coined in reference to the song ‘Mia Khalifa’ by iLOVEFRiDay, where "hit or miss" was a prominent lyric. Sources disagree on who coined the word.'
+jaki = ""
+jaku = ""
+jalan = 'In a poll in 2002, "jalan" was proposed as a replacement for "noka". However, "jalan" failed to get enough votes.'
+jami = 'Often used for "stim".'
+jan = 'There are two sides to the concept, "sentient entity" and "homo sapiens", which matters for whether to use the word in edge cases (i.e. aliens, humans turned into werewolves, etc). Which sense is more central to the word remains controversial.'
+jans = "Not coined directly, but developed out of repeated use in the early ma pona pi toki pona Discord server community. jans was repeatedly used because of the humor in adding an English plural suffix to a Toki Pona word."
+jasima = ""
+je = ""
+jelo = 'Some extend "jelo" to include lime green, but this usage is uncommon.'
+jo = ""
+jonke = "Coined in reference to the Untitled Goose Game fandom."
+ju = ""
+jule = ""
+jume = 'Experimental, to see how the meaning could be expanded, but never actually used. No set of meanings was ever settled on before stopping the experiment, but one potential meaning the creator particularly liked was "fantasy" or "unreality", without a negative connotation.'
+kala = ""
+kalamARR = ""
+kalama = ""
+kalijopilale = ""
+kama = ""
+kamalawala = "The word is from a story called \"jan pi Kamalawala\". A character's name is described as \"nimi Jan pi Kama e Lawa Ala\", and a shortened version given as \"nimi Kamalawala\". jan Kipo is responsible for it becoming a word instead of just a name."
+kan = ""
+kapa = 'In a poll in 2002, "kapa" was proposed as a replacement for "nena". However, "kapa" failed to get enough votes.'
+kapesi = ""
+kasi = ""
+ke = ""
+ken = ""
+kepeken = 'Whether "kepeken" should be used with or without "e" in a predicative position (meaning "to use") remains controversial.'
+kepen = "coined as a shortened kepeken by jan Tomen in 2017, but really started being used in 2020"
+kese = ""
+ki = ""
+kijetesantakalu = "Coined as an April Fools joke in 2009."
+kiki = "The word is loaned from the 2001 Vilanyur S Ramachandran & Edward Hubbard version of Wolfgang Köhler's 1912 psycholinguistic experiment. The experiment studied sound symbolism on the words \"bouba\" and \"kiki\"."
+kili = 'In post-ku 2021, metaphorical definitions for kili have been suggested, including but not limited to "offspring" and "product", and are moderately popular. It is not yet clear whether this will remain in use long-term.'
+kin = """
+In common usage (both before and after pu), "a" and "kin" are separate words, each with their own meaning. In pu, they are considered synonyms.
+Underwent significant changes in usage in 2002, alongside "en" and (now obsolete) "kan"."""
+kipisi = ""
+kisa = ""
+kiwen = "Coined in a poll in 2002."
+ko = 'The "clinging form" definition was elaborated to mean "a shape or mass that sticks or clings; a clot, a thick or viscous lump, a clump that can be reshaped".'
+kokosila = 'In Esperanto, "krokodili" means to speak among Esperantists in a language besides Esperanto, and is an established bit of Esperanto culture.'
+kon = ""
+konsi = "Virtually unknown outside the Korean toki pona community. Apparently used humorously."
+konwe = """
+Conway refers to John Horton Conway, creator of the cellular automaton Game of Life.
+konwe's intended meaning extends beyond just "living" and "life." It can be used to describe rocks or rivers or other nonliving things"""
+kosan = ""
+ku = "For ways to buy a copy of the book, visit the official Toki Pona website."
+kule = "in addition to its pu-definitions, kule is sometimes used to talk about more general kinds of categories, like type, kind, flavour, gender, etc."
+kulijo = ""
+kulu = ""
+kulupu = ""
+kuntu = ""
+kute = ""
+kutopoma = "Virtually unknown outside the Korean toki pona community."
+la = ""
+lanpan = ""
+lape = ""
+laso = ""
+lawa = ""
+leko = ""
+len = ""
+lete = ""
+li = ""
+lijokuku = "Virtually unknown outside the Korean toki pona community."
+likujo = ""
+lili = ""
+linja = ""
+linluwi = ""
+lipu = ""
+lo = "Previously known as lu. Most of those interested in the word have agreed to change it to lo, to avoid interfering with the reserved word."
+loje = ""
+loka = "Coined in response to jan Sonja's survey, as a portmanteau, presumably as a joke."
+lokon = ""
+lon = ""
+lu = ""
+luka = ""
+lukin = "In common usage (both before and after pu), \"lukin\" and \"oko\" are separate words, each with their own meaning. In pu, they are considered synonyms. Those who consider them synonyms typically don't use \"oko\" at all, preferring \"lukin\" in all circumstances. The usage of \"alasa\" as a preverb meaning \"try to\" is more common than \"lukin\". In pu, only \"lukin\" has this meaning."
+lupa = ""
+ma = ""
+majuna = ""
+mama = ""
+mani = ""
+meli = ""
+melome = ""
+meso = ""
+mi = ""
+mije = ""
+mijomi = ""
+misa = ""
+misikeke = ""
+moku = ""
+moli = ""
+molusa = ""
+monsi = ""
+monsuta = ""
+mu = ""
+mulapisu = ""
+mun = ""
+musi = ""
+mute = ""
+n = ""
+nalanja = ""
+namako = "In common usage (both before and after pu), \"sin\" and \"namako\" are separate words, each with their own meaning. In pu, they are considered synonyms. Those who consider them synonyms typically don't use \"namako\" at all, preferring \"sin\" in all circumstances."
+nanpa = ""
+nasa = ""
+nasin = ""
+natu = ""
+neja = ""
+nele = "Meant to be antonymous to the 'cover, layer of privacy' meanings of 'len'. It can be applied both literally and metaphorically."
+nena = ""
+ni = ""
+nimi = ""
+nimisin = 'Mostly used in conversations in English. Likely was popularised by the :nimisin: emote in ma pona, which was originally used to notify Atawan (maintainer of "nimi ale") about newly coined words. In common speech, the meaning got extended to include most or all non-pu words, regardless if they were coined recently or not.'
+nja = ""
+noka = 'In a 2002 poll, "jalan" was proposed to replace "noka". However, it failed to get enough votes. In pu, "noka" has the meaning of "place that is down". In common usage (both before and after pu), "anpa" has that meaning instead. noka had speculative and/or joking use for numbers, comparable to luka: ten, twenty, negative five.'
+nu = ""
+o = ""
+ojuta = ""
+oke = ""
+okepuma = ""
+oki = 'Though it may have many possible origins, it was first coined in a small group chat. It is mostly used as a variant of the toki pona words "oke" and "ke"'
+oko = "In common usage (both before and after pu), \"lukin\" and \"oko\" are separate words, each with their own meaning. In pu, they are considered synonyms. Those who consider them synonyms typically don't use \"oko\" at all, preferring \"lukin\" in all circumstances, though some speakers do the opposite and use \"oko\" exclusively instead."
+olin = "In english, \"love\" can be used to mean \"like a lot\", but in toki pona, \"olin\" doesn't work that way. It indicates an emotional connection or bond, not preference"
+omekalike = ""
+omekapo = 'Coined by jan Maliku in reference to the message "o moku e kala pona", which jan Sonja wrote on their copy of Toki Pona: The Language of Good during a Texas meetup.'
+omen = ""
+ona = 'Coined in a poll in 2002. Replaced "iki", which was deemed too similar to "ike". Other options in the poll included "ipi", as well as "i" in a previous poll.'
+oni = """
+This word is deprecated by the creator; it is considered part of the "toki oni" tokiponido instead.
+The pronunciation of the second syllable was due to personal preferences of the creator, not modern Greek."""
+open = 'Some proficient speakers use open as a preverb that means "start to," that goes along with the complimentary pini preverb "to stop"'
+owe = ""
+pa = ""
+pakala = ""
+pake = ""
+pakola = ""
+pali = ""
+palisa = ""
+pan = ""
+pana = ""
+pasila = ""
+pata = ""
+peta = ""
+peto = "This word is deprecated by the creator."
+pi = 'The usage of "pi" to mean "of" (marking a possessor) is heavily discouraged nowadays, preferring it to only be used for regrouping within phrases.'
+pika = ""
+pilin = ""
+pimeja = ""
+pini = 'Some proficient speakers use pini as a preverb that means "to stop," that goes along with the complimentary open preverb "start to"'
+pipi = ""
+pipo = ""
+po = ""
+poka = ""
+poki = 'poki is sometimes used as "category" or to express types of things. One example is roles or groups, in discord chat contexts'
+polinpin = ""
+pomotolo = 'From the time management method developed by Francesco Cirillo in Berlin in the 1980s, for which people often used tomato-shaped timers. In ku, "pomotolo" was given as one of the translations of "tomato", presumably due to speakers misusing or misunderstanding the word.'
+pona = ""
+poni = 'Occasionally comes up as a jokish corruption of "pona" (especially in a phrase "toki poni").'
+powe = ""
+pu = "For ways to buy a copy of the book, visit the official Toki Pona website."
+puwa = ""
+sama = ""
+samu = "Coined in reference to jan Samu, a Facebook user who attempted to propose a new word."
+san = """
+More popular than the synonymous (and older) tuli.
+san was also part of a set of 10 digit words created by jan Lenoka: lenke, jatu, ini, san, se, nun, loku, take, patu, kajo (0 through 9). All of these coinages except for san lack notability to be included in the dictionary."""
+seli = "In pu, definitions of seli are described as adjectives. ku's pu corrections clarify that these refer to nouns instead."
+selo = ""
+seme = ""
+sewi = ""
+sijelo = ""
+sike = ""
+sikomo = "Coined in reference to the Travis Scott song ‘Sicko Mode’."
+sin = "In common usage (both before and after pu), \"sin\" and \"namako\" are separate words, each with their own meaning. In pu, they are considered synonyms. Those who consider them synonyms typically don't use \"namako\" at all, preferring \"sin\" in all circumstances."
+sina = ""
+sinpin = ""
+sipi = "Proposed on a forum and quickly forgotten. Notable only for being an early non pu word proposal."
+sitelen = ""
+slape = ""
+soko = ""
+sona = ""
+soto = ""
+soweli = ""
+su = ""
+suke = "The typo was made by jan Sonja while writing ku. The absolute majority of the community does not treat it as a newly coined word."
+suli = ""
+suno = ""
+supa = ""
+sutopatikuna = "Coined by Alexandre Baudry in 2009 in response to jan Sonja coining \"kijetesantakalu\" as part of 2009's April Fools."
+suwi = ""
+taki = ""
+tan = ""
+taso = 'Some proficient speakers use taso as a connector between sentences (X taso Y), similar to "X, but Y," as though taso behaved like la grammatically.'
+tawa = ""
+te = 'May be paired with "to", or used on its own. It is unclear how accepted either approach is among te / to users.'
+teje = ""
+telo = ""
+ten = "Out of use."
+tenpo = ""
+to = 'May be paired with "te", or used on its own. It is unclear how accepted either approach is among te / to users.'
+tokana = ""
+toki = ""
+toma = "The typo was made by jan Sonja while writing ku. The absolute majority of the community does not treat it as a newly coined word."
+tomo = ""
+tonsi = 'Widely regarded in the community to be a crucial addition to toki pona. Occasionally referred to as an "honorary pu word" to highlight its status, or equated to a pu word outright.'
+tu = ""
+tuli = ""
+u = ""
+umesu = ""
+unpa = 'Also defined as "have marital relations with" in pu; removed due to potential confusion.'
+unu = ""
+usawi = "Originally, usawi also included \"technology so complex it's impossible to tell apart from magic\" in its meaning, but this meaning has been deprecated by the creator."
+uta = 'The dot in the "uta" sitelen pona is to distinguish luka-uta from moku.'
+utala = ""
+wa = 'Sometimes analyzed as a variety of "a".'
+waleja = 'May be used as a preposition, e.g. "lipu waleja toki pona = a book about toki pona". However, this usage is very rare.'
+walo = ""
+wan = ""
+waso = ""
+wasoweli = 'First used as the name for a species in a mod for Caves of Qud created by akesi kon Nalasuni. Later appeared in ku as exclusively part of a translation for "penguin".'
+wawa = ""
+wawajete = "Coined in reference to wuwojiti, a sequence of all phonotactically unviable CV syllables in toki pona."
+we = ""
+we1 = "Out of use."
+weka = ""
+wekama = ""
+wi = ""
+wile = ""
+wuwojiti = 'May be seen not as a word in toki pona, but as a kind of memorisation tool in English to refer to the "banned" syllables. Occasionally extended to wuwojitinmanna to include the illegal consecutive nasal consonants.'
+yupekosi = 'Coined as a random keystroke. It is presumed jan Sonja used "y" by mistake, but then made it part of the joke by adding "nobody knows how to pronounce the y".'
+yutu = 'The "y" was a typo and was meant to be "j", but got kept in anyway; compare "yupekosi".'