Update lessons 8 and 9

_lessons/08/index.md

@@ -1,77 +1,78 @@
 ---
-title: 'Róaıko chıetoaı'
+title: 'Chíetoaı kọroaı'
+delta: true
 ---
-# **Róaıko chıetoaı** -- Lesson 8
+# **Chíetoaı kọroaı** -- Lesson 8
 
 <audio id="mainaudio" controls src="lesson.mp3"></audio>
 
 {: .sentences}
-| **Hu súq, hu súq... Je dua jí shîe súq da.** [①](#fn-1)     | You, hey you... I know that you are awake. |
-| **Beı *jí* bı dua jí pîy jí da. [②](#fn-2)** | And *I*, I know that I am annoyed. |
-| **Foı jí da! Moı súq hı raı moq?** | I am bored. What are you thinking about? |
-| **Sıa raı. Je shoe súq nûo jí ba.** [③](#fn-3) | Nothing. Let me sleep. |
-| **Kuaq sheo ka.** [④](#fn-4) | I am sorry. |
+| **Hóı súq, Hóı súq... Je dua jí, ꝡä shıe súq da.** [①](#fn-1)     | You, hey you... I know that you are awake. |
+| **Béı *jí* bï dua jí, ꝡä pazı jí da. [②](#fn-2)** | And *I*, I know that I am annoyed. |
+| **Foı jí da! Moı súq hí raı móq?** | I am bored. What are you thinking about? |
+| **Sía raı. Je shoe súq, ꝡä nuo jí ba.** [③](#fn-3) | Nothing. Let me sleep. |
+| **Kushe.** [④](#fn-4) | Sorry. |
 | **Gı núaq ba.** | Good night. |
-| **Hu súq...** | Hey you... |
-| **Choa bũ ba.** [⑤](#fn-5) | No talking! |
-| **Shao jí sûaq súq sa raı da. Tua súq nûo jí ba.** [⑥](#fn-6) | I want you to sing something. Make me sleep. |
-| **Hı raı bı shao súq sûaq jí ráı moq?** [⑦](#fn-7) | What do you want me to sing? |
-| **Zao súq hı suaqse moq?** | What songs do you know? |
-| **Sıa.**| None. |
+| **Hóı súq...** | Hey you... |
+| **Bu choa ba.** [⑤](#fn-5) | No talking! |
+| **Shao jí, ꝡä suaq súq sá raı da. Tua súq, ꝡä nuo jí ba.** [⑥](#fn-6) | I want you to sing something. Make me sleep. |
+| **Hí raı nä aojaı súq, ꝡä suaq jí ráı móq?** [⑦](#fn-7) | What do you want me to sing? |
+| **Zao súq hí suaqse móq?** | What songs do you know? |
+| **Sía.**| None. |
 
 ## Notes
 
-1. <a name="fn-1" /> We now meet a new tone: the rising-falling tone ![](../tones/t5.png). This tone will be the main focus for the next seven lessons. The rising-falling tone ![](../tones/t5.png) is used to create content clauses, also known as *that*-clauses, because they often begin with the word "that" in English. In simple terms, a content clause is a sentence which can be used within another sentence. This is achieved by turning the sentence into a noun, and this is precisely what the rising-falling tone ![](../tones/t5.png) does. **shîe súq** "that you are awake", is such a content clause. The rising-falling tone ![](../tones/t5.png) is placed on the verb which begins the content clause: **shıe** becomes **shîe**. Thus, we get from **shıe súq** "you are awake" to **shîe súq** "that you are awake". We will see many more examples of this pattern, and it will soon become second nature.
+1. <a name="fn-1" /> The word **ꝡä** is used to create content clauses, also known as *that*-clauses, because they often begin with the word "that" in English. In simple terms, a content clause is a sentence which can be used within another sentence. This is achieved by turning the sentence into a noun, and this is precisely what **ꝡä** does. **ꝡä shıe súq** "that you are awake", is such a content clause. The word **ꝡä** is placed before the verb which begins the content clause.
 
-2. <a name="fn-2" /> The word **beı** is placed before words to emphasize them. In speech, that emphasis can additionally be accompanied with a stress on **beı** itself, usually with a falling tone. It is **beı** that takes the stress because the word after **beı** must retain its original tone. We also see the next example of the rising-falling tone ![](../tones/t5.png) here:  **pîy jí** "that I'm annoyed", from **pıy jí** "I'm annoyed". Thus, **Dua jí pîy jí** "I know that I'm annoyed".
+2. <a name="fn-2" /> The word **béı** is placed before words to emphasize them. In speech, that emphasis can additionally be accompanied with a stress on **béı** itself. We also see the next example of **ꝡä** here:  **ꝡä pazı jí** "that I'm annoyed". The full sentence is: **Dua jí, ꝡä pazı jí** "I know that I'm annoyed". We write a comma before subclauses.
 
-3. <a name="fn-3" /> **sıa** "no", "zero", works like **sa** and **tu**. **sıa raı** means "no thing(s)" or "nothing".
+3. <a name="fn-3" /> **sía** "no", "zero", works like **sá** and **tú**. **sía raı** means "no thing(s)" or "nothing".
 
-4. <a name="fn-4" /> For now, internalize this as a set phrase.
+4. <a name="fn-4" /> **Kushe** is an interjection.
 
-5. <a name="fn-5" /> The literal meaning of **Choa bũ ba** is "May there not be talking".
+5. <a name="fn-5" /> The literal meaning of **Bu choa ba** is "May there not be talking".
 
-6. <a name="fn-6" /> Here we see two more examples of the rising-falling tone ![](../tones/t5.png): **sûaq súq sa raı** "that you sing something", and **nûo jí** "that I sleep". In Toaq, instead of "I want you to sing", we say "I want that you sing": **shao jí sûaq súq**.
+6. <a name="fn-6" /> Here we see two more examples of **ꝡä**: in **ꝡä suaq súq sá raı** "that you sing something", and **ꝡä nuo jí** "that I sleep". In Toaq, instead of "I want you to sing", we say "I want that you sing": **aojaı jí, ꝡä suaq súq**.
 
-7. <a name="fn-7" /> Here we have a fronted **hı** question. Recall that **hı** binding **raı** here means that any subsequent occurence of **ráı** refers to the same thing(s). Therefore, a more literal translation of this sentence would be "what things are such that you want that I sing them".
+7. <a name="fn-7" /> Here we have a fronted **hí** question. Recall that **hí** binding **raı** here means that any subsequent occurence of **ráı** refers to the same thing(s). Therefore, a more literal translation of this sentence would be: "what things are such that you want that I sing them?"
 
 ## Exercises
 
 ### Translate:
 
 - <audio controls src="ex1.mp3"></audio>
-  **Tua hó sôa jí hó da.**
+  **Tua hó, ꝡä soa jí hó da.**
   <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>"They make me help them."</span>
 
 - <audio controls src="ex2.mp3"></audio>
-  **Ma zao súq máma moq?**
+  **Ma zao súq máma móq?**
   <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>"Do you know the mother?"</span>
 
 - <audio controls src="ex3.mp3"></audio>
-  **Ma shao súq fâ jí hó moq?**
+  **Ma aojaı súq, ꝡä fa jí hó móq?**
   <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>"Do you want me to go to them?"</span>
 
 - <audio controls src="ex4.mp3"></audio>
-  **Kaqgaı jí tîa kúne sófa da.**
+  **Kaqgaı jí, ꝡä tıa kúne sófa da.**
   <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>"I see that the dog is behind the sofa."</span>
 
 - <audio controls src="ex5.mp3"></audio>
-  **Dua jí dûa jí sıa raı da.**
+  **Dua jí, ꝡä dua jí sía raı da.**
   <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>"I know that I know nothing."</span>
 
 ### Fill in the blanks:
 
 - "I know that the dog likes you."
-  **<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>Dua</span> jí <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>chô</span> kúne súq da.**
+  **<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>Dua</span> jí, <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>ꝡä</span> cho kúne súq da.**
 
 - "Nobody wants it to rain."
-  **Shao <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>sıa</span> poq <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>rûqshua</span> da.**
+  **Aojaı <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>sía</span> poq, ꝡä <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>ruqshua</span> da.**
 
 - "Make the house white."
-  **Tua súq <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>bâo</span> jío ba.**
+  **Tua súq, <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>ꝡä</span> bao jío ba.**
 
 - "There is a person I want you to see."
-  **Sa <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>poq</span> bı <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>shao</span> jí kâqgaı súq <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>póq</span> da.**
+  **Sá <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>poq</span> nä <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>aojaı</span> jí, ꝡä kaqgaı súq <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>póq</span> da.**
 
 - "Do I know you?"
-  **Ma <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>zao</span> jí <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>súq</span> moq?**
+  **Ma <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>zao</span> jí <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>súq</span> móq?**

_lessons/09/index.md

@@ -1,81 +1,82 @@
 ---
-title: 'Néıko chıetoaı'
+title: 'Chíetoaı kọneı'
+delta: true
 ---
-# **Néıko chıetoaı** -- Lesson 9
+# **Chíetoaı kọneı** -- Lesson 9
 
 <audio id="mainaudio" controls src="lesson.mp3"></audio>
 
 {: .sentences}
-| **Kaqgaı ba. Hıa ní moq?** [①](#fn-1)     | Look! What is that? |
+| **Kaqgaı súq ba. Hıa ní móq?** [①](#fn-1)     | Look! What is that? |
 | **Kaqjua ní da. [②](#fn-2)** | That is strange-looking. |
-| **Mıu jí pôq ní da. Keo dua bũ jí tâo ní hı raı da.** [③](#fn-3) | I think that is a person. But I don't know what it is doing. |
-| **Koy múy ní ba.**  | Let us talk to it. |
+| **Chı jí, ꝡä poq ní da. Kúo bu dua jí, ꝡä tao ní hí raı da.** [③](#fn-3) | I believe that is a person. But I don't know what they are doing. |
+| **Keoı úmo ní ba.**  | Let us talk to it. |
 | **Hıo ka.** [④](#fn-4) | Hello. |
-| **Hıo ka.** | Hello. |
-| **Ma poq súq moq?**  | Are you a person? |
+| **Jadı.** | Hi. |
+| **Ma poq súq móq?**  | Are you a person? |
 | **Nho!** [⑤](#fn-5) | Yes! |
-| **Obe! Chua hı raı súq moq?**  | Oh! What is your name? |
+| **Obe! Chua hí raı súq móq?**  | Oh! What is your name? |
 | **Mı Boko jí da!** [⑥](#fn-6) | I am Boko! |
-| **Ma duy bũ súq moq?** | Do you not move? |
-| **Guosıa dûy mí Boko da!** [⑦](#fn-7) | Boko never moves! |
+| **Ma bu gıam súq moq?** | Do you not move? |
+| **Guosıa, ꝡä gıam mí Boko da!** [⑦](#fn-7) | Boko never moves! |
 | **Luaı súq da.** | You are funny. |
-| **Kuaq kıe ka!** [⑧](#fn-8) | Thank you! |
+| **Kıjı!** [⑧](#fn-8) | Thank you! |
 
 ## Notes
 
 1. <a name="fn-1" /> **Hıa** is a *question verb*, and can be translated with "is what?". **Hıa ní moq?** "What is this?", "What is that?".
 
 2. <a name="fn-2" /> The compound **kaqjua** "to be strange-looking" contains a familiar component, **kaq**, which means "visual", "pertaining to vision". You met this as part of **kaqgaı** "to see". **jua** means "strange", so **kaqjua** is something that looks strange.
 
-3. <a name="fn-3" /> Here we meet another example of the rising-falling tone ![](../tones/t5.png). **poq ní** means "this is a person", so **pôq ní** means "that this is a person". **Mıu jí pôq ní** "I think that this is a person". In the second sentence, we see the content clause **tâo ní hı raı**, which contains a question word. Such content clauses are called indirect questions, because they are used to talk *about* questions rather than directly asking them oneself. **tâo ní hı raı** translates to the indirect question "what this is doing", so the full sentence **Dua bũ jí tâo ní hı raı da** means "I don't know what this is doing".
+3. <a name="fn-3" /> Here we meet another example of **ꝡä**. The phrase **poq ní** means "this is a person", so **ꝡä poq ní** means "that this is a person". **Chı jí, ꝡä poq ní** means "I think that this is a person". In the second sentence, we see the content clause **ꝡä tao ní hí raı**, which contains a question word. Such content clauses are called indirect questions, because they are used to talk *about* questions rather than directly asking them oneself. **ꝡä tao ní hí raı** translates to the indirect question "what this is doing", so the full sentence **Bu dua jí, ꝡä tao ní hí raı da** means "I don't know what this is doing".
 
-4. <a name="fn-4" /> The word **ka** is a family member of **da**, **moq** and **ba**. Its appearance at the end of a sentence indicates that the sentence is true by virtue of being uttered. A common example of such a sentence in English would be "I now pronounce you husband and wife". A good general translation of **ka** into English would be "hereby". **hıo** means "to greet (someone)", thus **Hıo ka** has the literal meaning "Hereby, there is greeting", which is the most common way to say "hello" in Toaq. A slightly longer version is **Hıo jí ka** "Hereby, I greet", or **Hıo jí súq ka** "Hereby, I greet you".
+4. <a name="fn-4" /> The word **ka** is a family member of **da**, **moq** and **ba**. Its appearance at the end of a sentence indicates that the sentence is true by virtue of being uttered. A common example of such a sentence in English would be "I now pronounce you husband and wife". A good general translation of **ka** into English would be "hereby". **hıo** means "to greet (someone)", thus **Hıo ka** has the literal meaning "Hereby, there is greeting", which is a common way to say "hello" in Toaq. A slightly longer version is **Hıo jí ka** "Hereby, I greet", or **Hıo jí súq ka** "Hereby, I greet you". You can also say **jadı**, which is an interjection meaning "hello" or "hi".
 
 5. <a name="fn-5" /> **Nho** is an affirmative interjection, which can be translated as "yes".
 
 6. <a name="fn-6" /> The word **mı** is used to create *name verbs*. **mı NAME** is a verb meaning "to be named NAME". **mı Boko** "to be named Boko", **mı Boko jí** "I am named Boko".
 
-7. <a name="fn-7" /> Here we see the name verb **mı Boko** turned into a noun via the rising tone ![](../tones/t2.png). **mı Boko** "to be named Boko", **mí Boko** "that which is named Boko".
+7. <a name="fn-7" /> Here we see the name verb **mı Boko** turned into a noun via the rising tone ![](../tones/d2.png). **mı Boko** "to be named Boko", **mí Boko** "that which is named Boko".
 
-8. <a name="fn-8" /> For now, take **Kuaq kıe ka!** "Thank you" as a set phrase. However, the **ka** already tells you that this is a *hereby*-phrase. Its literal translation is actually "(I) hereby express (my) gratitude", which is the standard way to say thank you in Toaq.
+8. <a name="fn-8" /> **Kıjı** is an interjection meaning "thank you".
 
 ## Exercises
 
 ### Translate:
 
 - <audio controls src="ex1.mp3"></audio>
-  **Koy déo máma da.**
+  **Keoı déo máma da.**
   <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>"The child talks to the mother."</span>
 
 - <audio controls src="ex2.mp3"></audio>
-  **Guosia kôy déo máma da.**
+  **Guosıa, ꝡä keoı déo máma da.**
   <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>"The child never talks to the mother."</span>
 
 - <audio controls src="ex3.mp3"></audio>
-  **Tao kúne sa jua da.**
+  **Tao kúne sá jua da.**
   <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>"The dog does something strange."</span>
 
 - <audio controls src="ex4.mp3"></audio>
-  **Luai chô bũ kúne súq da.**
+  **Luaı, ꝡä bu cho kúne súq da.**
   <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>"It is funny that the dog does not like you."</span>
 
 - <audio controls src="ex5.mp3"></audio>
-  **Ma zao súq mí Sara moq?**
+  **Ma zao súq mí Sara móq?**
   <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>"Do you know Sara?"</span>
 
 ### Fill in the blanks:
 
 - "I don't know at what place I am."
-  **<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>Dua</span> bũ jí <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>tî</span> jí <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>hı</span> rıaq da.**
+  **Bu <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>dua</span> jí, ꝡä <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>tı</span> jí <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>hí</span> rıaq da.**
 
 - "They talk to Amira."
-  **<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>Koy</span> hó <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>mí</span> amıra da.**
+  **<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>Keoı</span> hó <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>mí</span> Amıra da.**
 
 - "What is the name of the dog?"
-  **<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>Chua</span> hı <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>raı</span> kúne <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>moq</span>?**
+  **<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>Chua</span> hí <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>raı</span> kúne <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>móq</span>?**
 
 - "I see something funny."
-  **<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>Kaqgaı</span> jí sa <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>luaı</span> da.**
+  **<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>Kaqgaı</span> jí sá <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>luaı</span> da.**
 
 - "You do nothing that's good."
-  **<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>Tao</span> súq <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>sıa</span> gı da.**
+  **<span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>Tao</span> súq <span class="spoiler" tabindex=0>sía</span> gı da.**