Systematic Review of PubMed Articles Prior to 2023 on Effects of Breakfast on School Performance

Citation: Ong, RT, Lao, S, Seow, SK, Dave, VS, Ling, MHT. 2024. Systematic Review of PubMed Articles Prior to 2023 on Effects of Breakfast on School Performance. Medicon Medical Sciences 6(1): 11-25.

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Breakfast has been touted as the most important meal of the day, especially for school-aged individuals who requires energy and nutrients to support activities in school. However, the effects of breakfast on school performance have not been systematically reviewed. This study aims to fill this gap by conducting a systematic review on the effects of breakfast on school performance using articles indexed in PubMed prior to 2023. 41 of the original 94 articles (43.6%) were included. Majority of the studies have concluded that regular breakfast allows students to perform better in school; hence, skipping breakfast, especially prolonged skipping of meals, is not encouraged for school-aged individuals as it may lead to impaired cognitive function required for education.